The effects of exercise interventions on quality of life in clinical and healthy populations; a meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
The aim of the study was to provide an overview of the effect of exercise interventions on subjective quality of life (QoL) across adult clinical populations and well people, and to systematically investigate the impact of the exercise setting, intensity and type on these outcomes. From a systematic search of six electronic databases, 56 original studies were extracted, reporting on 7937 sick and well people. A meta-analysis was conducted on change in QoL from pre- to post-intervention compared with outcomes from a no-exercise control group, using weighted (by the study's sample size) pooled mean effect sizes and a fixed-effects model. Significant differences in outcome were found when treatment purpose was compared; prevention/promotion (well populations), rehabilitation, or disease management. Three to 6 months post-baseline, a moderate positive effect of exercise interventions was found for overall QoL in rehabilitation patients, but no significant effect for well or disease management groups. However, physical and psychological QoL domains improved significantly relative to controls in well participants. Psychological QoL was significantly poorer relative to controls in the disease management group. This pattern of results persisted over 1 year. With some exceptions, better overall QoL was reported for light intensity exercise undertaken in group settings, with greater improvement in physical QoL following moderate intensity exercise. The implications for future health care practice and research are discussed.
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A recent meta-analysis found that psychological well-being was significantly improved among individuals who exercised for disease prevention, but deteriorated significantly when undertaken for management of CVD, end-stage renal disease, pulmonary disease, neurological disorders, and cancer.
“A recent meta-analysis found that while psychological well-being was significantly improved among individuals who exercised for disease prevention, it deteriorated significantly when undertaken for management of CVD, end-stage renal disease, pulmonary disease, neurological disorders, and cancer”
From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [90]
Individuals who undertake exercise to prevent a chronic disease fare better than those who undertake it to manage an existing one.
“However, it seems that individuals who undertake exercise to prevent a chronic disease fare better than those who undertake it to manage an existing one.”
From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [90]
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- Authors
- Gillison, F. B., Skevington, S. M., Sato, A., Standage, M., & Evangelidou, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Bath (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gillison, Fiona Bridget
- Venue
- Social Science & Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-05
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1700-1710
- ISSN
- 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1996156523
- Cited by
- 327
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 84 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The University of Bath Online Publications Store (The University of Bath) (submittedVersion)
- Pure (University of Bath) (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- exercise intervention, quality of life, physical quality of life, psychological quality of life, rehabilitation, disease management, prevention and promotion, exercise intensity, group exercise, exercise settings, healthy population, clinical populations
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Exercise Therapy, Health Promotion, Humans, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Rehabilitation, Exercise, Chi-Square Distribution, Case-Control Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Disease Management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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