Perceived social isolation and cognition

In the citing paper

“Each of these reviews reports equivocal findings regarding the association between aspects of social connections and cognitive function from both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.”

In the citing paper

“Lonely individuals also struggle to use their social skills (Knowles et al., 2015) and approach social situations in a more defensive manner (Cacioppo et al., 2006;Cacioppo & Hawkley, 2009), such that even if they are motivated to seek connections with others, these attempts to reconnect may not be successful.”

In the citing paper

“Our model of loneliness [8, 9] posits that perceived social isolation is tantamount to feeling unsafe, and this sets off implicit hypervigilance for (additional) social threat in the environment.”

In the citing paper

“relative to nonlonely people, lonely individuals see the social world as a more threatening place, expect more negative social interactions, and remember more negative social information.”

In the citing paper

“Social evaluative threat is known to be a potent elicitor of cortisol [74], and our theory that loneliness is characterized by chronic threat of and hypervigilance for negative social evaluation [9] is consistent with the finding that loneliness predicts increased cortisol awakening response.”

In the citing paper

“Loneliness is not merely the absence of social contact. Rather, it refers to a perceived gap between desired and actual social connection, and it is therefore closely related to unmet belongingness and relatedness needs (Baumeister and Leary, 1995; Cacioppo and Hawkley, 2009).”

In the citing paper

“the effects of perceived isolation in these longitudinal studies share much in common with the effects of experimental manipulations of isolation in nonhuman social species: increased tonic sympathetic tonus and HPA activation and decreased inflammatory control and immunity; expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid responses; and glucocorticoid resistance.”

In the citing paper

“perceived social isolation is a more important determinant of deleterious outcomes than is the variation in objective social isolation that is seen in population based studies”

In the citing paper

“After 25 generations of selective breeding, differences in behavior between the two lines of rats were reminiscent of some of the differences observed in humans who are high or low in perceived isolation:22 the high, relative to low, USV line showed more distress to isolation as an infant; greater latency to play as an adolescent; and greater depression-like behaviors, greater anxiety-like Behavi”

In the citing paper

“a second exogenous social loop (Arc 2) in which altered behaviors evoke more suspicious, distant, and hostile responses from the surrounding social environment [1].”

In the citing paper

“In particular, across research studies, the overall effect size of loneliness on mortality is difficult to summarize due to the lack of uniform measures of loneliness [5], differences in the inclusion of statistical controls [26], and the use of analytic procedures that ignore survival time and censored data [24].”