Maintenance of ancestral complexity and non-metazoan genes in two basal cnidarians

Technau, Ulrich; Rudd, Stephen; Maxwell, Peter; Gordon, Paul M.K.; Saina, Michael; Grasso, Lauretta C.; Hayward, David C.; Sensen, Christoph W.; Saint, Robert; Holstein, Thomas W.; Ball, Eldon E.; Miller, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.tig.2005.09.007

Cited by 338Marine Invertebrate Physiology and EcologyDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationGenomics and Phylogenetic Studies

Maintenance of ancestral complexity and non-metazoan genes in two basal cnidarians

Technau, Ulrich, Rudd, Stephen, Maxwell, Peter, Gordon, Paul M.K., Saina, Michael, Grasso, Lauretta C., Hayward, David C., Sensen, Christoph W. +4 more·2005·Trends in Genetics

DOI 10.1016/j.tig.2005.09.007

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Abstract

Cnidarians are among the simplest extant animals; however EST analyses reveal that they have a remarkably high level of genetic complexity. In this article, we show that the full diversity of metazoan signaling pathways is represented in this phylum, as are antagonists previously known only in chordates. Many of the cnidarian ESTs match genes previously known only in non-animal kingdoms. At least some of these represent ancient genes lost by all bilaterians examined so far, rather than genes gained by recent lateral gene transfer.

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Nematostella vectensis has a surprisingly complex genome, including all major signalling pathways and most transcription factor families.
“Nematostella has a surprisingly complex genome, including all major signalling pathways and most transcription factor families [18,20–24].”
From Evolution of eumetazoan nervous systems: insights from cnidarians (2015) · cites this paper as [20]
Caenorhabditis and Drosophila are highly diverged organisms with high levels of gene loss and sequence divergence, whereas at least some cnidarians have retained much of the ancestral genetic complexity of metazoans.
“diverged organisms characterized by high levels of gene loss and sequence divergence, whereas at least some cnidarians have retained much of the ancestral genetic complexity of metazoans [108–110].”
From Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire (2017) · cites this paper as [109]
Cnidarian genes are often more similar to vertebrate genes than vertebrate genes are to those of more diverged animals such as Caenorhabditis or Drosophila.
“Reflecting this ancestral core, cnidarian genes are often more similar to vertebrate genes than vertebrate genes are to those of more diverged animals like Caenorhabditis or Drosophila [50,109].”
From Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire (2017) · cites this paper as [109]
The anemone genome harbors two families of Tx1-like non-LTR retrotransposons, Tx1-1_NV and Tx1-2_NV, inserted in 5S rRNA and U2 smRNA, respectively, at target sites identical to those of different Tx1 elements in fish, frog, and lancelet.
“the anemone genome harbors two families of Tx1-like non-LTR retrotransposons, Tx1-1_NV and Tx1-2_NV, inserted in 5S rRNA and U2 smRNA, respectively, at target sites identical to those of different Tx1 elements in fish (18), frog and lancelet.”
From Sea Anemone Genome Reveals Ancestral Eumetazoan Gene Repertoire and Genomic Organization (2007) · cites this paper as [18]

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Correspondence
Soza-ried, J., Hotz-wagenblatt, A., Glatting, K.-H., del Val, C., Fellenberg, K., Bode, H. R., Uri Frank, A., Hoheisel, J. D., Frohme, M., Soza-ried, J., et al. (2009)
Recent advances in genomics and transcriptomics of cnidarians
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Authors: Technau, U., Rudd, S., Maxwell, P., Gordon, P. M. K., Saina, M., Grasso, L. C., Hayward, D. C., Sensen, C. W., Saint, R., Holstein, T. W., Ball, E. E., & Miller, D. J.
Affiliations: University of Bergen (NO)
Turku Centre for Biotechnology (FI)
Australian National University (AU)
University of Calgary (CA)
Heidelberg University (DE)
James Cook University (AU)
Corresponding author: Technau, Ulrich
Miller, David J.
ORCID: Technau, Ulrich
Rudd, Stephen
Gordon, Paul M.K.
Grasso, Lauretta C.
Hayward, David C.
Sensen, Christoph W.
Saint, Robert
Holstein, Thomas W.
Ball, Eldon E.
Miller, David J.
Venue: Trends in Genetics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-12
Volume: 21
Issue: 12
Pages: 633-639
ISSN: 0168-9525 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2005.09.007
OpenAlex: W2076271968
Cited by: 337
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 4.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Trends in Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Keywords: ancestral genes, gene loss, horizontal gene transfer, expressed sequence tags, gene family evolution, bilaterians
MeSH terms: Animals, Bacterial Proteins, Genetics, Population, Heat-Shock Proteins, Humans, Phylogeny, Genes, Duplicate, Anthozoa

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Maintenance of ancestral complexity and non-metazoan genes in two basal cnidarians

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