Cited by 498Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsRedox biology and oxidative stressNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms

Biological aspects of reactive nitrogen species

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Patel, Rakesh P., McAndrew, Joanne, Sellak, Hassan, White, C.Roger, Jo, Hanjoong, Freeman, Bruce A., Darley-Usmar, Victor M.·1999·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role as a cell-signalling molecule, anti-infective agent and, as most recently recognised, an antioxidant. The metabolic fate of NO gives rise to a further series of compounds, collectively known as the reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which possess their own unique characteristics. In this review we discuss this emerging aspect of the NO field in the context of the formation of the RNS and what is known about their effects on biological systems. While much of the insight into the RNS has been gained from the extensive chemical characterisation of these species, to reveal biological consequences this approach must be complemented by direct measures of physiological function. Although we do not know the consequences of many of the dominant chemical reactions of RNS an intriguing aspect is now emerging. This review will illustrate how, when specificity and amplification through cell signalling mechanisms are taken into account, the less significant reactions, in terms of yield or rates, can explain many of the biological responses of exposure of cells or physiological systems to RNS.

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Authors
Patel, R. P., McAndrew, J., Sellak, H., White, C. R., Jo, H., Freeman, B. A., & Darley-Usmar, V. M.
Affiliations
University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
Corresponding author
Darley-Usmar, Victor M.
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1999-05
Volume
1411
Issue
2-3
Pages
385-400
ISSN
0005-2728 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2005187114
Cited by
498
References
145
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 14
FWCI
3.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • American Heart Association (AL-G-960035)
  • National Institutes of Health (5p01hl048676-05, 5r01hl051245-05, HL53601, HL48676)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL59685, HL-51245, R01HL058115, HL48676)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
Keywords
reactive nitrogen species, nitric oxide, nitric oxide metabolism, signal transduction, antioxidant function, anti-infective activity
MeSH terms
Animals, Inflammation, Lipoproteins, Membranes, Nitrates, Nitric Oxide, Nitrogen, Oxidation-Reduction, Tyrosine, Vasodilation, Signal Transduction, Apoptosis, Nitric Oxide Donors

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