Persistent pain and depression: A biopsychosocial perspective
Abstract
This review highlights recent research findings on the relationship between persistent pain and depression and discusses the implications of these findings for future research in persons who suffer from both pain and depression. First, we briefly discuss advances in theories of pain that underscore the important role that depression can play in the chronic pain experience. Second, we discuss depression in persons suffering from chronic pain from a biopsychosocial perspective that takes into account both biological and psychosocial mechanisms linking pain and depression. Third, we address biomedical, psychosocial, and combined medical-psychosocial approaches to treatment in persons with persistent pain and depression. We conclude by highlighting future directions for research related to screening and diagnosis of depression in persons having persistent pain, treatment of comorbid pain and depression, and individual and subgroup differences in the experience of persistent pain and depression.
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In the general population, depression is associated with a wide range of health, mental health, and neurological conditions, such as chronic pain, headaches and migraines, diabetes, low testosterone, cardiovascular/cerebrovascular/small vessel ischemic disease, PD, MCI, and AD.
“In the general population, depression is associated with a wide range of health, mental health, and neurological conditions, such as 1) chronic pain [71–75]; 2) headaches and migraines [76–79]; 3) diabetes [80–82]; 4) low testosterone [83–85]; 5) cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and small vessel ischemic disease [86–92]; 6) PD [93]; 7) MCI [94–96]; and 8) AD [97].”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Campbell, L. C., Clauw, D. J., & Keefe, F. J.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Keefe, Francis J
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-08
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 399-409
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1992795892
- Cited by
- 362
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 1.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (63429)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- chronic pain, depression, biopsychosocial model, pain theories, pain-depression comorbidity, psychosocial mechanisms, biological mechanisms, pain management, subgroup differences
- MeSH terms
- Depression, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Pain, Pain Management
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