Cited by 1,142Bone health and osteoporosis researchElasticity and Material ModelingBone fractures and treatments

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Comparison of the elastic and yield properties of human femoral trabecular and cortical bone tissue

Bayraktar, Harun H., Morgan, Elise F., Niebur, Glen L., Morris, Grayson E., Wong, Eric K., Keaveny, Tony M.·2004·Journal of Biomechanics

DOI 10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00257-4

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Abstract

The ability to determine trabecular bone tissue elastic and failure properties has biological and clinical importance. To date, trabecular tissue yield strains remain unknown due to experimental difficulties, and elastic moduli studies have reported controversial results. We hypothesized that the elastic and tensile and compressive yield properties of trabecular tissue are similar to those of cortical tissue. Effective tissue modulus and yield strains were calibrated for cadaveric human femoral neck specimens taken from 11 donors, using a combination of apparent-level mechanical testing and specimen-specific, high-resolution, nonlinear finite element modeling. The trabecular tissue properties were then compared to measured elastic modulus and tensile yield strain of human femoral diaphyseal cortical bone specimens obtained from a similar cohort of 34 donors. Cortical tissue properties were obtained by statistically eliminating the effects of vascular porosity. Results indicated that mean elastic modulus was 10% lower (p<0.05) for the trabecular tissue (18.0+/-2.8 GPa) than for the cortical tissue (19.9+/-1.8 GPa), and the 0.2% offset tensile yield strain was 15% lower for the trabecular tissue (0.62+/-0.04% vs. 0.73+/-0.05%, p<0.001). The tensile-compressive yield strength asymmetry for the trabecular tissue, 0.62 on average, was similar to values reported in the literature for cortical bone. We conclude that while the elastic modulus and yield strains for trabecular tissue are just slightly lower than those of cortical tissue, because of the cumulative effect of these differences, tissue strength is about 25% greater for cortical bone.

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Frame, J. C., Rohan, P., Corté, L., et al. (2018) · Mechanics Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.mechrescom.2018.07.005 · Cited by 13
“A higher Young’s modulus value was chosen in our model because 20 GPa is a more realistic value for the maximum possible Young’s modulus of cortical bone [35,36,38] .”
Method
Equine subchondral bone failure threshold under impact compression applied through articular cartilage
Malekipour, F., Oetomo, D., & Lee, P. V. S. (2016) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.05.016 · Cited by 13
“…been extensively used to 71 determine the tissue-level elastic modulus (Kabel et al., 1999; Ladd and Kinney, 1998; 72 Van Rietbergen et al., 1997), as well as yield stress and strain of trabecular bone 73 (Bayraktar et al., 2004; Nagaraja et al., 2005; Niebur et al., 2000; Verhulp et al., 2008).”
Method
Applications of Algebraic Multigrid to Large-Scale Finite Element Analysis of Whole Bone Micro-Mechanics on the IBM SP
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“Although the initial setup in Athena (1) and to a lesser extent the mesh setup cost in Prometheus (3), represents a significant portion of the time in the numerical experiments, because only one linear system is solved, these costs are amortized in nonlinear simulations which constitute the predominant use of our fini…”
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Mechanical properties of whole-body human bones: a review
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Koivumäki, J. (2013) · Cited by 12
LIPSS pattern induced by polymer surface instability for myoblast cell guidance
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“The elastic moduli of reinforced composites, such as CFR-PEEK (carbon fiber reinforced PEEK), can be as high as 18 GPa [11], bringing them significantly closer to the value of cortical bone (19.9 ± 1.8 GPa) [12].”
BackgroundInfluential
The effects of different grading approaches in additively manufactured dental implants on peri-implant bone stress: A finite element analysis
Akbas, O., Greuling, A., & Stiesch, M. (2024) · Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106530 · Cited by 15
Disc degeneration influences the strain magnitude and stress distribution within the adjacent trabecular bone
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Bioactive and fatigue-resistant Ti–Ta alloy by additive manufacturing for orthopedic applications
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Viscoelastic Responses of the Lumbar Spine during Prolonged Stooping
Shin, G., Mirka, G. A., & Loboa, E. G. (2005) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/154193120504901401 · Cited by 12
Nanoindentation of Bone
Ferguson, V. L., & Olesiak, S. E. (2019) · doi:10.1201/9780429111556-7 · Cited by 12
Chapter A2 Cancellous Bone
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Xu, J., Zhan, S., Ling, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research · doi:10.1186/s13018-020-01867-4 · Cited by 12
“0073) reported in previous studies [25, 26].”
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Measurement of bone damage caused by quasi-static compressive loading-unloading to explore dental implants stability: Simultaneous use of in-vitro tests, μ-CT images, and digital volume correlation
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Numerical simulation of the insertion process of an uncemented hip prosthesis in order to evaluate the influence of residual stress and contact distribution on the stem initial stability
Monea, A. G., Pastrav, L., Mulier, M., et al. (2012) · Computer Methods in Biomechanics & Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1080/10255842.2012.681644 · Cited by 12
“As the simulations assumed continuous pressure on the prosthesis head without relaxation periods in between the loading steps, the stress in bone may be overestimated, showing values close to the yield stress of bone (Van Rietbergen et al. 1998; Bayraktar et al. 2004;).”
Background
A novel hypothesis for the formation of conoidal projectile wounds in sandwich bones
Rickman, J. M., & Shackel, J. (2018) · International Journal of Legal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00414-018-1946-x · Cited by 12
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Functional electrical stimulation (FES)–assisted rowing combined with zoledronic acid, but not alone, preserves distal femur strength and stiffness in people with chronic spinal cord injury
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“When the tensile or compressive principal strain in the FE model exceeded the tensile or compressive tissue yield strain, the postyield tissue elastic modulus was set to 5% of the initial elastic modulus [37, 38].”
Background
A quasi-brittle strain-driven microdamage-informed remodelling approach for predicting proximal human femur damage and remodelling patterns
Minku, Scerrato, D., Bersani, A. M., et al. (2026) · Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems · doi:10.2140/memocs.2026.14.205 · Cited by 11
Nanostructured biomimetic, bioresponsive, and bioactive biomaterials
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Characterization of damage mechanisms in cortical bone: Quantification of fracture resistance, critical strains, and crack tortuosity
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Differing trabecular bone architecture in dinosaurs and mammals contribute to stiffness and limits on bone strain
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Method
Next-Generation Textiles
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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN METATARSAL BONES
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Authors: Bayraktar, H. H., Morgan, E. F., Niebur, G. L., Morris, G. E., Wong, E. K., & Keaveny, T. M.
Affiliations: University of California, Berkeley (US)
University of Notre Dame (US)
Corresponding author: Bayraktar, Harun H.
ORCID: Morgan, Elise F.
Niebur, Glen L.
Keaveny, Tony M.
Venue: Journal of Biomechanics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 1
Pages: 27-35
ISSN: 0021-9290 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00257-4
OpenAlex: W2089968363
Cited by: 1,142
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 60 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 68 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 49
FWCI: 13.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
University of California, San Francisco
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR-43784, R01AR043784, AR41481)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Elasticity and Material Modeling
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone fractures and treatments
Keywords: trabecular bone, cortical bone, femoral neck, elastic modulus, yield strain, tensile yield strength, compressive yield strength, finite element analysis
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cadaver, Computer Simulation, Elasticity, Femur Head, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Sensitivity and Specificity, Statistics as Topic, Stress, Mechanical, Tensile Strength, Reproducibility of Results, Weight-Bearing, Compressive Strength, In Vitro Techniques

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Comparison of the elastic and yield properties of human femoral trabecular and cortical bone tissue

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