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Involvement of Caspases in Proteolytic Cleavage of Alzheimer’s Amyloid-β Precursor Protein and Amyloidogenic Aβ Peptide Formation
Abstract
The amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is directly and efficiently cleaved by caspases during apoptosis, resulting in elevated amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide formation. The predominant site of caspase-mediated proteolysis is within the cytoplasmic tail of APP, and cleavage at this site occurs in hippocampal neurons in vivo following acute excitotoxic or ischemic brain injury. Caspase-3 is the predominant caspase involved in APP cleavage, consistent with its marked elevation in dying neurons of Alzheimer's disease brains and colocalization of its APP cleavage product with A beta in senile plaques. Caspases thus appear to play a dual role in proteolytic processing of APP and the resulting propensity for A beta peptide formation, as well as in the ultimate apoptotic death of neurons in Alzheimer's disease.
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AD brains show elevated levels of caspases, and APP fragments resulting from caspase cleavage colocalize with amyloid plaques.
“It is also noteworthy that AD brains show elevated levels of caspases and that APP fragments resulting from caspase cleavage colocalize with amyloid plaques (Gervais et al., 1999; Lu et al., 2000).”
From Emerging Alternative Proteinases in APP Metabolism and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: A Focus on MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP (2019) · cites this paper as Gervais et al., 1999
Caspase-mediated APP cleavage stimulates Aβ production in B103 and NT2 cells.
“Eventually, caspase-mediated APP cleavage stimulates Aβ production in B103 and NT2 cells (Gervais et al., 1999).”
From Emerging Alternative Proteinases in APP Metabolism and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: A Focus on MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP (2019) · cites this paper as Gervais et al., 1999
Caspase-3, -6 and -8 cleave APP mainly between amino acids V664-D665 (APP695 numbering) within the intracytoplasmic domain.
“Several studies have demonstrated in a variety of culture cell systems the ability of caspase-3, -6 and -8 to cleave APP, mainly between amino acids V664-D665 (APP695 numbering) within the intracytoplasmic domain (Gervais et al., 1999; LeBlanc et al., 1999; Pellegrini et al., 1999; Weidemann et al., 1999).”
From Emerging Alternative Proteinases in APP Metabolism and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: A Focus on MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP (2019) · cites this paper as Gervais et al., 1999
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gervais, F. G., Xu, D., Robertson, G. S., Vaillancourt, J. P., Zhu, Y., Huang, J., LeBlanc, A., Smith, D., Rigby, M., Shearman, M. S., Clarke, E. E., Zheng, H., Van Der Ploeg, L. H. T., Ruffolo, S. C., Thornberry, N. A., Xanthoudakis, S., Zamboni, R. J., Roy, S., & Nicholson, D. W.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-04
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 395-406
- ISSN
- 0092-8674
- Cited by
- 674
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
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