Cited by 441Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

Synapses and Alzheimer's Disease

Open access
Sheng, M., Sabatini, B. L., Sudhof, T. C.·2012·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia in the elderly. Pathologically, AD is characterized by the accumulation of insoluble aggregates of Aβ-peptides that are proteolytic cleavage products of the amyloid-β precursor protein ("plaques") and by insoluble filaments composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein ("tangles"). Familial forms of AD often display increased production of Aβ peptides and/or altered activity of presenilins, the catalytic subunits of γ-secretase that produce Aβ peptides. Although the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear, recent studies have highlighted two major themes that are likely important. First, oligomeric Aβ species have strong detrimental effects on synapse function and structure, particularly on the postsynaptic side. Second, decreased presenilin function impairs synaptic transmission and promotes neurodegeneration. The mechanisms underlying these processes are beginning to be elucidated, and, although their relevance to AD remains debated, understanding these processes will likely allow new therapeutic avenues to AD.

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Crossref · 10.1101/cshperspect.a005777

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  • Previous studies using transgenic mouse models of AD have identified various mechanisms that lead to synaptic impairment in AD, including the accumulation of soluble amyloid-beta, Tau hyperphosphorylation, loss of VGF signaling, and glial state dysregulation.

    “For example, previous studies using transgenic mouse models of AD have identified various mechanisms that lead to synaptic impairment in AD, including the accumulation of soluble amyloid-beta, Tau hyperphosphorylation, loss of VGF signaling, and glial state dysregulation (e.g., the induction of disease-associated microglia and disease-associated astrocytes) (9, 23–30).”

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Authors
Sheng, M., Sabatini, B. L., & Sudhof, T. C.
Affiliations
  • Genentech (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Sheng, M.
Venue
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
Published
2012-04-04
Volume
4
Issue
5
Pages
a005777-a005777
ISSN
1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2120551490
Cited by
436
References
134
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 5
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (P01AG0107701, RC2AG036614)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS077906, R01NS040057)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, synapses, amyloid-beta oligomers, amyloid plaques, tau tangles, presenilin, gamma-secretase, synaptic transmission, neurodegeneration, dementia
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Models, Biological, Synaptic Transmission, Synapses, Amyloid beta-Peptides, tau Proteins, Gene Transfer Techniques, Presenilins

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