Localization of the CB1 type cannabinoid receptor in the rat basolateral amygdala: high concentrations in a subpopulation of cholecystokinin-containing interneurons
Abstract
The neuronal localization of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in the rat basolateral amygdala was studied using peroxidase and fluorescence immunohistochemical techniques. All nuclei of the basolateral amygdala contained a large number of lightly stained pyramidal neurons and a small number of more intensely stained non-pyramidal neurons. Most of the latter cells had medium-sized to large multipolar somata and three to four aspiny dendrites, but some exhibited smaller oval somata. The axon initial segments of some of these non-pyramidal neurons exhibited large swollen varicosities in colchicine-injected animals, suggesting that much of the CB1 receptor protein is transported down the axons of these cells. Double-labeling studies using immunofluorescence histochemistry combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the great majority of non-pyramidal neurons with CB1 receptor immunoreactivity belonged to a cholecystokinin-containing subpopulation. Whereas none of the other subpopulations of non-pyramidal neurons (exhibiting immunoreactivity for calretinin, parvalbumin, or somatostatin) expressed high levels of CB1 receptor immunoreactivity, a small percentage of these cells exhibited low levels of immunoreactivity. The results indicate that cannabinoids may modulate the activity of pyramidal projection neurons as well as a subpopulation of cholecystokinin-containing non-pyramidal neurons in the basolateral amygdala. Previous studies indicate that most of the latter are inhibitory interneurons that utilize GABA as a neurotransmitter. The intense staining of the cholecystokinin-containing interneurons and the evidence that large amounts of CB1 receptor protein are transported down the axons of these cells suggests that, as in the hippocampus, cannabinoids may inhibit the release of GABA from the axon terminals of these neurons.
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Following synthesis, ECBs are retrogradely transported into the extracellular space to bind ECB receptors present on presynaptic terminals.
“Following their synthesis, ECBs are retrogradely transported into the extracellular space to bind ECB receptors present on presynaptic terminals [19–21].”
From Amygdala FAAH and anandamide: mediating protection and recovery from stress (2013) · cites this paper as [21]
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“…first to report endocannabinoid modulation of synaptic function made by FS-PV interneurons in the mammalian cortex, although such modulation has been documented in the amygdala (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001) and basal ganglia (Freiman et al., 2006; Narushima et al., 2006; Uchigashima et al., 2007).”
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“Interestingly, the CB1 cannabinoid receptor is also expressed on the GABAergic interneurons of the basolateral nucleus, at least in the rat and the mouse (Katona et al., 2001; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
BackgroundMuller, J. F., Mascagni, F., & McDonald, A. J. (2003) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.10435 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
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“…by Dr. Kenneth Baimbridge, University of British Columbia) or rabbit anti-VIP (1:2,000; Immunostar) to label specific populations of interneurons (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001a; Mascagni and McDonald, 2003), or in mouse anti-CaMK (20 g/ml; Chemicon) to label pyramidal cells (McDonald et al.,…”
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Tan, H., Lauzon, N. M., Bishop, S. F., Chi, N., Bechard, M., & Laviolette, S. R. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4718-10.2011 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
“Within the BLA, high concentrations of CB1 receptors are found localized on inhibitory interneurons (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
BackgroundInserra, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00330 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
“Since CB1 receptors are enriched in the amygdala (one of the brain areas hyperactivated by Ayahuasca), and given that CB1 or NMDA agonists prevent fear expression during traumatic memory retrieval, this supports a role for Ayahuasca in the updating and reconsolidation of traumatic memories by modulating the fear respo…”
BackgroundInfluentialInfusion of cannabidiol into infralimbic cortex facilitates fear extinction via CB1 receptors
Monte, F. H. D., de Souza, R. R., de Bitencourt, R. M., Kroon, J. A. V., & Takahashi, R. N. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.04.045 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Kamprath, K., Romo-Parra, H., Häring, M., Gaburro, S., Doengi, M., Lutz, B., & Pape, H.-C. (2011) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.196 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“In line with this finding, other studies detected a faint immunopositive signal in the CeA (Tsou et al, 1998; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001; Patel et al, 2005a).”
ResultThe endocannabinoid system and nondrug rewarding behaviours
Fattore, L., Melis, M., Fadda, P., Pistis, M., & Fratta, W. (2010) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.03.020 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“The BLA expresses high levels of CB1 receptors (Herkenham et al., 1991; Katona et al., 2001; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001) and CB1 mRNA (Marsicano and Lutz, 1999).”
BackgroundEndocannabinoids, cannabinoids and the regulation of anxiety
Petrie, G. N., Nastase, A. S., Aukema, R. J., & Hill, M. N. (2021) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108626 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Falenski, K. W., Carter, D. S., Harrison, A. J., Martin, B. R., Blair, R. E., & DeLorenzo, R. J. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.01.036 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Chapter 5 The Endocannabinoid System as A Target for Novel Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Drugs
Gaetani, S., Dipasquale, P., Romano, A., Righetti, L., Cassano, T., Piomelli, D., & Cuomo, V. (2009) · International Review of Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(09)85005-8 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“High densities of CB1 are found in the basolateral amygdala, the anterior cingulate cortex, the prefrontal cortex, and the hippocampus, brain regions that serve diVerent functions in the regulation of emotions (Cahill and McGaugh, 1998; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
BackgroundRoberto, M., Cruz, M. T., Bajo, M., Siggins, G. R., Parsons, L. H., & Schweitzer, P. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.70 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“Our data are in agreement with immunohistochemical findings of light CB1 staining in CeA (Tsou et al., 1998; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001), and apparent low levels of CB1 appear to be sufficient to generate a large physiological response.”
InfluentialSerrano, A., Rivera, P., Pavón, F. J., Decara, J. M., Suárez, J., de Fonseca, F. R., & Parsons, L. H. (2011) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01686.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“However, other studies have detected faint but consistent immunopositive CB1 signal in the CeA (Kamprath et al., 2011; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001; Patel et al., 2005a; Tsou et al., 1998) and recent work has demonstrated a robust endocannabinoid influence on both excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the CeA (Kamp…”
BackgroundGABAergic cell type diversity in the basolateral amygdala
Capogna, M. (2014) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2014.01.006 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
“Another cell population that expresses cholecystokinin (CCK), often together with CB and type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors [27] makes synapses with somata [28], suggesting analogy with cortical CCK-expressing basket cells [29].”
Tan, H., Lauzon, N. M., Bishop, S. F., Bechard, M. A., & Laviolette, S. R. (2010) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp210 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“found localized on a subpopulation of inhibitory interneurons (McDonald and Mascagni 2001) suggesting an important regulatory role for CB1 receptor transmission within the BLA through endocannabinoid signaling.”
BackgroundInfluentialChhatwal, J. P., Gutman, A. R., Maguschak, K. A., Bowser, M. E., Yang, Y., Davis, M., & Ressler, K. J. (2008) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2008.97 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“In terms of understanding the neural circuitry underlying the process of extinction learning, the present study in combination with the aforementioned anatomical studies describing high concentrations of CB1Rs on the presynaptic terminals of CCK + interneurons (Marsicano and Lutz, 1999; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001) su…”
BackgroundResultSupraspinal modulation of pain by cannabinoids: the role of GABA and glutamate
Rea, K., Roche, M., & Finn, D. P. (2007) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707440 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Endocannabinoids: Effectors of glucocorticoid signaling
Balsevich, G., Petrie, G. N., & Hill, M. N. (2017) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.07.005 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“Within the amygdala, CB1 receptors are located on both glutamatergic and GABAergic terminals (Katona et al., 2001; Marsicano and Lutz, 1999; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001), yet CB1-mediated suppression of glutamate transmission dominates, resulting in an overall reduction in the firing activity of…”
BackgroundRole of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala in endocannabinoid-mediated stress-induced analgesia
Connell, K., Bolton, N., Olsen, D., Piomelli, D., & Hohmann, A. G. (2005) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.008 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Functional neuroanatomy of the basolateral amygdala: Neurons, neurotransmitters, and circuits
McDonald, A. J. (2020) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815134-1.00001-5 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Summers, C. H., Yaeger, J. D. W., Staton, C. D., Arendt, D. H., & Summers, T. R. (2018) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.12.036 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“Local inhibitory circuits associated with the intercalated cells and basolateral amygdala appear to play an important role regulating fear learning and extinction (Amano et al., 2010; Likhtik et al., 2008; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001; Trouche et al., 2013).”
Tan, H., Ahmad, T., Loureiro, M., Zunder, J. S., & Laviolette, S. R. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00073 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Harkany, T., Härtig, W., Berghuis, P., Dobszay, M. B., Zilberter, Y., Edwards, R. H., Mackie, K., & Ernfors, P. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02898.x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Huang, Y.-C., Wang, S., Chiou, L., & Gean, P. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-32-10311.2003 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“Although pyramidal cells exhibited weak expression of CB1 receptor mRNA and much less CB1immunoreactive boutons ( McDonald and Mascagni, 2002 ), our results show that endocannabinoids released by amphetamine are capable of inducing LTD of excitatory synaptic transmission.”
BackgroundResultNeuronal diversity of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
Beyeler, A., & Dabrowska, J. (2020) · Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815134-1.00003-9 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Post‐natal development of type 1 cannabinoid receptor immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampus
Morozov, Y. M., & Freund, T. F. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02852.x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Stress disrupts engram ensembles in lateral amygdala to generalize threat memory in mice
Lesuis, S. L., Park, S., Hoorn, A., Rashid, A. J., Mocle, A. J., Salter, E. W., Vislavski, S., Gray, M. T., Torelli, A. M., Cristofaro, A. D., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.034 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“Consistent with previous reports, 77,78 we confirmed Cnr1 expression in several brain regions, including the basal nucleus of the amygdala, cortex, CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus subfields of the dorsal hippocampus, as well as the LA (Figures 5A and 5B).”
Interneuron Types and Their Circuits in the Basolateral Amygdala
Hájos, N. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.687257 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“SST interneurons have smooth or sparsely spiny dendrites, give rise to dense local axonal arborization (Vereczki et al., 2021) and often express Calb and/or neuropeptide Y (McDonald, 1989; McDonald and Mascagni, 2002) but lack nNOS (Vereczki et al., 2021).”
BackgroundAlvarez‐Jaimes, L., Polis, I. Y., & Parsons, L. H. (2007) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301630 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“Overall, little is known regarding to the role of CB1 receptors in the PFC, NAC, and BLA in the modulation of drug-seeking behavior.”
BackgroundRamikie, T. S., & Patel, S. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.037 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“…sized CCK neurons (type L) co-expresses CB1 (100% co-expression of CB1 and CCK in L-type CCK-positive neurons), whereas only a small population of the small CCK-expressing neurons (type S) co-expresses CB1 (10–14% co-localization depending on anatomical subregion) (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
Maldonado, R. J., & Valverde, O. (2003) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2003.08.001 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Mascagni, F., & McDonald, A. J. (2006) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.10.044 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Jasnow, A. M., Ressler, K. J., Hammack, S. E., Chhatwal, J. P., & Rainnie, D. G. (2009) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.91149.2008 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“In light of the fact that CB1 receptors are expressed predominantly by CCK interneurons in the BLA (Katona et al. 2001; McDonald and Mascagni 2001b), these data would further suggest that Type I and Type II CCK interneurons may preferentially express CB1 receptors.”
BackgroundInfluentialBowers, M. E., & Ressler, K. J. (2014) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2014.225 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Intriguingly, Cnr1 shows a high degree of colocalization with CCK in the BLA at the mRNA and protein level (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001; Chhatwal et al, 2009).”
McDonald, A. J., & Mascagni, F. (2004) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20101 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Morales, M., Wang, S., Dı́az-Ruiz, O., & Jho, D. H. (2003) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.10968 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“…CB1 protein were shown to be present in GABAergic neurons distributed in different areas of the telencephalon, such as cortical areas, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and amygdala (Katona et al., 1999, 2001; Marsicano and Lutz, 1999; Tsou et al., 1999; Hajos et al., 2000; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
BackgroundCox, D. J., Racca, C., & LeBeau, F. E. N. (2008) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.21758 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“Anti-cholecystokinin antibody preadsorption with CCK-8 (25 g/ml) abolished all immunostaining in rat basolateral amygdala (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
BackgroundChegini, H., Nasehi, M., & Zarrindast, M. (2014) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.12.007 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Perra, S., Pillolla, G., Luchicchi, A., & Pistis, M. (2008) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00588.x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Malikowska‐Racia, N., & Sałat, K. (2019) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.001 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Mascagni, F., Muly, E. C., Rainnie, D. G., & McDonald, A. J. (2008) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.11.017 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Hill, M. N., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2006) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.11.010 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Sink, K. S., Segovia, K. N., Collins, L. E., Markus, E. J., Vemuri, K. V., Makriyannis, A., & Salamone, J. D. (2010) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2010.03.011 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“2009) including prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and basolateral amygdala, express a moderate to high density of CB1 receptor protein (Chhatwal et al. 2008; Herkenham et al. 1991; Katona et al. 2001; McDonald and Mascagni 2001).”
BackgroundMolecular Mechanisms of Threat Learning in the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala
Sears, R. M., Schiff, H. C., & LeDoux, J. E. (2014) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-420170-5.00010-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Dubreucq, S., Kambiré, S. J., Conforzi, M., Metna‐Laurent, M., Cannich, A., Gómez, E. S., Richard, É. M., Marsicano, G., & Chaouloff, F. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.049 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Remmers, F., Lange, M. D., Hamann, M., Ruehle, S., Pape, H., & Lutz, B. (2017) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1411-5 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“2015), therefore, might be CB1-positive as well (Marsicano and Lutz 1999; McDonald and Mascagni 2001) and thus are potentially rescued in GABA-CB1-RS mice.”
BackgroundHasanein, P., Parviz, M., Keshavarz, M., & Javanmardi, K. (2007) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04592.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“The amygdala is a forebrain structure that has a high density of CB1 receptors; that is, the cannabinoid receptor subtype predominantly found in the central nervous system (CNS).(18,19) In addition to being a key region involved in the modulation of emotional and defensive responses, the amygdala is also associated wi…”
BackgroundRostkowski, A. B., Teppen, T. L., Peterson, D. A., & Urban, J. H. (2009) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.22143 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“…based on colocalization of GABA with different calcium-binding proteins (CaBP; calretinin, CR; parvalbumin, PV; calbindin, CB) and neuropeptides (cholecystokinin, CCK; somatostatin, SOM; neuropeptide Y, NPY) (McDonald, 1985, 1997; Kemppainen and Pitkanen, 2000; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001a).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialOmiya, Y., Uchigashima, M., Konno, K., Yamasaki, M., Miyazaki, T., Yoshida, T., Kusumi, I., & Watanabe, M. (2015) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4681-14.2015 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“In the BA, cells intensely expressing CB1 mRNA are known to be CCK-positive GABAergic interneurons (Marsicano and Lutz, 1999; Katona et al., 2001; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001).”
BackgroundZhang, W., & Rosenkranz, J. A. (2016) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.33 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Basolateral amygdala CB1 cannabinoid receptors mediate nicotine-induced place preference
Hashemizadeh, S., Sardari, M., & Rezayof, A. (2014) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.010 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“Considering that CB1 receptors have predominantly expressed in the BLA (McDonald and Mascagni, 2001) and intra-BLA administration ofWIN 55,212-2 increased rewarding properties of a sub-threshold dose of nicotine (0.1 mg/kg), onemay suggest that cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the BLA have an important…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe endocannabinoid system in the amygdala and modulation of fear
Gunduz-Cinar, O. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110116 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“CB1Rs are mostly expressed on GABAergic INs that co-express the neuropeptide CCK in the amygdala (Katona et al., 2001; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001) and other brain regions (Bodor et al.”
Morphological and physiological properties of CCK/CB1R-expressing interneurons in the basal amygdala
Rovira-Esteban, L., Péterfi, Z., Vikór, A., Máté, Z., Szabó, G., & Hájos, N. (2017) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1417-z · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“These studies uncovered that the vast majority of CCK+ interneurons innervating PNs uniformly express the type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) on their boutons (Katona et al. 2001; McDonald and Mascagni 2001; Vogel et al. 2016; Barsy et al. 2016; Veres et al. 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialNECAB1 and NECAB2 are Prevalent Calcium-Binding Proteins of CB1/CCK-Positive GABAergic Interneurons
Miczán, V., Kelemen, K., Glavinics, J. R., László, Z. I., Barti, B., Kenesei, K., Kisfali, M., & Katona, I. (2020) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa326 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Ferland, J. N., Ellis, R. J., Betts, G. D., Silveira, M. M., de Firmino, J. B., Winstanley, C. A., & Hurd, Y. L. (2022) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.3915 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Rovira-Esteban, L., Gunduz‐Cinar, O., Bukalo, O., Limoges, A., Brockway, E. T., Müller, K., Fenno, L. E., Kim, Y. S., Ramakrishnan, C., Andrási, T., et al. (2019) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0220-19.2019 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Targeted neurons express functional CB1R Based on earlier reports that CCK-containing basket cells in the BA express CB1R, we next asked whether the targeted BA INs were CB1R-positive (Katona et al., 2001; McDonald and Mascagni, 2001a; Vereczki et al., 2016; Veres et al., 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialInhibitory Circuits in the Basolateral Amygdala in Aversive Learning and Memory
Perumal, M. B., & Sah, P. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.633235 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Nearly half these cells also express calbindin (McDonald and Mascagni, 2002).”
BackgroundInfluentialHarkany, T., Dobszay, M. B., Cayetanot, F., Härtig, W., Siegemund, T., Aujard, F., & Mackie, K. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.043 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Endocannabinoid signaling and memory dynamics: A synaptic perspective
Drumond, A., Madeira, N., & Fonseca, R. (2016) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.031 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
García‐Gutiérrez, M. S., & Manzanares, J. (2009) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881109106910 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“The dose of 20 mg/kg was without effects in all the brain regions examined (AMY F(3,31)¼ 28.833, p¼ 0.065; CA1 F(3,32)¼ 5.905, p¼ 0.499; CA2 F(3,33)¼ 0.764, p¼ 0.558; CA3 F(3,34)¼ 0.337, p¼ 0.815; DG F(3,30)¼ 0.074, p¼ 0.883) (Figure 2).”
BackgroundInfluentialFitzgerald, M. L., Mackie, K., & Pickel, V. M. (2019) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.24704 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“These findings are in agreement with the expression of CB1 in a subpopulation of CCKcontaining interneurons in the amygdala (McDonald & Mascagni, 2001), and are also consistent with findings in the mouse forebrain (Marsicano & Lutz, 1999).”
Result
- Authors
- McDonald, A. J., & Mascagni, F.
- Affiliations
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- McDonald, A.J
- ORCID
- McDonald, A.J
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-11
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 641-652
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034121461
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 41301, P30DK041301)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 38998)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- CB1 receptor, basolateral amygdala, cholecystokinin, interneurons, non-pyramidal neurons, axonal transport, calretinin, parvalbumin, somatostatin
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Antibody Specificity, Cholecystokinin, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Interneurons, Male, Receptors, Drug, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Microscopy, Confocal, Receptors, Cannabinoid, Rats
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