Distribution of cannabinoid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system
Abstract
CB1 cannabinoid receptors appear to mediate most, if not all of the psychoactive effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds. This G protein-coupled receptor has a characteristic distribution in the nervous system: It is particularly enriched in cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia outflow tracts, and cerebellum--a distribution that corresponds to the most prominent behavioral effects of cannabis. In addition, this distribution helps to predict neurological and psychological maladies for which manipulation of the endocannabinoid system might be beneficial. CB1 receptors are primarily expressed on neurons, where most of the receptors are found on axons and synaptic terminals, emphasizing the important role of this receptor in modulating neurotransmission at specific synapses. While our knowledge of CB1 localization in the nervous system has advanced tremendously over the past 15 years, there is still more to learn. Particularly pressing is the need for (1) detailed anatomical studies of brain regions important in the therapeutic actions of drugs that modify the endocannabinoid system and (2) the determination of the localization of the enzymes that synthesize, degrade, and transport the endocannabinoids.
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CB1R is the most densely expressed ECB receptor in the brain and is present at high levels in corticolimbic regions mediating anxiety, including the mPFC, hippocampus, and BLA.
“CB1R is the most densely expressed in the brain and is present at high levels in corticolimbic regions mediating anxiety, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus, as well as the BLA [11,14]”
From Amygdala FAAH and anandamide: mediating protection and recovery from stress (2013) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Mackie, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mackie, K.
- ORCID
- Mackie, K.
- Venue
- Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Springer-Verlag
- Published
- 2005-12-23
- Issue
- 168
- Pages
- 299-325
- OpenAlex
- W2149183149
- Cited by
- 744
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 26.30
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA00286, DA11322, R01DA011322, K02DA000286)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- CB1 receptor, cannabinoid receptors, endocannabinoid system, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, G protein-coupled receptors, receptor distribution, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum, basal ganglia, neurotransmission
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoradiography, Central Nervous System, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Situ Hybridization, Peripheral Nervous System, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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