Oxidative stress in athletes during extreme endurance exercise
Abstract
Despite the many known health benefits of exercise, there is a body of evidence suggesting that endurance exercise is associated with oxidative stress. To determine whether extreme endurance exercise induces lipid peroxidation, 11 athletes (3 females, 8 males) were studied during a 50 km ultramarathon (trial 1) and during a sedentary protocol (trial 2) 1 month later. The evening before each trial, with dinner, subjects consumed 75 mg each d(3)-RRR and d(6)-all rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetates. Blood was obtained at baseline, 30 min pre-race, mid-race, post-race, 1 h post-race, 24 h post-race, and at corresponding times during trial 2. All 11 subjects completed the race; average run time was 391 +/- 23 min. Plasma F(2)-isoprostanes increased from 75 +/- 7 pg/ml at pre-race to 131 +/- 17 (p <.02) at post-race, then returned to baseline at 24 h post-race; F(2)-isoprostanes were unchanged during trial 2. Deuterated alpha-tocopherol disappearance rates were faster (2.8 x 10(-4) +/- 0.2 x 10(-4)) during the race compared to the sedentary trial (2.3 x 10(-4) +/- 0.2 x 10(-4); p <.03). These data suggest that extreme endurance exercise results in the generation of lipid peroxidation with a concomitant increase in vitamin E disappearance.
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Moderate levels of exercise enforce the human body's antioxidant defense system, but extreme levels lead to generation of more ROS than the antioxidant system can defend against, allowing accumulation as oxidative stress.
“Moderate levels of exercise enforce the human body's antioxidant defense system, but extreme levels of exercise lead to the generation of more ROS than the antioxidant system can defend against, thereby allowing their accumulation as oxidative stress (Mastaloudis et al., 2001).”
From Exercise-Mediated Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus via BDNF (2018) · cites this paper as Mastaloudis et al., 2001
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- Authors
- Mastaloudis, A., Leonard, S. W., & Traber, M. G.
- Affiliations
- Oregon State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mastaloudis, Angela
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-10
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 911-922
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2033882509
- Cited by
- 352
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 13.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES-00-210, P30ES000210, R03ES011536)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- oxidative stress, endurance exercise, ultramarathon, lipid peroxidation, F2-isoprostanes, vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol, athletes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ascorbic Acid, Female, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Endurance, Sports, Uric Acid, Vitamin E, Lipid Peroxidation, Exercise, Oxidative Stress, F2-Isoprostanes
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