Time course of changes in inflammatory markers during a 6-mo exercise intervention in sedentary middle-aged men: a randomized-controlled trial
Abstract
Regular exercise may improve systemic markers of chronic inflammation, but direct evidence and dose-response information is lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the effect and time course of changes in markers of chronic inflammation in response to progressive exercise training (and subsequent detraining). Forty-one sedentary men 45–64 yr of age completed either a progressive 24-wk exercise intervention or control followed by short-term removal of the intervention (2-wk detraining). Serum IL-6 fell by −0.4 pg/ml (SD 0.6) after 12 wk and responded to moderate-intensity exercise. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity fell −7 U/l (SD 11) at 24 wk although there was no evidence of any change by week 12 (and therefore ALT required more vigorous-intensity activity and/or a more prolonged intervention). The effect on IL-6 was lost after 2-wk detraining whereas the change in ALT was retained. The temporal fall and rise in IL-6 with training and subsequent detraining in men with high IL-6 at baseline provided a retrospective opportunity to examine parallel genomic changes in peripheral mononuclear cells. A subset of 53 probes was differentially regulated by at least twofold after training with 31 of these changes being lost after detraining ( n = 6). IL-6 responded quickly to the carefully monitored exercise intervention (within weeks) and required only moderate-intensity exercise, whereas ALT took longer to change and/or required more vigorous-intensity exercise. Further work is required to determine whether any of the genes that temporally changed in parallel with changes in IL-6 are a cause or consequence of this response.
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With chronic studies, measurements should be made 36-48 h after a final bout of exercise to avoid capturing changes induced by acute exercise.
“With chronic studies, measurements should be made 36–48 h after a final bout of exercise to avoid capturing changes induced by acute exercise (Thompson et al. 2010).”
From Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime “dose” of exercise? (2016) · cites this paper as Thompson et al. 2010
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- Authors
- Thompson, D., Markovitch, D., Betts, J. A., Mazzatti, D., Turner, J., & Tyrrell, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bath (GB)
- School for Health and
- Unilever (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Thompson, Dylan
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 769-779
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2064048817
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 9.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (PG/04/124/17944)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- chronic inflammation, exercise training, detraining, interleukin-6, alanine aminotransferase, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, gene expression, moderate-intensity exercise, high-intensity exercise, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Alanine Transaminase, Cell Count, Chronic Disease, Exercise Therapy, Hematologic Tests, Humans, Inflammation, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Male, Middle Aged, Biomarkers, Exercise, Interleukin-6, Gene Expression, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Sedentary Behavior
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