Epileptic activity in Alzheimer’s disease: Causes and clinical relevance
Open accessAbstract
Epileptic activity is frequently associated with Alzheimer's disease; this association has therapeutic implications, because epileptic activity can occur at early disease stages and might contribute to pathogenesis. In clinical practice, seizures in patients with Alzheimer's disease can easily go unrecognised because they usually present as non-motor seizures, and can overlap with other symptoms of the disease. In patients with Alzheimer's disease, seizures can hasten cognitive decline, highlighting the clinical relevance of early recognition and treatment. Some evidence indicates that subclinical epileptiform activity in patients with Alzheimer's disease, detected by extended neurophysiological monitoring, can also lead to accelerated cognitive decline. Treatment of clinical seizures in patients with Alzheimer's disease with select antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), in low doses, is usually well tolerated and efficacious. Moreover, studies in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease suggest that certain classes of AEDs that reduce network hyperexcitability have disease-modifying properties. These AEDs target mechanisms of epileptogenesis involving amyloid β and tau. Clinical trials targeting network hyperexcitability in patients with Alzheimer's disease will identify whether AEDs or related strategies could improve their cognitive symptoms or slow decline.
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Cognitive decline is accelerated in patients who have both Alzheimer's disease and seizures compared to those with only Alzheimer's disease.
“Cognitive decline is also accelerated in patients who have both AD and seizures compared to those with only AD (Vossel et al., 2017), suggesting that pathological tau and seizures can synergistically worsen cognitive outcomes.”
From Tauopathy and Epilepsy Comorbidities and Underlying Mechanisms (2022) · cites this paper as Vossel et al., 2017
The Risk of seizures in Alzheimer’s disease section reports that patients with advanced Alzheimer’s disease who developed seizures had faster declines in language scores over 12 months than severity-matched patients without seizures. The Conclusions section says patients with Alzheimer’s disease and seizures *can* show accelerated cognitive decline. The claim presents that qualified finding as a general outcome for patients with both conditions. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSeizures are a prevalent feature in Alzheimer's disease patients, with 10-22% displaying unprovoked seizures and 22-54% showing subclinical epileptic activity.
“seizures have emerged as a prevalent feature in AD patients, with 10-22% displaying unprovoked seizures and 22-54% showing subclinical epileptic activity (Vossel et al., 2017).”
From APOE4 reduces hippocampal expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and sodium potassium pump to enhance seizure susceptibility in mice (2026) · cites this paper as Vossel et al., 2017
The “Risk of seizures in Alzheimer’s disease” section reports unprovoked seizures in 10–22% of patients. The “Subclinical and interictal epileptiform activity” section reports varying estimates, including 42% in one monitored cohort, but does not give the claimed 22–54% range. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA strong link between APOE4 and seizure risk has been well established.
“A strong link between APOE4 and seizure risk has been well established (Sen et al., 2018; Tai et al., 2023; Vossel et al., 2017)”
From APOE4 reduces hippocampal expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and sodium potassium pump to enhance seizure susceptibility in mice (2026) · cites this paper as Vossel et al., 2017
The “Seizures in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease” section reports that apolipoprotein E4 contributes to hippocampal overexcitation in mice. That supports a possible mechanism related to seizures, but the paper does not establish a strong link between APOE4 and seizure risk, particularly in people. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSeizures are more frequent in aged people with AD than in those without dementia.
“Furthermore, seizures are more frequent in aged people with AD than in those without dementia [109].”
From Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Beyond Symptomatic Therapies (2023) · cites this paper as [109]
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- Authors
- Vossel, K. A., Tartaglia, M. C., Nygaard, H. B., Zeman, A. Z., & Miller, B. L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Vossel, Keith A
- Venue
- The Lancet Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 311-322
- ISSN
- 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5973551
- OpenAlex
- W2599512437
- Cited by
- 590
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 76 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 10
- FWCI
- 6.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (K23AG038357, P01AG019724, P50AG023501)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, epileptic activity, seizures, cognitive decline, antiepileptic drugs, network hyperexcitability, epileptogenesis, amyloid-beta, tau protein, disease-modifying therapy, mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Anticonvulsants, Epilepsy, Humans
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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