Soluble Oligomers of Amyloid β Protein Facilitate Hippocampal Long-Term Depression by Disrupting Neuronal Glutamate Uptake
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In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the impairment of declarative memory coincides with the accumulation of extracellular amyloid-beta protein (Abeta) and intraneuronal tau aggregates. Dementia severity correlates with decreased synapse density in hippocampus and cortex. Although numerous studies show that soluble Abeta oligomers inhibit hippocampal long-term potentiation, their role in long-term synaptic depression (LTD) remains unclear. Here, we report that soluble Abeta oligomers from several sources (synthetic, cell culture, human brain extracts) facilitated electrically evoked LTD in the CA1 region. Abeta-enhanced LTD was mediated by mGluR or NMDAR activity. Both forms of LTD were prevented by an extracellular glutamate scavenger system. Abeta-facilitated LTD was mimicked by the glutamate reuptake inhibitor TBOA, including a shared dependence on extracellular calcium levels and activation of PP2B and GSK-3 signaling. In accord, synaptic glutamate uptake was significantly decreased by soluble Abeta. We conclude that soluble Abeta oligomers perturb synaptic plasticity by altering glutamate recycling at the synapse and promoting synapse depression.
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Amyloid beta 42 oligomers contribute to synaptic dysfunction and impair learning and memory.
“Aβ42 oligomers contribute to this synaptic dysfunction, impairing learning and memory31.”
From Oxidative stress, dysfunctional glucose metabolism and Alzheimer disease (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
The Results show that synthetic Aβ1-42 and other soluble Aβ preparations disrupt hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and the paper describes long-term potentiation as a correlate of learning and memory. It does not directly show that Aβ42 oligomers impair learning or memory; that part of the claim goes beyond the outcomes reported here. The indexed passages provide section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe altered cognitive functions in Alzheimer disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment mainly arise from synaptic dysfunction linked to altered synaptic proteomes.
“In both conditions, these altered functions largely originate from synaptic dysfunction relating to altered synaptic proteomes31,32.”
From Oxidative stress, dysfunctional glucose metabolism and Alzheimer disease (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
The Abstract (page not provided) links Alzheimer’s disease to memory impairment and reports that dementia severity correlates with decreased synapse density; it also describes Aβ-induced disruption of synaptic plasticity. The copy does not establish that synaptic dysfunction is the main cause of cognitive changes in both Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment, or link those changes to altered synaptic proteomes. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAβ-mediated disruptions of glutamate uptake, glutamate release and GABAergic inhibition could explain the hyperexcitability of neurons near Aβ deposits.
“This could be explained by Aβ -mediated disruptions of glutamate uptake 108 , glutamate release 109 and GABAergic inhibition 110 .”
From Astrocyte function from information processing to cognition and cognitive impairment (2019) · cites this paper as [108]
Both synthetic oAβ and AD brain-derived Aβ can enhance NMDAR-dependent LTD.
“In addition, both synthetic oAβ and AD brain-derived Aβ can enhance NMDAR-dependent LTD [66, 67].”
From Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2020) · cites this paper as [66]
Long-term depression induced by Aβ oligomers in hippocampal CA1 requires calcineurin activity.
“Long-term depression induced by Aβ oligomers in hippocampal CA1 requires calcineurin activity, evidence that aberrant molecular changes in Alzheimer’s disease also give rise to functional deficits74.”
From Dendritic spine pathology in neuropsychiatric disorders (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
Calcineurin is a calcium-sensitive phosphatase involved in synaptic plasticity whose activation leads to synaptic weakening, and Alzheimer's disease-related pathology increases activation of GSK-3β.
“Calcineurin (CaN or PP2B) is a calcium-sensitive phosphatase involved in synaptic plasticity whose activation leads to synaptic weakening and Alzheimer’s disease–related pathology has been shown to increase activation of GSK-3β, a downstream effector molecule of calcineurin74,75.”
From Dendritic spine pathology in neuropsychiatric disorders (2011) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Li, S., Hong, S., Shepardson, N. E., Walsh, D. M., Shankar, G. M., & Selkoe, D.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- University College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Selkoe, Dennis
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 788-801
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2702854
- OpenAlex
- W2082151254
- Cited by
- 972
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 76
- FWCI
- 43.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG027443, R01AG027443)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- amyloid-beta oligomers, soluble amyloid-beta, long-term depression, hippocampus, CA1, glutamate uptake, glutamate recycling, metabotropic glutamate receptors, NMDA receptor, TBOA, calcineurin, glycogen synthase kinase-3, synaptic plasticity, Alzheimer's disease, synaptic loss, extracellular calcium
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bicuculline, Biophysics, Calcium, Cricetulus, Drug Interactions, Electric Stimulation, Enzyme Inhibitors, Cricetinae, Hippocampus, Humans, Neurons, Peptide Fragments, Ryanodine, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Amyloid beta-Peptides, CHO Cells, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Glutamic Acid, GABA Antagonists, Long-Term Synaptic Depression, Extracellular Fluid, Mice, In Vitro Techniques
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