Functions of human DNA polymerases η, κ and ι suggested by their properties, including fidelity with undamaged DNA templates
Abstract
Human DNA polymerases eta, kappa and iota are template-dependent, Y-family DNA polymerases that have been implicated in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) in human cells. Here, we briefly review evidence that these exonuclease-deficient polymerases copy undamaged DNA with very low fidelity and unusual error specificity. Based on the base substitution specificity and other biochemical properties of DNA polymerases eta and iota, we consider the possibility that they participate in specialized DNA transactions that repair damaged DNA and/or generate mutations in the variable regions of immunoglobulin genes.
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Translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases copy past lesions in DNA that block the major replicative polymerases.
“Translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases copy past lesions in DNA that block the major replicative polymerases (7)(8)(9)(10)(11).”
From DNA Replication Fidelity (2004) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- Kunkel, T. A., Pavlov, Y. I., & Bebenek, K.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kunkel, Thomas A
- Venue
- DNA Repair
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-02
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 135-149
- ISSN
- 1568-7856 (ISSN-L)
- 1568-7864
- OpenAlex
- W2078840215
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- DNA repair (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Francis Crick Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Keywords
- DNA polymerase eta, DNA polymerase kappa, DNA polymerase iota, Y-family DNA polymerases, translesion synthesis, DNA replication fidelity, immunoglobulin gene rearrangement
- MeSH terms
- DNA Polymerase iota, Y-Family DNA Polymerases, DNA, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Humans, Immunoglobulins, Mutation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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