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Cited by 259Nutritional Studies and DietCardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsAcute Ischemic Stroke Management

Fruits and Vegetables Consumption and Risk of Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Hu, Dan, Huang, Junqian, Wang, Yuchun, Zhang, Dongfeng, Qu, Yan·2014·Stroke
DOI 10.1161/strokeaha.114.004836
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Abstract

Background and Purpose—: We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize evidence from prospective cohort studies about the association of fruits and vegetables consumption with the risk of stroke. Methods—: Pertinent studies were identified by a search of Embase and PubMed databases to January 2014. Study-specific relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were pooled using a random-effects model. Dose–response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline. Results—: Twenty prospective cohort studies were included, involving 16 981 stroke events among 760 629 participants. The multivariable relative risk (95% confidence intervals) of stroke for the highest versus lowest category of total fruits and vegetables consumption was 0.79 (0.75–0.84), and the effect was 0.77 (0.71–0.84) for fruits consumption and 0.86 (0.79–0.93) for vegetables consumption. Subgroup and meta-regression showed that the inverse association of total fruits and vegetables consumption with the risk of stroke was consistent in subgroup analysis. Citrus fruits, apples/pears, and leafy vegetables might contribute to the protection. The linear dose–response relationship showed that the risk of stroke decreased by 32% (0.68 [0.56–0.82]) and 11% (0.89 [0.81–0.98]) for every 200 g per day increment in fruits consumption ( P for nonlinearity=0.77) and vegetables consumption ( P for nonlinearity=0.62), respectively. Conclusions—: Fruits and vegetables consumption are inversely associated with the risk of stroke.

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  • Large global studies and systematic reviews generally support a protective role of fruits and vegetables against CVD.

    “Large global studies and systematic reviews of prospective cohorts generally support a protective role of fruits and vegetables against CVD (244–246).”

    From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [245]

  • In a meta-analysis of 20 prospective cohort studies, fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with decreased stroke risk (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.75-0.84), as were fruits (RR 0.77) and vegetables (RR 0.86) separately.

    “A meta-analysis of 20 prospective cohort studies (16,981 stroke events) found that fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with decreased stroke risk (RR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.75–0.84 for highest vs. lowest categories), as were fruits (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71–0.84) and vegetables (RR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.79–0.93) separately (245).”

    From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [245]

  • Meta-analyses of observational studies demonstrate associations between higher vegetable consumption and reduced risk of stroke, dementia and cognitive decline, and various cancers, though evidence for cancers is inconsistent.

    “Meta-analyses of observational studies demonstrate associations between a higher vegetable consumption and reduced risk of stroke [ 6 ], dementia and cognitive decline [ 12 ], and from various cancers [ 14 , 15 , 35 , 51 , 52 ], although again the evidence for cancers is inconsistent.”

    From Increasing vegetable intakes: rationale and systematic review of published interventions (2016) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Hu, D., Huang, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, D., & Qu, Y.
Affiliations
Qingdao University (CN)
ORCID
Venue
Stroke
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2014-06
Volume
45
Issue
6
Pages
1613-1619
ISSN
  • 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4628
DOI
10.1161/strokeaha.114.004836
OpenAlex
W2152513436
Cited by
258
References
96
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 3
FWCI
25.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Stroke (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
Keywords
fruits and vegetables, stroke risk, dietary intake, citrus fruit, leafy vegetables, dose-response relationship, stroke prevention
MeSH terms
Female, Fruit, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Vegetables, Cohort Studies, Stroke

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