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DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Open accessAbstract
Background: Little is known about the prevalence or correlates of DSM-IV pathological gambling (PG). Method: Data from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), a nationally representative US household survey, were used to assess lifetime gambling symptoms and PG along with other DSM-IV disorders. Age of onset (AOO) of each lifetime disorder was assessed retrospectively. AOO reports were used to study associations between temporally primary disorders and the subsequent risk of secondary disorders. Results: Most respondents (78.4%) reported lifetime gambling. Lifetime problem gambling (at least one Criterion A symptom of PG) (2.3%) and PG (0.6%) were much less common. PG was significantly associated with being young, male, and Non-Hispanic Black. People with PG reported first gambling significantly earlier than non-problem gamblers (mean age 16.7 v . 23.9 years, z =12.7, p <0.001), with gambling problems typically beginning during the mid-20s and persisting for an average of 9.4 years. During this time the largest annual gambling losses averaged US$4800. Onset and persistence of PG were predicted by a variety of prior DSM-IV anxiety, mood, impulse-control and substance use disorders. PG also predicted the subsequent onset of generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance dependence. Although none of the NCS-R respondents with PG ever received treatment for gambling problems, 49.0% were treated at some time for other mental disorders. Conclusions: DSM-IV PG is a comparatively rare, seriously impairing, and undertreated disorder whose symptoms typically start during early adulthood and is frequently secondary to other mental or substance disorders that are associated with both PG onset and persistence.
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In the citing paper
“Epidemiological research indicates that over 50% of PGs have a lifetime mood disorder, over 40% have a lifetime anxiety disorder, and about 23% have ASPD (Kessler et al. 2008; Petry, Stinson & Grant, 2005).”
From Subtyping Pathological Gamblers Based on Impulsivity, Depression, and Anxiety (2010) · cites this paper as Kessler et al. 2008
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Gambling disorder often co-occurs with psychiatric disorders, particularly substance use and anxiety disorders (el-Guebaly et al., 2006; Kessler et al., 2008; Lorains, Cowlishaw, & Thomas, 2011; Parhami, Mojtabai, Rosenthal, Afifi, & Fong, 2014).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Kessler et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“For gambling disorder and substance use disorders, it appears this relationship is bi-directional, as the presence of one of either of these conditions often predicts the onset of the other (Afifi, Nicholson, Martins, & Sareen, 2016; Kessler et al., 2008).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Kessler et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Approximately 37% (range: 14.0% −60.3%) of subthreshold and clinical gamblers suffer from an anxiety disorder (Kessler et al., 2008; Lorains et al., 2011; Petry et al., 2005)”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Kessler et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Anxiety disorders, however, often precede the onset of gambling disorder or substance use disorders (Blanco et al., 2015; Kausch, Rugle, & Rowland, 2006; Kessler et al., 2008).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Kessler et al., 2008
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Self-citationDisordered gambling among higher-frequency gamblers: Who is at risk?
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“The strongest association was found for substance use disorders (Kessler et al., 2008).”
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“There is a high rate of comorbidity between pathological gambling and mood disorders (Kim et al., 2006; Kessler et al., 2008).”
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Planzer, S., Gray, H. M., & Shaffer, H. J. (2013) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2013.11.002 · Cited by 70
“, 2003; Vance, Maes, & Kendler, 2010); the behaviour of the peer-group (Christiansen, Vik, & Jarchow, 2002; Robins, 1993; Wechsler, Davenport, Dowdall, Grossman, & Zanakos, 1997); socio-economic factors, such as education and income (Cunningham-Williams, Cottler, & Womack, 2004; Whelan, Steenbergh, & Meyers, 2007); ag…”
BackgroundSelf-citationLuczak, S. E., Khoddam, R., Yu, S., Wall, T. L., Schwartz, A., & Sussman, S. Y. (2016) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/ajad.12464 · Cited by 69
“4 times more likely to have pathological gambling than non-Hispanic Whites.(57) Data from a community sample of 718 Native American and 510 Hispanic veterans in the southwest and north central regions of the US estimated a lifetime prevalence of DSM-IV pathological gambling as 9.”
InfluentialComorbid Problem Gambling and Major Depression in a Community Sample
Quigley, L., Yakovenko, I., Hodgins, D. C., Dobson, K. S., el‐Guebaly, N., Casey, D. M., Currie, S. R., Smith, G. J., Williams, R. J., & Schopflocher, D. (2014) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-014-9488-8 · Cited by 76
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“We identified five studies using formal diagnostic criteria for both gambling disorder and ADHD (Black et al. 2015; Dannon et al. 2006; Kerber et al. 2008; Kessler et al. 2008; Specker et al. 1995) (Table 2).”
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“Likewise, findings from the National Comorbidity Survey showed that DSM-IV pathological gambling was significantly associated with being in the younger adult cohort, being male, being non-Hispanic black and having less than a college education.(4) Past national surveys have not contributed much Native Americanspecific…”
The Longitudinal Relationships Between Psychiatric Disorders and Gambling Disorders
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“…both in clinical (Delfabbro 2011; Dowling et al. 2015; Ibáñez et al. 2001; Petry 2005; Soberay et al. 2014; Zimmerman et al. 2006), large scale community (Haw 2009; Nower et al. 2004a) and population studies (Desai and Potenza 2008; Kessler et al. 2008; Petry et al. 2005; Pietrzak et al. 2007).”
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“Gambling disorder often co-occurs with psychiatric disorders, particularly substance use and anxiety disorders (el-Guebaly et al., 2006; Kessler et al., 2008; Lorains, Cowlishaw, & Thomas, 2011; Parhami, Mojtabai, Rosenthal, Afifi, & Fong, 2014).”
InfluentialChallenges in the Conceptualisation and Measurement of Gambling-Related Harm
Delfabbro, P., & King, D. L. (2019) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-019-09844-1 · Cited by 69
Sundqvist, K., & Rosendahl, I. K. (2019) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-019-09851-2 · Cited by 67
“When comparing problem gamblers with non-gamblers, the risk of having a diagnosis of substance use disorder in their lifetimes has been found to be between 5 to 6 times higher for problem gamblers, compared to non-gamblers (Kessler et al. 2008; Petry et al. 2005).”
Problem Gambling of Chinese College Students: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior
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“Blaszczynski and Nower 2002; Griffiths and Delfabbro 2001; Raylu and Oei 2002).”
BackgroundVideo Game Addiction in Gambling Disorder: Clinical, Psychopathological, and Personality Correlates
Jiménez‐Múrcia, S., Fernández‐Aranda, F., Granero, R., Montañés, M. C., Verde, M., Aguglia, E., Signorelli, M. S., Sá, G. M., Aymamí, N., Gómez‐Peña, M., et al. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/315062 · Cited by 65
“In addition, both disorders have been associated with psychopathology such as depression, anxiety, and impulse-control disorders [6, 11, 23] and with dysfunctional personality traits such as high impulsivity and sensation seeking, neuroticism, introversion, and hostility [11, 24, 25].”
BackgroundPrevalence and correlates of problem gambling in people with psychotic disorders
Haydock, M., Cowlishaw, S., Harvey, C. A., & Castle, D. J. (2015) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.01.003 · Cited by 65
“These findings contrast with studies of community samples that have reported consistent links between gambling problems and mood disorders [29] and poor physical health [4,36].”
ResultThe Cambridge Handbook of Substance and Behavioral Addictions
Sussman, S. Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591 · Cited by 64
Problem Gambling and Homelessness: Results from an Epidemiologic Study
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“Does exposure to childhood abuse and trauma lead to the emergence of PTSD and concomitant ASPD behaviors, which, in turn, result in problem gambling, which contributes to homelessness?”
BackgroundInfluentialPsychosocial Stress and Its Relationship to Gambling Urges in Individuals with Pathological Gambling
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“For example, prior research has shown that most individuals who gamble do not develop DG (Petry et al. 2005 ; Kessler et al. 2008), suggesting that the determinants of gambling initiation differ from those of progression to DG.”
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Internet Gamblers: A Latent Class Analysis of Their Behaviours and Health Experiences
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“2007), alcohol dependence and substance abuse (Kessler et al. 2008), as well as increased suicide ideation and attempts that are most frequently attributed to mood related, comorbid illnesses (Hodgins et al.”
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“In a 1999 Australian national survey, 0.41% of adults reported that they had played Internet casino games in the past year, similar to 0.55% of twins from the OZ-GAM surveyed in 2004–2007 (not shown in Kessler et al., 2008).”
InfluentialLate-onset pathological gambling: Clinical correlates and gender differences
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“Age of disease onset in PG varies significantly, with many individuals having onset during childhood and adolescence and others in various stages of adulthood (Lynch et al., 2004; Burge et al., 2006; Kessler et al., 2008).”
BackgroundGambling among European professional athletes. Prevalence and associated factors
Grall‐Bronnec, M., Caillon, J., Humeau, É., Perrot, B., Remaud, M., Guilleux, A., Rocher, B., Sauvaget, A., & Challet‐Bouju, G. (2016) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1080/10550887.2016.1177807 · Cited by 62
Predictors of Outcome among Pathological Gamblers Receiving Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy
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Problem gambling and the five‐factor model of personality: a large population‐based study
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“PGD had been reported to be strongly associated with diagnoses of personality disorders, bipolar disorders, substance-use disorders and panic disorders (Petry et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 2008).”
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“Nevertheless, and in line with several studies showing a greater emotional instability and psychopathology in women (Kessler et al. 2008), there are more females than males who present psychological distress among PG.”
ResultFinancial Literacy and Gambling Behavior: Evidence from Japan
Watanapongvanich, S., Binnagan, P., Putthinun, P., Khan, M. S. R., & Kadoya, Y. (2020) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-020-09936-3 · Cited by 60
Attenuated Directed Exploration during Reinforcement Learning in Gambling Disorder
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“In a cross-sectional study where the age of onset for disorders was self-reported, problem gambling was associated with the subsequent onset of bipolar disorder, PTSD, alcohol or drug dependence, and nicotine dependence (Kessler et al., 2008).”
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Validation of the Gambling Motives Questionnaire in Emerging Adults
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An analysis of problem gambling among the Finnish working-age population: a population survey
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“This finding is in line with earlier studies both nationally [5-7,21] and internationally [22-24].”
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Granero, R., Penelo, E., Stinchfield, R. D., Fernández‐Aranda, F., Savvidou, L. G., Fröberg, F., Aymamí, N., Gómez‐Peña, M., Pérez-Serrano, M., del Pino‐Gutiérrez, A., et al. (2013) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-013-9369-6 · Cited by 58
“Several studies point out that in some individuals gambling could act as a regulator of negative emotions (Atkinson et al. 2012), indicating that if so, the psychopathological alterations should preexist the development of problematic gambling (Kessler et al. 2008).”
BackgroundRumpf, H., Brandt, D. M., Demetrovics, Z., Billieux, J., Carragher, N., Brand, M., Bowden‐Jones, H., Rahimi‐Movaghar, A., Assanangkornchai, S., Tkalić, R. G., et al. (2019) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-019-00262-2 · Cited by 72
Pathological gambling and the DSM-V
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“…body of literature demonstrating high rates of comorbidity between substance use disorders and pathological gambling (Petry, Stinson & Grant, 2005; Kessler et al., 2008), similarities in some symptom presentations (Petry, 2006), some potential parallel biological dysfunction (Potenza et al.,…”
BackgroundTowards a comprehensive developmental model of pathological gambling
Blanco, C., Hanania, J., Petry, N. M., Wall, M. M., Wang, S., Jin, C. J., & Kendler, K. S. (2015) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12946 · Cited by 57
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“There are high rates of gambling problems in individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) (Oleski et al., 2011) and of SUDs in pathological gamblers (Lorains et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialSlutske, W. S., Piasecki, T. M., Deutsch, A. R., Statham, D. J., & Martin, N. G. (2014) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12717 · Cited by 60
“Building on previous research demonstrating that an early age of gambling initiation [17–19], type of gambling activity [20] and co-occurring psychiatric disorder [18,20,21] are associated with an increased risk of developing DG, we also examined whether these factors would predict a shorter time to the onset of gambl…”
Medeiros, G. C., Leppink, E. W., Yaemi, A., Mariani, M., Tavares, H., & Grant, J. E. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.032 · Cited by 56
Problematisches und pathologisches Spielverhalten bei Glücksspielen
Meyer, G., & Hayer, T. (2010) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-010-1039-6 · Cited by 55
Blanco, C., García‐Anaya, M., Wall, M. M., Cobos, J. P. D. L., Swierad, E., Wang, S., & Petry, N. M. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.018 · Cited by 54
Suicidal events among pathological gamblers: The role of comorbidity of axis I and axis II disorders
Bischof, A., Meyer, C., Bischof, G., John, U., Wurst, F. M., Thon, N., Lucht, M. J., Grabe, H. J., & Rumpf, H. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.074 · Cited by 54
“, 2014) and on the association of pathological gambling and comorbidity (Petry et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 2008; Bischof et al., 2013) the association of suicidal events and treatment utilization may be explained by more awareness or by an increased impairment.”
BackgroundBarnes, G. M., Welte, J. W., Hoffman, J. H., & Tidwell, M. O. (2011) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00116.x · Cited by 56
The blurred future of adolescent gamblers: Impulsivity, time horizon, and emotional distress
Nigro, G., Cosenza, M., & Ciccarelli, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00486 · Cited by 52
“These findings further support previous research reporting a stronger association between gambling severity and both depression and anxiety disorders in women than in men (Getty et al., 2000; Petry et al., 2005; SteMarie et al., 2006; Kessler et al., 2008; e.g., Desai and Potenza, 2008; Williams et al., 2012; see also…”
ResultBalodis, I., Linnet, J., Arshad, F., Worhunsky, P., Stevens, M., Pearlson, G., & Potenza, M. (2018) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459795.2018.1469658 · Cited by 52
“Co-occurring disorders are common in GD, with over 95% of individuals estimated to have one or more co-occurring disorders (Kessler et al. 2008).”
BackgroundCharacteristics of Treatment Seeking Problem Gamblers with Adult ADHD
Reid, R. C., Campos, M. D., Selochan, N., & FONG, T. W. (2018) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-018-9986-5 · Cited by 53
Gendered gambling domains and changes in Sweden
Svensson, J., Romild, U. K., Nordenmark, M., & Månsdotter, A. (2011) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459795.2011.581676 · Cited by 52
“This is consistent with both Swedish and international findings (Bonke & Borregaard, 2009; Kessler et al., 2008; Rönnberg et al., 2000; Taloustutkimus Oy, 2007; Wardle et al., 2007; Wiebe, Mun & Kauffman, 2006; Volberg, Nysse-Carris & Gerstein, 2006).”
ResultCommunity College and University Student Gambling Beliefs, Motives, and Behaviors
Sherba, R. T., & Gersper, B. E. (2016) · Community College Journal of Research and Practice · doi:10.1080/10668926.2016.1233142 · Cited by 51
“Similar studies found: over a quarter of student gamblers reported being depressed for two or more weeks during the past year (Atkinson, Sharp, Schmitz, & Yaroslavsky, 2012); almost 40% of pathological gamblers in a large national sample reported a comorbid diagnosis of major depressive disorder or dysthymia (Kessler…”
BackgroundResultImpulse control disorders in Parkinson’ disease: the role of personality and cognitive status
Poletti, M., & Bonuccelli, U. (2012) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-012-6506-6 · Cited by 51
“For example, pathological gamblers are four times more likely than non-pathological gamblers to experience a mood disorder in their lifetime and three times more likely to have had an anxiety disorder [51]; moreover, 50 % of pathological gamblers have had a mood disorder and 41 % have had an anxiety disorder [52].”
BackgroundDecision-Making Styles, Negative Affectivity, and Cognitive Distortions in Adolescent Gambling
Cosenza, M., Ciccarelli, M., & Nigro, G. (2019) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-018-9790-y · Cited by 49
Lee, G. P., Ghandour, L. A., Takache, A. H., & Martins, S. S. (2014) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12101.x · Cited by 50
“The current study also lacked data on mental health, which could possibly have confounded some findings specific to probable pathological gamblers who tend to report poor mental health.(34) Potential recall bias may have resulted due to the use of self‐report lifetime measures of gambling; however, the use of an anony…”
BackgroundLobo, D., Aleksandrova, L., Knight, J., Casey, D., el-Guebaly, N., Nobrega, J., & Kennedy, J. (2014) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2014.113 · Cited by 56
“While our study did not address functional mechanisms, it is conceivable that the decreased Drd3 gene expression observed in our animals reflects: (1) a compensatory mechanism for increased DA release, or (2) a vulnerability mechanism in which decreased availability of D3 receptors (which act as autoreceptors in the n…”
van den Bos, R., Davies, W., Dellu-Hagedorn, F., Goudriaan, A. E., Granon, S., Homberg, J. R., Rivalan, M., Swendsen, J. D., & Adriani, W. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.07.005 · Cited by 57
Alexithymia and Pathological Gambling: The Mediating Role of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation
Elmas, H. G., Cesur, G., & Oral, E. (2016) · Turkish Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5080/u13779 · Cited by 50
“In addition to this, there are further research studies indicating lower educational level as a risk factor for pathological gambling (Myrseth et al. 2009, Kessler et al. 2008).”
BackgroundWhiting, S. W., Potenza, M. N., Park, C. L., McKee, S. A., Mazure, C. M., & Hoff, R. A. (2016) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.5.2016.027 · Cited by 50
Bormann, N. L., Allen, J., Shaw, M. C., & Black, D. W. (2019) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-019-09857-w · Cited by 49
Reed, D. D., Naudé, G. P., Gelino, B. W., & Amlung, M. T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.011 · Cited by 48
Commonalities in the Psychological Factors Associated with Problem Gambling and Internet Dependence
Dowling, N. A., & Brown, M. (2010) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2009.0317 · Cited by 49
“This finding, which contrasts with a generally consistent literature 6,8 may be due to the small sample of individuals classified as problem gamblers in this study.”
Tull, M. T., Hahn, K. S., Evans, S. D., Salters‐Pedneault, K., & Gratz, K. L. (2011) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2010.515187 · Cited by 52
“(Kessler et al., 2008), binge eating (Brewerton, 2007), and rumination (Michael, Halligan,”
BackgroundMathieu, S., Barrault, S., Brunault, P., & Varescon, I. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238978 · Cited by 51
Carbonneau, R., Vitaro, F., Brendgen, M. R., & Tremblay, R. E. (2015) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13083 · Cited by 52
Rates and Correlates of Pathological Gambling Among VA Mental Health Service Users
Edens, E. L., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2011) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-011-9239-z · Cited by 48
“That this was found in a psychiatrically-ill population only adds import, given repeated demonstration that PG is highly comorbid with mental health problems (Cunningham-Williams et al. 1998; Desai and Potenza 2008; Kessler et al. 2008; Petry et al. 2005) and suicidal behavior ( Kausch 2003 ).”
BackgroundParhami, I., Siani, A., Rosenthal, R. J., & FONG, T. W. (2012) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-012-9299-8 · Cited by 48
“Variables Gambling pathology was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (Kessler and Merikangas 2004; Kessler and Üstün 2004).”
MethodPathological Gambling Associated With Aripiprazole or Dopamine Replacement Therapy
Grall‐Bronnec, M., Sauvaget, A., Perrouin, F., Leboucher, J., Etcheverrigaray, F., Challet‐Bouju, G., Gaboriau, L., Derkinderen, P., Jolliet, P., & Victorri‐Vigneau, C. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000444 · Cited by 48
Gambling goals predict chasing behavior during slot machine play
Lister, J. J., Nower, L., & Wohl, M. J. A. (2016) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.018 · Cited by 58
Savolainen, I., Sirola, A., Kaakinen, M., & Oksanen, A. (2018) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-018-9813-8 · Cited by 59
Gambling Disorder and comorbid PTSD: A systematic review of empirical research
Moore, L. H., & Grubbs, J. B. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106713 · Cited by 51
del Pino-Gutiérrez, A., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Fernández-Aranda, F., Agüera, Z., Granero, R., Hakansson, A., Fagundo, A. B., Bolao, F., Valdepérez, A., Mestre-Bach, G., et al. (2017) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.6.2017.051 · Cited by 48
“A meta-analysis of 11 studies demonstrated a mean prevalence of comorbid SUD of 57.5% in GD (Lorains, Cowlishaw, & Thomas, 2011), and other authors have reported similar comorbidity rates (Kessler et al., 2008; Martin, Usdan, Cremeens, & VailSmith, 2014).”
ResultInfluentialPathological gambling in eating disorders: Prevalence and clinical implications
Jiménez‐Múrcia, S., Steiger, H., Israël, M., Granero, R., Prat, R., Santamaría, J. J. V., Moragas, L., Sánchez, I., Custal, N., Orekhova, L. Y., et al. (2013) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.04.014 · Cited by 48
“Current findings are consistent with the above, and further corroborate the observation that the presence of PG is commonly associated with greater overall severity of illness [39,40].”
ResultNicola, M. D., Risio, L. D., Pettorruso, M., Caselli, G., Crescenzo, F. D., Swierkosz-Lenart, K., Martinotti, G., Camardese, G., Giannantonio, M. D., & Janiri, L. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.06.023 · Cited by 52
“5–1% of adults worldwide; the consequences of this behavioral disturbance often entail severe damage to the lives of patients and their families (Kessler, 2008).”
BackgroundPathological gambling recovery in the absence of abstinence
Slutske, W. S., Piasecki, T. M., Blaszczynski, A. P., & Martin, N. G. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03080.x · Cited by 47
Jiménez‐Múrcia, S., Aymamí, N., Gómez‐Peña, M., Santamaría, J. J. V., Álvarez‐Moya, E. M., Fernández‐Aranda, F., Granero, R., Penelo, E., Bueno, B., Moragas, L., et al. (2011) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.2011.02012.x · Cited by 47
Najavits, L. M., Meyer, T., Johnson, K. M., & Korn, D. (2011) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-010-9230-0 · Cited by 45
The Prevention and Treatment of Gambling Disorders: Some Art, Some Science
Derevensky, J. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.024 · Cited by 45
Currie, C. L., Wild, T. C., Schopflocher, D., Laing, L., Veugelers, P. J., & Parlee, B. L. (2012) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-012-9323-z · Cited by 46
“After adjustment for income, minority status itself is also an independent predictor of problem gambling for Aboriginal peoples, African Americans, and Asians (Barry et al. 2011; Kessler et al. 2008; Loo et al. 2008; Williams et al. 2011).”
BackgroundPetry, N. M., & Alessi, S. M. (2010) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2010.06.011 · Cited by 46
“Given the high rates of co-morbidity between substance abuse and pathological gambling (Gerstein et al., 1999; Kessler et al., 2008; Petry, Stintson, & Grant, 2005d; Welte, Barnes, Weiczorek, Tidwell, & Parker, 2001), patients in recovery from pathological gambling are excluded from participating…”
Carragher, N., & McWilliams, L. (2011) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.12.022 · Cited by 50
“Only a small number of epidemiological studies have examined the comorbidity of pathological gambling (Petry et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 2008).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPilver, C. E., Libby, D. J., Hoff, R. A., & Potenza, M. N. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.002 · Cited by 46
“In retrospective age-of-onset analysis of the cross-sectional National Comorbidity Survey-Replication, PG was associated with the onset of substance-use disorders (Kessler et al., 2008).”
MethodThe Involvement of a Concerned Significant Other in Gambling Disorder Treatment Outcome
Jiménez-Múrcia, S., Tremblay, J., Stinchfield, R., Granero, R., Fernández-Aranda, F., Mestre-Bach, G., Steward, T., del Pino-Gutiérrez, A., Baño, M., Moragas, L., et al. (2017) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-016-9657-z · Cited by 44
Considering the Overlap and Nonoverlap of Compulsivity, Impulsivity, and Addiction
Blum, A. W., & Grant, J. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.038 · Cited by 44
Neurobiological Foundations of Behavioral Addictions
Vaccaro, A. G., & Potenza, M. N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.016 · Cited by 45
Neurobiology of Substance Addictions
Christie, N. C., & Bechara, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.015 · Cited by 44
Metadata
- Authors
- Kessler, R. C., Hwang, I., LaBrie, R., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Winters, K. C., & Shaffer, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Cambridge Health Alliance (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kessler, R. C.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2008-02-07
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1351-1360
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- PMC
- PMC2293303
- OpenAlex
- W2121784510
- Cited by
- 928
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 40.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- John W. Alden Trust
- World Health Organization
- National Institutes of Health (5r13mh066849-04, 5r01mh069864-04, 5r01mh070884-05)
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
- Johnson and Johnson
- Pan American Health Organization
- National Institute of Mental Health (R13-MH-066849, R01‐MH070884, U01-MH-60220, U13MH066849, U01MH060220, R01‐MH069864)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K05DA015799, R01DA016558)
- Fogarty International Center (R01-TW006481, R03TW006481)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- gambling addiction, problem gambling, prevalence, age of onset, comorbidities, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, impulse control disorders, substance use disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance dependence, gambling losses, treatment utilization, DSM-IV diagnostic criteria
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Data Collection, Ethnicity, Female, Gambling, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Retrospective Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Odds Ratio, Age of Onset, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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