Interactions of child maltreatment and serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase A polymorphisms: Depressive symptomatology among adolescents from low socioeconomic status backgrounds
Abstract
Child maltreatment and polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genes were examined in relation to depressive symptomatology. Adolescents (M age = 16.7 years) from low socioeconomic backgrounds with a history of child maltreatment (n = 207) or no such history (n = 132) were interviewed and provided buccal cells for genetic analysis. Gene x environment interactions were observed. Heightened depressive symptoms were found only among extensively maltreated youth with low MAOA activity. Among comparably maltreated youth with high MAOA activity, self-coping strategies related to lower symptoms. Sexual abuse and the 5-HTT short/short genotype predicted higher depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. This Gene x Environment interaction was further moderated by MAOA activity level. The results highlight the protective functions of genetic polymorphisms and coping strategies in high risk youth and offer direction for understanding resilience and its promotion from a multiple levels of analysis perspective.
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Evidence from studies reviewed here supports the existence of differences in the impact of type of early life stress, and these effects may be gender-specific.
“Evidence from studies reviewed here supports the existence of differences in the impact of type of ELS, and these effects may be gender-specific (Cicchetti et al. 2007; Heim et al. 2009; Sjoberg et al. 2006).”
From Gene–environment interactions: early life stress and risk for depressive and anxiety disorders (2011) · cites this paper as Cicchetti et al. 2007
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- Authors
- Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., & Sturge-Apple, M. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Rochester (US)
- University of Rochester
- Corresponding author
- Cicchetti, Dante
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2007
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1161-1180
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- OpenAlex
- W2124183211
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 14.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA12903, R01DA012903)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- child abuse, serotonin transporter gene, gene-environment interaction, depressive symptoms, adolescents, low socioeconomic status, sexual abuse, coping strategies, resilience, anxiety, somatic symptoms, genetic polymorphism
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Depressive Disorder, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Monoamine Oxidase, Personality Assessment, Polymorphism, Genetic, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Socioeconomic Factors, Somatoform Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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