Behavioral disinhibition and the development of substance use disorders: Findings from the Minnesota Twin Family Study
Abstract
One variant of substance-use disorder is characterized by behavioral disinhibition. In this report, we martial evidence for a model for the development of this variant. We hypothesize that genetic liability for this variant is reflected in a spectrum of risk indicators linked to the inability or unwillingness to inhibit behavioral impulses. Included in this spectrum are personality traits suggesting low constraint, and externalizing psychopathology, including conduct, oppositional defiant, and attention-deficit disorder in children and antisocial personality disorder and behavior in adults. We further hypothesize that these individual differences in behavioral disinhibition are manifestations of underlying central nervous system processes associated with various psychophysiological anomalies, some of which may index genetic risk for substance abuse. Support for the model is derived from the analysis of findings from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, an epidemiological investigation of approximately 2,700 adolescent twins and their parents.
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Inflexibility manifests in many other forms of psychopathology, including executive deficits in schizophrenia, poor attentional control in ADHD, and disinhibited response style in substance abuse.
“inflexibility manifests in many other forms of psychopathology whether it is severe deficits in executive function in schizophrenia (Heinrichs, 2005), poor attentional control in ADHD (Barkley, 1997), or a disinhibited response style in substance abuse (Iacono, Carlson, Taylor, Elkins, & McGue, 1999).”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- IACONO, W. G., CARLSON, S. R., TAYLOR, J., ELKINS, I. J., & MCGUE, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1999-12
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 869-900
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- OpenAlex
- W2053289008
- Cited by
- 579
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 11.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1k02aa000175-01)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA-00175, AA-09367)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-05147)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- behavioral disinhibition, substance use disorders, genetic susceptibility, impulsivity, personality traits, externalizing psychopathology, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, attention deficit disorder, antisocial personality disorder, Minnesota Twin Family Study, adolescent twins
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Family, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Marriage, Parents, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Twins, Child of Impaired Parents, Substance-Related Disorders
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