Thermo-, Photo-, and Chemo-Responsive Shape-Memory Properties from Photo-Cross-Linked Metallo-Supramolecular Polymers
Abstract
Films exhibiting multiresponsive shape-memory properties have been accessed using covalently cross-linked metallo-supramolecular polymers. Low molecular weight poly(butadiene) was end-capped with 4-oxy-2,6-bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)pyridine (-OMebip) ligands that upon addition of metal salts spontaneously formed high molecular weight metallo-supramolecular polymers. The addition of a tetra-functional thiol along with a photoinitiator results in mechanically stable films via solution-casting. These films consist of a soft poly(butadiene) phase and a hard metal-ligand phase. Photo-cross-linking of the poly(butadiene) soft phase, via the thiol-ene reaction, upon exposure to relatively low intensity light, allows access to a diverse range of permanent shapes. Investigations into the temporary shape fixing and recovery of these materials were undertaken to determine the effects of cross-link density and the nature of the metal salts. The key component in fixing and releasing the temporary shape is the metal-ligand hard phase, and as such any stimulus that can disrupt this phase (light, heat, or chemicals) can be used to create the temporary shape and induce its recovery back to the permanent shape.
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Kumpfer and Rowan prepared thermo-, photo-, and chemoactive SMPs because all the stimuli can result in softening of the hard phase and increased decomplexation or rate of exchange of the metal-ligand complexes.
“Recently, utilizing a metallosupramolecular polymer with a covalently cross-linkable core, Kumpfer and Rowan [114] prepared thermo-, photo-, and chemoactive SMPs because all the stimuli can result in softening of the hard phase and increased decomplexation or rate of exchange of the metaleligand complexes.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [114]
Kumpfer and Rowan reported the SME of a metallo-supramolecular polymer with a covalently cross-linkable core; addition of metal salts into a low molecular weight poly(butadiene end-capped with 4-oxy-2,6-bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)pyridine ligands formed the high molecular weight metallo-supramolecular polymers; the use of different metal salts can tailor the fixing behavior of these materials.
“Kumpfer and Rowan [114] reported the SME of a metallo-supramolecular polymer with a covalently cross-linkable core.Addition of metal salts into a low molecular weight poly(butadiene end-capped with 4-oxy-2,6bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)pyridine (ÀOMebip) ligands formed the high molecular weight metallo-supramolecular polymers as shown in Fig. 9.The use of different metal salts can tailor the fixing”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [114]
A metallosupramolecular polymer with a covalently cross-linkable core was used to prepare thermo-, photo-, and chemoactive SMPs because all the stimuli can result in softening of the hard phase and increased decomplexation or rate of exchange of the metaleligand complexes.
“Recently, utilizing a metallosupramolecular polymer with a covalently cross-linkable core, Kumpfer and Rowan [114] prepared thermo-, photo-, and chemoactive SMPs because all the stimuli can result in softening of the hard phase and increased decomplexation or rate of exchange of the metaleligand complexes.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [114]
SMPs are smart stimuli-responsive polymeric materials that can be programmed to a temporary shape and recover their permanent shape upon external stimuli such as temperature, light irradiation, solvents, electrical current, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field.
“Shape-memory polymers (SMPs)1−6 are smart stimuli-responsive polymeric materials, which can be programmed to a specific temporary shape and recover their memorized permanent shape upon the application of external stimuli such as temperature,7−9 light irradiation,10−12 solvents,13,14 electrical current,15,16 magnetic field,17 and electromagnetic field.18”
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- Authors
- Kumpfer, J. R., & Rowan, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rowan, Stuart J.
- ORCID
- Rowan, Stuart J.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2011-07-26
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 12866-12874
- ISSN
- 0002-7863 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5126
- OpenAlex
- W2331283863
- Cited by
- 487
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 26.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Chemical Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Keywords
- shape memory polymers, metallo-supramolecular polymers, photocrosslinking, thiol-ene reaction, polybutadiene, metal coordination, thermoresponsive behavior, photoresponsivity, crosslink density
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