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A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social adjustment
Abstract
Research on the relation between social information processing and social adjustment in childhood is reviewed and interpreted within the framework of a reformulated model of human performance and social exchange. This reformulation proves to assimilate almost all previous studies and is a useful heuristic device for organizing the field. The review suggests that overwhelming evidence supports the empirical relation between characteristic processing styles and children's social adjustment, with some aspects of processing (e.g., hostile attributional biases, intention cue detection accuracy, response access patterns, and evaluation of response outcomes) likely to be causal of behaviors that lead to social status and other aspects (e.g., perceived self-competence) likely to be responsive to peer status
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“This sensitivity could generalize to romantic relationships and manifest as expectations for conflict and aggressive responding to minor or ambiguous signs of conflict (Crick & Dodge 1994).”
From Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Romantic Relationship Conflict (2010) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge 1994
In the citing paper
“Distorted social information processing during interactions with romantic partners could then increase the potential for conflict and ineffectual conflict management (Crick & Dodge, 1994).”
From Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Romantic Relationship Conflict (2010) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
In the citing paper
“Adolescents exposed to high levels of interparental may develop similar expectations for their romantic relationships (Crick & Dodge, 1994; Fosco et al., 2007).”
From Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Romantic Relationship Conflict (2010) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
In the citing paper
“Patterns of self-blaming and threatening conflict appraisals that develop for some adolescents could bias their expectations, attention, and processing of romantic interactions in ways that increase the potential for destructive conflict (Crick & Dodge, 1994).”
From Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Romantic Relationship Conflict (2010) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
In the citing paper
“Anticipating romantic relationships to be conflictual may, in turn, foster heightened attention to mild or ambiguous conflict cues and negative expectancies about conflict resolution (Crick & Dodge, 1994; Simon et al., 2008).”
From Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Romantic Relationship Conflict (2010) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
In the citing paper
“sustained exposure to either high or low levels of peer group rejection is likely to have an impact on how adolescents respond to negative peer treatment, such as social exclusion”
From Chronic Childhood Peer Rejection is Associated with Heightened Neural Responses to Social Exclusion During Adolescence (2016) · cites this paper as Crick and Dodge 1994
In the citing paper
“The model suggests that some individuals develop specific characteristics of SIP that enhance their risk of aggressive behavior.”
From Social information processing, experiences of aggression in social contexts, and aggressive behavior in adolescents (2007) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
In the citing paper
“Many studies based on various theoretical models demonstrate that SIP is an important construct in the explanation of human aggression and social adjustment”
From Social information processing, experiences of aggression in social contexts, and aggressive behavior in adolescents (2007) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
In the citing paper
“Here, the peer group plays a central role in the circular reinforcement of aggression-prone schemata and beliefs.”
From Social information processing, experiences of aggression in social contexts, and aggressive behavior in adolescents (2007) · cites this paper as Crick and Dodge (1994)
In the citing paper
“This is in accordance with the model of Crick and Dodge (1994).”
From Social information processing, experiences of aggression in social contexts, and aggressive behavior in adolescents (2007) · cites this paper as Crick and Dodge (1994)
In the citing paper
“one of the most frequent source of interpersonal conflicts among children has to do with the misattribution of intentions (Crick & Dodge, 1994; Zelazo, et al., 1996).”
From The accidental transgressor: Morally-relevant theory of mind (2011) · cites this paper as Crick & Dodge, 1994
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Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231 · Cited by 3,915
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Crick, N. R., & Grotpeter, J. K. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00900.x · Cited by 3,954
Self-citationPeer Interactions, Relationships, and Groups
Rubin, K. H., Bukowski, W. M., & Parker, J. G. (2007) · Handbook of Child Psychology · doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0310 · Cited by 2,755
Metadata
- Authors
- Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois System (US)
- ORCID
- Dodge, Kenneth A.
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1994-01
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 74-101
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2004417889
- Cited by
- 5,510
- References
- 161
- Citations by year
- 2026: 215 · 2025: 194 · 2024: 246 · 2023: 201 · 2022: 234 · 2021: 238 · 2020: 217 · 2019: 228 · 2018: 209 · 2017: 203 · 2016: 235 · 2015: 230 · 2014: 233 · 2013: 270 · 2012: 253
- FWCI
- 54.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- social information processing, children's social adjustment, hostile attribution bias, social status, peer status, self-competence, social exchange, processing style
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