Cited by 3,470Social and Intergroup PsychologyDecision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsPsychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment

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Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM).

Forgas, Joseph P.·1995·Psychological Bulletin

DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.39

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Abstract

Evidence for the role of affective states in social judgments is reviewed, and a new integrative theory, the affect infusion model (AIM), is proposed as a comprehensive explanation of these effects. The AIM, based on a multiprocess approach to social judgments, identifies 4 alternative judgmental strategies: (a) direct access, (b) motivated, (c) heuristic, and (d) substantive processing. The model predicts that the degree of affect infusion into judgments varies along a processing continuum, such that judgments requiring heuristic or substantive processing are more likely to be infused by affect than are direct access or motivated judgments. The role of target, judge, and situational variables in recruiting high- or low-infusion judgmental strategies is considered, and empirical support for the model is reviewed. The relationship between the AIM and other affect-cognition theories is discussed, and implications for future research are outlined.

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Self-citation

Authors: Forgas, J. P.
Affiliations: UNSW Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Forgas, Joseph P.
ORCID: Forgas, Joseph P.
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1995
Volume: 117
Issue: 1
Pages: 39-66
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.39
OpenAlex: W2088661631
Cited by: 3,470
References: 189
Citations by year: 2026: 118 · 2025: 119 · 2024: 119 · 2023: 129 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 173 · 2020: 148 · 2019: 181 · 2018: 136 · 2017: 164 · 2016: 156 · 2015: 188 · 2014: 150 · 2013: 175 · 2012: 159
FWCI: 107.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
Keywords: affect infusion model, affective states, social judgment, heuristic processing, direct access, affect-cognition interaction, situational variables
MeSH terms: Affect, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Judgment, Personality, Social Environment, Social Perception

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM).

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