Nature-nurture reconceptualized in developmental perspective: A bioecological model.
Abstract
In response to Anastasi's (1958) long-standing challenge, the authors propose an empirically testable theoretical model that (a) goes beyond and qualifies the established behavioral genetics paradigm by allowing for nonadditive synergistic effects, direct measures of the environment, and mechanisms of organism-environment interaction, called proximal processes, through which genotypes are transformed into phenotypes; (b) hypothesizes that estimates of heritability (e.g., h2) increase markedly with the magnitude of proximal processes; (c) demonstrates that heritability measures the proportion of variation in individual differences attributable only to actualized genetic potential, with the degree of nonactualized potential remaining unknown; (d) proposes that, by enhancing proximal processes and environments, it is possible to increase the extent of actualized genetic potentials for developmental competence.
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The transition to fatherhood is a major developmental milestone for men.
“The transition to fatherhood is a major developmental milestone for men.”
From Birth of a Father: Fathering in the First 1,000 Days (2019) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner & Ceci, 1994
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- Authors
- Bronfenbrenner, U., & Ceci, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- ORCID
- Ceci, Stephen J.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1994-10
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 568-586
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W2075631829
- Cited by
- 2,973
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 146 · 2025: 191 · 2024: 185 · 2023: 211 · 2022: 192 · 2021: 168 · 2020: 170 · 2019: 121 · 2018: 130 · 2017: 123 · 2016: 122 · 2015: 131 · 2014: 113 · 2013: 111 · 2012: 116
- FWCI
- 17.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Psychology of Development and Education
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- nature-nurture interaction, bioecological model, proximal processes, organism-environment interaction, heritability, behavioral genetics, gene-environment interaction, non-additive genetic effects, individual differences, developmental competence
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Female, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Models, Psychological, Phenotype, Social Environment
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