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On the accuracy of personality judgment: A realistic approach
Abstract
The "accuracy paradigm" for the study of personality judgment provides an important, new complement to the "error paradigm" that dominated this area of research for almost 2 decades. The present article introduces a specific approach within the accuracy paradigm called the Realistic Accuracy Model (RAM). RAM begins with the assumption that personality traits are real attributes of individuals. This assumption entails the use of a broad array of criteria for the evaluation of personality judgment and leads to a model that describes accuracy as a function of the availability, detection, and utilization of relevant behavioral cues. RAM provides a common explanation for basic moderators of accuracy, sheds light on how these moderators interact, and outlines a research agenda that includes the reintegration of the study of error with the study of accuracy.
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“This is problematic because (1) accessible behavior cues often are irrelevant to extrapolating about a person’s personality, (2) other relevant information is often unavailable that could provide insight, and (3) when forming judgments, we often inflate the value of information at our disposal and over extend this information at the expense of attending to personal and situational variability (F”
From Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health (2010) · cites this paper as Funder, 1995
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Metadata
- Authors
- Funder, D. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Riverside (US)
- Corresponding author
- Funder, David C.
- ORCID
- Funder, David C.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1995
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 652-670
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W2067129080
- Cited by
- 1,342
- References
- 173
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 125 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 30.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH42427, R01MH042427, R01-MH42427)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- personality judgment, personality traits, behavioral cues, judgment accuracy
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Judgment, Personality, Personality Assessment
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