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Conditional and unconditional automaticity: a dual-process model of effects of spatial stimulus–response correspondence
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“Like many other forms of SRC in which participants respond to static symbolic stimuli (De Jong et al., 1994; Eimer et al., 1995), imitative compatibility effects are attributed to automatic activation of the stimulus-compatible motor representation.”
From To imitate or not: Avoiding imitation involves preparatory inhibition of motor resonance (2014) · cites this paper as De Jong et al., 1994
In the citing paper
“In sum, the evidence from these two experiments suggests that the processing of spatial compatibility and automatic imitation are dissociable at two different levels in dual processing models of S-R compatibility (e.g., DeJong et al., 1994;Tagliabue, Zorzi, Umilta, & Bassignani, 2000).”
From Is automatic imitation a specialized form of stimulus–response compatibility? Dissociating imitative and spatial compatibilities (2012) · cites this paper as DeJong et al., 1994
In the citing paper
“Consistent with previous interpretations (e.g., DeJong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994;Wühr & Biebl, 2009), we surmise that responding to the stimulus cue opposite to the one that appears on the screen requires a logical recoding of the relevant stimulus and that this recoding carries-over to the irrelevant stimulus as well.”
From Is automatic imitation a specialized form of stimulus–response compatibility? Dissociating imitative and spatial compatibilities (2012) · cites this paper as DeJong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994
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Anterior cingulate cortex and conflict detection: an update of theory and data
Carter, C. S., & van Veen, V. (2007) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.7.4.367 · Cited by 1,056
Lu, C.-H., & Proctor, R. W. (1995) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03210959 · Cited by 962
“…considerable data are interpretable in terms of the temporal overlap hypothesis, the findings mentioned earlier of Lu and Proctor (1994) and De Jong et al. (1994) with the Hedge and Marsh task, in which the response keys are colored, indicate that the hypothesis cannot account for all…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialExecutive control of visual attention in dual-task situations.
Logan, G. D., & Gordon, R. D. (2001) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.2.393 · Cited by 788
Ullsperger, M., & von Cramon, D. Y. (2001) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0935 · Cited by 702
The potentiation of grasp types during visual object categorization
Tucker, M., & Ellis, R. (2001) · Visual Cognition · doi:10.1080/13506280042000144 · Cited by 527
The Simon effect as tool and heuristic
Hommel, B. (2010) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2010.04.011 · Cited by 534
An instance theory of attention and memory.
Logan, G. D. (2002) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.109.2.376 · Cited by 467
Stürmer, B., Leuthold, H., Soetens, E. L. L., et al. (2002) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.28.6.1345 · Cited by 340
“As in previous LRP studies of the Simon effect (e.g., De Jong et al., 1994; Valle-Inclán, 1996), the incorrect initial activation was followed by correct LRP activity according to the task-relevant stimulus dimension.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialNumbers and space: A computational model of the SNARC effect.
Gevers, W., Verguts, T., Reynvoet, B., Caessens, B., & Fias, W. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.32.1.32 · Cited by 318
“A Model of the SNARC Effect Most conflict tasks, like the Simon task, are explained in terms of a dual-route architecture (e.g., De Jong et al., 1994; Kornblum, Hasbroucq, & Osman, 1990).”
BackgroundMethodUlrich, R., Schröter, H., Leuthold, H., & Birngruber, T. (2015) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2015.02.005 · Cited by 322
Separate conflict-specific cognitive control mechanisms in the human brain
Egner, T., Delano, M., & Hirsch, J. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.11.061 · Cited by 314
“…direct route of response activation (or response priming) competes with a slower, 'indirect' route, represented by the intentional processing of the task-relevant color information in relation to the instructed stimulus–response mappings (Kornblum et al., 1990; Hommel, 1993; De Jong et al., 1994).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialTesting theories of post-error slowing
Dutilh, G., Vandekerckhove, J., Forstmann, B. U., Keuleers, E., Brysbaert, M., & Wagenmakers, E. (2011) · Attention Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-011-0243-2 · Cited by 314
Moving Beyond the Mean in Studies of Mental Chronometry
Balota, D. A., & Yap, M. J.-M. (2011) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721411408885 · Cited by 292
Parise, C., & Spence, C. J. (2012) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3140-6 · Cited by 297
“In order to study the build-up of the compatibility effect and thus to determine at which stage of information processing it was taking place, we ran a bin analysis of RTs (see De Jong et al. 1994; Vallesi et al. 2005) by dividing the RT data into 5 bins, from fastest to slowest.”
MethodAction Monitoring and Medial Frontal Cortex: Leading Role of Supplementary Motor Area
Bonini, F., Burle, B., Liégeois‐Chauvel, C., Régis, J. M., Chauvel, P., & Vidal, F. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1247412 · Cited by 271
A dual-stage two-phase model of selective attention.
Hübner, R., Steinhauser, M., & Lehle, C. (2010) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0019471 · Cited by 287
“…one version of this idea, which is structurally rather similar to the DSTP model, assumes that an automatic priming process and a controlled rule-based process affect the same response selection mechanism (e.g., De Jong et al., 1994; Hommel, 1998; Hunt & Lansman, 1986; Ridderinkhof, 1997).”
On the origin of mixing costs: Exploring information processing in pure and mixed blocks of trials
Los, S. A. (1996) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/0001-6918(95)00050-x · Cited by 285
Cross-modal links in exogenous covert spatial orienting between touch, audition, and vision
Spence, C., Nicholls, M. E. R., Gillespie, N., & Driver, J. (1998) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03206045 · Cited by 271
The lateralized readiness potential as an on-line measure of central response activation processes
Eimer, M. (1998) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03209424 · Cited by 275
Forstmann, B. U., Jahfari, S., Scholte, H. S., Wolfensteller, U., van den Wildenberg, W. P. M., & Ridderinkhof, K. R. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1465-08.2008 · Cited by 261
The cognitive representation of action: Automatic integration of perceived action effects
Hommel, B. (1996) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00425832 · Cited by 245
“Processoriented approaches like that of Kornblum et al. (1990), Hommel (1993b), or De Jong et al. (1994) merely assume the existence of those feature codes without explaining where they come from, to which parameters of an action they refer, and according to which rules they are formed.”
Backgroundvan Driel, J., Ridderinkhof, K. R., & Cohen, M. X. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0802-12.2012 · Cited by 225
Response-effect compatibility in manual choice reaction tasks.
Kunde, W. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.27.2.387 · Cited by 235
The joint Simon effect: a review and theoretical integration
Dolk, T., Hommel, B., Colzato, L. S., Schütz‐Bosbach, S., Prinz, W., & Liepelt, R. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00974 · Cited by 223
“…locations (or features thereof) facilitates response selection, be it (1) because of a direct association between them (e.g., Kornblum et al., 1990; De Jong et al., 1994) or (2) because the identity of the codes representing these locations (e.g., Hommel, 1993; Hommel et al., 2001), or (3) because…”
BackgroundBeyond differences in means: robust graphical methods to compare two groups in neuroscience
Rousselet, G. A., Pernet, C. R., & Wilcox, R. R. (2017) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.13610 · Cited by 225
“Thus, the shift function relates to the delta plot, which is an extension of Q-Q plots for the comparison of two distributions on a quantile scale (De Jong et al. , 1994; Ridderinkhof et al. , 2005; Speckman et al. , 2008).”
MethodPhysiological evidence for response inhibition in choice reaction time tasks
Burle, B., Vidal, F., Tandonnet, C., & Hasbroucq, T. (2004) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2004.06.004 · Cited by 223
Action Co-representation is Tuned to Other Humans
Tsai, C.-C., Kuo, W., Hung, D. L., & Tzeng, O. J. L. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20144 · Cited by 214
“The Simon effect refers to the finding that participant’s performance is always slower when the spatial relationship between stimulus and response is incongruent ( de Jong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994 ).”
BackgroundLien, M.-C., & Proctor, R. W. (2002) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03196277 · Cited by 216
Neural Mechanisms, Temporal Dynamics, and Individual Differences in Interference Control
Forstmann, B. U., van den Wildenberg, W. P. M., & Ridderinkhof, K. R. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20122 · Cited by 206
A Response-Discrimination Account of the Simon Effect.
Ulrich Ansorge, A., & Wühr, P. (2004) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.30.2.365 · Cited by 202
Richard Ridderinkhof, K., P.H. Band, G., & D. Logan, G. (1999) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00010-4 · Cited by 200
A computational model of the Simon effect
Zorzi, M., & Umilt�, C. (1995) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00419634 · Cited by 193
A Parallel Distributed Processing Model of Stimulus–Stimulus and Stimulus–Response Compatibility
Zhang, H., Zhang, J., & Kornblum, S. (1999) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1006/cogp.1998.0703 · Cited by 197
“…is often referred to as the ''reverse Simon effect'' and has been the subject of considerable controversy (Barber, O'Leary, & Simon, 1994; De Jong et al., 1994; Guiard, Hasbroucq, & Possamai , 1994; Hasbroucq & Guiard, 1991; O'Leary, Barber, & Simon, 1994, 1995; Simon, 1990; Zhang &…”
BackgroundResultvan der Lubbe, R. H. J., & Verleger, R. (2002) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.3910100 · Cited by 197
S-R Compatibility Effects Without Response Uncertainty
Hommel, B. (1996) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/713755643 · Cited by 192
The Role of Preparation in Overlapping-task Performance
de Jong, R. (1995) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/14640749508401372 · Cited by 176
Self-citationWylie, S. A., Ridderinkhof, K. R., Elias, W. J., Frysinger, R. C., Bashore, T. R., Downs, K. E., van Wouwe, N. C., & van den Wildenberg, W. P. M. (2010) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq239 · Cited by 177
“…capture by the irrelevant stimulus dimension and its subsequent inhibition on conflict trials can be dissociated, respectively, by distributional analyses that plot variations in response accuracy or in the Simon effect as a function of response speed (De Jong et al., 1994; Ridderinkhof, 2002).”
MethodMechanisms of Priming by Masked Stimuli: Inferences From Event-Related Brain Potentials
Leuthold, H., & Kopp, B. (1998) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00053 · Cited by 173
Toward an action-concept model of stimulus-response compatibility
Hommel, B. (1997) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(97)80041-6 · Cited by 169
“As a consequence, it does not contribute to understanding processes like stimulus recoding, which seems to play a decisive role in the reversal of S-R compatibility under certain instructions (Arend & Wandmacher, 1987; De Jong et al., 1994; Hedge & Marsh, 1975; Lu & Proctor, 1994).”
BackgroundInfluentialParallel memory retrieval in dual-task situations: I. Semantic memory.
Logan, G. D., & Schulkind, M. D. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037//0096-1523.26.3.1072 · Cited by 191
“The data from Experiment 2 suggest that category-match effects are conditionally automatic if they are automatic at all (Bargh, 1992; DeJong et al., 1994).”
BackgroundRidderinkhof, K. R., Scheres, A., Oosterlaan, J., & Sergeant, J. A. (2005) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.2.197 · Cited by 174
“…as derived from the CDFs in Panel A. Figure A2B shows delta plots for correspondence effects on accuracy, as derived from the CAFs in Panel A. De Jong et al. (1994) introduced the use of delta plots in a particular variety of the Simon task (Hedge & Marsh, 1975), and asserted that the slopes…”
MethodAutomatic response activation of implicit spatial information: Evidence from the SNARC effect
Gevers, W., Lammertyn, J., Notebaert, W., Verguts, T., & Fias, W. (2006) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2005.11.004 · Cited by 162
“It is generally believed that the Simon task is processed along a dual-route architecture (De Jong et al., 1994; Kornblum et al., 1990).”
BackgroundMotor activation with and without inhibition: Evidence for a threshold mechanism in motor control
Schlaghecken, F., & Martin Eimer, A. (2002) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03194564 · Cited by 159
“Examples include effects of stimulus location under conditions in which location is irrelevant (e.g., De Jong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994; Eimer, 1995; Simon, 1969), effects of stimulus shape when another stimulus feature signals that a response has to be withheld (e.g., Miller & Hackley, 1992; Osman, Bashore, Coles, Donch…”
BackgroundReaction time distribution analysis of spatial correspondence effects
Proctor, R. W., Miles, J. D., & Baroni, G. (2011) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-011-0053-5 · Cited by 157
“…keys labeled with colors; VN = variable name, keys labeled with color names; VM = variable mapping, keys labeled with the same neutral color) and two mappings (compatible or incompatible mapping of stimulus color to response color) in De Jong et al. (1994) Experiment 1, as a function of RT bin.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialTop-down and bottom-up sequential modulations of congruency effects
Notebaert, W., Gevers, W., Verbruggen, F., & Liefooghe, B. (2006) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03193821 · Cited by 166
Leuthold, H., & Sommer, W. (1999) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(98)00058-3 · Cited by 165
S–R compatibility and response selection
Eimer, M., Hommel, B., & Prinz, W. (1995) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/0001-6918(95)00022-m · Cited by 154
Affect and action: Towards an event-coding account
Lavender, T., & Hommel, B. (2007) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930701438152 · Cited by 156
Processing irrelevant location information: Practice and transfer effects in choice-reaction tasks
Proctor, R. W., & Lu, C.-H. (1999) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03201214 · Cited by 151
Failed Suppression of Direct Visuomotor Activation in Parkinson's Disease
Praamstra, P., & Plat, F. M. (2001) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892901564153 · Cited by 150
The locus of interference in the Simon effect: an ERP study
Valle‐Inclán, F. (1996) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/0301-0511(95)05181-3 · Cited by 147
Kunde, W. (2003) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03196485 · Cited by 149
Exploring trial-by-trial modulations of the Simon effect
Wühr, P., & Ulrich Ansorge, A. (2004) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/02724980443000269 · Cited by 141
The effect of Parkinson's disease on interference control during action selection
Wylie, S. A., van den Wildenberg, W. P. M., Ridderinkhof, K. R., Bashore, T. R., Powell, V. D., Manning, C. A., & Wooten, G. F. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.08.001 · Cited by 140
“To examine these patterns, we applied distributional analyses ( de Jong et al., 1994; Ridderinkhof, 2002; Ridderinkhof, van den Wildenberg, Wijnen, et al., 2004).”
InfluentialVerleger, R., Jaśkowskí, P., Aydemir, A., Lubbe, R. H. J. V. D., & Groen, M. A. (2004) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.133.4.494 · Cited by 138
Wiegand, K., & Wascher, E. (2005) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.31.3.453 · Cited by 139
The SNARC effect: an instance of the Simon effect?
Mapelli, D., Rusconi, E., & Umiltà, C. A. (2003) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(03)00042-8 · Cited by 138
Wenke, D., Atmaca, S., Holländer, A., Liepelt, R., Baess, P., & Prinz, W. (2011) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-011-0057-0 · Cited by 139
“This finding is referred to as the Simon effect (De Jong et al. 1994; Lu and Proctor 1995; Simon and Rudell 1967).”
MethodHow decisions evolve: The temporal dynamics of action selection
Scherbaum, S., Dshemuchadse, M., Fischer, R., & Goschke, T. (2010) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.02.004 · Cited by 134
“In the first step, we distinguished trials of different duration using a method analogous to the one used by De Jong et al. (1994): we created two bins of trials by a split at the median RT for each subject (bin 1, fast trials: M(RT) = 501 ms; bin 2, slow trials: M(RT) = 652 ms).”
InfluentialRoberts, R. D., & Stankov, L. (1999) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s1041-6080(00)80007-2 · Cited by 135
Dual mechanisms of cognitive control in bilinguals and monolinguals.
Morales, J., Gómez-Ariza, C. J., & Bajo, M. T. (2013) · Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/20445911.2013.807812 · Cited by 130
“As mentioned, the main assumption is that response inhibition takes some time to develop (De Jong et al., 1994; Ridderinkhof et al., 2004).”
BackgroundSequential modulations of interference evoked by processing task-irrelevant stimulus features.
Wendt, M., Kluwe, R. H., & Peters, A. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.32.3.644 · Cited by 132
Modulation of automatic semantic priming by feature-specific attention allocation
Spruyt, A., Houwer, J. D., & Hermans, D. (2009) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2009.03.004 · Cited by 123
Auditory and audiovisual inhibition of return
Spence, C. J., & Driver, J. (1998) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03211923 · Cited by 123
Wylie, S. A., Ridderinkhof, K. R., Bashore, T. R., & van den Wildenberg, W. P. M. (2009) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21326 · Cited by 136
“Soetens, Schroter, & Sommer, 2002; de Jong et al., 1994 ).”
Affective Priming of Nonaffective Semantic Categorization Responses
Spruyt, A., Houwer, J. D., Hermans, D., & Eelen, P. (2007) · Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) · doi:10.1027/1618-3169.54.1.44 · Cited by 124
Does the Human Motor System Simulate Pinocchio's Actions?
Tsai, C.-C., & Braß, M. (2007) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02025.x · Cited by 126
von Bastian, C. C., Blais, C., Brewer, G. A., Gyurkovics, M., Hedge, C., Kałamała, P., Meier, M. E., Oberauer, K., Rey-Mermet, A., Rouder, J. N., et al. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/x3b9k · Cited by 116
Interactions between stimulus-stimulus congruence and stimulus-response compatibility
Hommel, B. (1997) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00439302 · Cited by 119
“Yet, as Grice, Boroughs, and Canham (1984) as well as De Jong et al. (1994) have shown, distribution analyses can be used to index the timecourse of response conflicts and, thus, to reveal effects that are bound to a certain part of a distribution only.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe human striatum is necessary for responding to changes in stimulus relevance.
Cools, R., Ivry, R. B., & D'Esposito, M. (2006) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2006.18.12.1973 · Cited by 122
“Perhaps the rule switch induced a bias to apply a switch operation in a relatively generic manner (see De Jong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994).”
Attention and selection in the growing child: views derived from developmental psychophysiology
Ridderinkhof, K. R., & van der Stelt, O. (2000) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00053-3 · Cited by 129
Parallel memory retrieval in dual-task situations: I. Semantic memory.
Logan, G. D., & Schulkind, M. D. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.26.3.1072 · Cited by 116
Spatio-temporal brain dynamics in a combined stimulus–stimulus and stimulus–response conflict task
Frühholz, S., Godde, B., Finke, M., & Herrmann, M. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.071 · Cited by 111
“S conflicts might be processed at earlier levels when both conflicts were elicited simultaneously (De Jong et al., 1994; Hommel, 1997; Kornblum et al., 1999).”
BackgroundMethodThe cognitive mechanisms underlying deception: An event-related potential study
Suchotzki, K., Crombez, G., Smulders, F. T. Y., Meijer, E. H., & Verschuère, B. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.01.010 · Cited by 121
“…that the truth is initially activated and con fl icts with the lie, we expected aninitial LRP de fl ection towardsthe (incorrect) truth response in lie trials,and node-fl ection in truth trials (as e.g., in Flanker and Simon tasks; De Jong et al., 1994; Gratton et al., 1988; Stürmer et al., 2002).”
MethodThe Lateralized Readiness Potential
Smulders, F. T. Y., & Miller, J. O. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195374148.013.0115 · Cited by 119
The role of group membership on the modulation of joint action
Iani, C., Anelli, F., Nicoletti, R., Arcuri, L., & Rubichi, S. (2011) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2651-x · Cited by 108
Cohen, A.-L., Bayer, U. C., Jaudas, A., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2006) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-006-0074-2 · Cited by 111
“Therefore, when the relevant response to a stimulus (e.g., left key press) is in conXict with the spatial location of that stimulus (e.g., right side of computer screen) it leads to a response conXict which delays response execution ( De Jong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994; Hommel, 1993; Hommel, Proctor, & Vu, 2004; Kornblum,…”
BackgroundCongruency sequence effect without feature integration and contingency learning
Kim, S.-A., & Cho, Y. S. (2014) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.03.004 · Cited by 103
Horizontal and vertical Simon effect: different underlying mechanisms?
Vallesi, A., Mapelli, D., Schiff, S., et al. (2005) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2004.11.009 · Cited by 109
“RT distribution analysis was performed as explained above (De Jong et al., 1994).”
The Simon effect in cognitive electrophysiology: A short review
Leuthold, H. (2010) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2010.08.001 · Cited by 106
Conflict resolution in the Eriksen flanker task: Similarities and differences to the Simon task
Hübner, R., & Töbel, L. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214203 · Cited by 99
Response repetition benefits and costs
Kleinsorge, T. (1999) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00047-5 · Cited by 99
The effect of speed-accuracy strategy on response interference control in Parkinson's disease
Wylie, S. A., van den Wildenberg, W. P. M., Ridderinkhof, K. R., Bashore, T. R., Powell, V. D., Manning, C. A., & Wooten, G. F. (2009) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.02.025 · Cited by 103
“More specific, delta plots can be constructed by plotting the interference effect as a function of response speed ( de Jong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994; Ridderinkhof, 2002; Wiegand & Wascher, 2007).”
Preparing for perception and action (I): The role of grouping in the response-cuing paradigm
Adam, J. J., Hommel, B., & Umiltà, C. A. (2003) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0010-0285(02)00516-9 · Cited by 98
Speed-accuracy modulation in case of conflict: the roles of activation and inhibition
Band, G. P. H., Ridderinkhof, K. R., & van der Molen, M. W. (2003) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-002-0127-0 · Cited by 101
“Delta plots (or distributional plots) were reported initially by De Jong et al. (1994) and provide an abstraction of effects on RT distributions by plotting effect size (e.g., the effect of stimulus incongruity or of prime invalidity) as a function of response speed.”
MethodInfluentialWith the past behind and the future ahead: Back-to-front representation of past and future sentences
Ulrich, R., Eikmeier, V., de la Vega, I., Fernández, S. R., Alex-Ruf, S., & Maienborn, C. (2011) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-011-0162-4 · Cited by 100
Verbruggen, F., Liefooghe, B., Notebaert, W., & Vandierendonck, A. (2005) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2005.05.003 · Cited by 98
Further Evidence that the SNARC Effect is Processed Along a Dual-Route Architecture
Gevers, W., Ratinckx, E., Baene, W. D., & Fias, W. (2006) · Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) · doi:10.1027/1618-3169.53.1.58 · Cited by 101
“According to the dual-route processing account, the LRP should show an initial dip towards incorrect response preparation in the SNARC incompatible condition (De Jong et al., 1994).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialChoking under monitoring pressure: being watched by the experimenter reduces executive attention
Belletier, C., Davranche, K., Tellier, I.-S., Dumas, F., Vidal, F., Hasbroucq, T., & Huguet, P. (2015) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0804-9 · Cited by 95
Multiple spatial codes and temporal overlap in choice-reaction tasks
Roswarski, T. E., & Proctor, R. W. (1996) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00425834 · Cited by 96
Tracing attention and the activation flow in spoken word planning using eye movements.
Roelofs, A. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.34.2.353 · Cited by 100
“Linearity in a distribution plot indicates that the difference between conditions varies proportionately with latency (e.g., De Jong, Liang, & Lauber, 1994; Ridderinkhof, 2002; Zhang & Kornblum, 1997).”
BackgroundMultiple systems of spatial memory and action
Avraamides, M. N., & Kelly, J. W. (2007) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-007-0188-5 · Cited by 107
“In fact, these models posit that there exist two separate routes that link perception to action (e.g., Eimer et al. 1995; De Jong et al. 1994; Zorzi and Umilta ` 1995).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCortical expressions of inhibition of return
Prime, D. J., & Ward, L. M. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.11.081 · Cited by 95
The neurocognitive underpinnings of the Simon effect: An integrative review of current research
Cespón, J., Hommel, B., Korsch, M., & Galashan, D. (2020) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-020-00836-y · Cited by 100
Burle, B., Spieser, L., Servant, M., & Hasbroucq, T. (2013) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-013-0561-6 · Cited by 96
“(b) Grand averages of the rectified EMG activity for partial errors (solid line) and correct responses to pure-correct trials (dashed line) a linear regression to the whole delta plot (de Jong et al., 1994; Pratte et al., 2010).”
BackgroundAutomatic motor activation in the executive control of action
McBride, J. M., Boy, F., Husain, M., & Sumner, P. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00082 · Cited by 99
“Delta plots in traditional conflict tasks typically show initial positive effects that level off, or even become negative, as response times increase (e.g., de Jong et al., 1994; see also van den Wildenberg et al., 2010 for a review).”
BackgroundVahid, A., Mückschel, M., Stober, S., Stock, A.-K., & Beste, C. (2020) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-020-0846-z · Cited by 87
Functional localization and mechanisms of sequential effects in serial reaction time tasks
Jentzsch, I., & Sommer, W. (2002) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03194765 · Cited by 94
Conflict and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: support for a response control deficit
Vandenbossche, J., Deroost, N., Soetens, E., Zeischka, P., Spildooren, J., Vercruysse, S., Nieuwboer, A., & Kerckhofs, E. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.048 · Cited by 98
“To calculate CAFs and delta plots, we studied RT distributions and divided our data into six RT bins and then averaged across subjects to obtain group sextiles (de Jong et al., 1994; Ridderinkhof, 2002).”
Khng, K. H., & Lee, K. L. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101356 · Cited by 90
“On the other hand, dual-route process models of Stroop inhibition [10,11] allow conflict resolution processes to accumulate at any stage from stimulus perception to response activation.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- De Jong, R., Liang, C.-C., & Lauber, E.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 731-750
- ISSN
- 0096-1523 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1277
- OpenAlex
- W4248568169
- Cited by
- 806
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 5.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- automaticity, dual-process models, spatial attention, stimulus-response compatibility
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