A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: An effective treatment for comorbid insomnia and depression.

Ashworth, Damon K.; Sletten, Tracey L.; Junge, Moira; Simpson, Katrina; Clarke, David; Cunnington, David; Rajaratnam, Shantha M. W.

doi:10.1037/cou0000059

Cited by 131Sleep and related disordersAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychological Treatments and Assessments

A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: An effective treatment for comorbid insomnia and depression.

Ashworth, Damon K., Sletten, Tracey L., Junge, Moira, Simpson, Katrina, Clarke, David, Cunnington, David, Rajaratnam, Shantha M. W.·2015·Journal of Counseling Psychology

DOI 10.1037/cou0000059

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Abstract

UNLABELLED: Insomnia and depression are highly comorbid conditions that show a complex, bidirectional relationship. This study examined whether cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) delivered by a therapist compared with self-help CBT-I (written materials only) reduces insomnia and depression severity in individuals with comorbid insomnia and depression. A total of 41 participants (18-64 years; 25 females) with comorbid depression and insomnia, treated with antidepressants for at least 6 weeks, were randomized to receive 4 sessions of either CBT-I or self-help CBT-I over 8 weeks. Insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI-II]) were assessed at baseline, following each session, and at 3-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were sleep quality and duration (actigraphy and diaries), anxiety, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness. Compared with self-help CBT-I, BDI-II scores in the CBT-I group dropped by 11.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] [6.60, 17.27], p < .001) more points, and ISI scores dropped by 6.59 (95% CI [3.04, 10.15], p = .001) more points across treatment. At 3-month follow-up, 61.1% of CBT-I participants were in clinical remission from their insomnia and depression, compared with 5.6% of the self-help group. CONCLUSIONS: CBT-I administered by a therapist produced significant reductions in both insomnia and depression severity posttreatment and at follow-up, compared with a control condition in which participants received only written CBT-I material. Targeting insomnia through CBT-I is efficacious for treating comorbid insomnia and depression, and should be considered an important adjunct therapy for patients with depression whose symptoms have not remitted through antidepressant treatment.

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Authors: Ashworth, D. K., Sletten, T. L., Junge, M., Simpson, K., Clarke, D., Cunnington, D., & Rajaratnam, S. M. W.
ORCID: Sletten, Tracey L.
Junge, Moira
Simpson, Katrina
Clarke, David
Cunnington, David
Rajaratnam, Shantha M. W.
Venue: Journal of Counseling Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2015-04
Volume: 62
Issue: 2
Pages: 115-123
ISSN: 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
1939-2168
DOI: 10.1037/cou0000059
OpenAlex: W1977508541
Cited by: 131
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 5
FWCI: 19.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Counseling Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, insomnia, depression, comorbidities, self-help intervention, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depression remission
MeSH terms: Adult, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Self-Help Groups, Comorbidity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome

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A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: An effective treatment for comorbid insomnia and depression.

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