The microbiota and chronic kidney diseases: a double‐edged sword
Open accessAbstract
Recent findings regarding the influence of the microbiota in many inflammatory processes have provided a new way to treat diseases. Now, one may hypothesize that the origin of a plethora of diseases is related to the health of the gut microbiota and its delicate, although complex, interface with the epithelial and immune systems. The ‘westernization’ of diets, for example, is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota. Such alterations have been found to correlate directly with the increased incidence of diabetes and hypertension, the main causes of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), which, in turn, have a high estimated prevalence. Indeed, data have arisen showing that the progression of kidney diseases is strictly related to the composition of the microbiota. Alterations in the gut microbiota diversity during CKDs do not only have the potential to exacerbate renal injury but may also contribute to the development of associated comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance. In this review, we discuss how dysbiosis through alterations in the gut barrier and the consequent activation of immune system could intensify the progression of CKD and vice versa, how CKDs can modify the gut microbiota diversity and abundance.
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Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota are associated with CKD and ESRD.
“As gut dysbiosis and altered gut pathology are associated with hypertension, and hypertension is an important factor that contributes to the development of CKD, the finding that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota (TABLE 1) are associated with CKD and ESRD is not surprising101,102.”
From The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (2018) · cites this paper as [102]
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The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease
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- Authors
- Felizardo, R. J. F., Castoldi, A., Andrade‐Oliveira, V., & Câmara, N. O. S.
- Affiliations
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva
- Venue
- Clinical & Translational Immunology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-06
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e86-e86
- ISSN
- 2050-0068 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5067952
- OpenAlex
- W2413730673
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical & Translational Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2015/18121-4, 2015/, 2012/15205-4)
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, chronic kidney disease, dysbiosis, intestinal barrier, immune activation, renal injury progression, cardiovascular comorbidity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, Western diet, microbiome diversity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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