Cited by 1,253Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsPluripotent Stem Cells ResearchDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Probing sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease using induced pluripotent stem cells

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Abstract

Our understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is currently limited by difficulties in obtaining live neurons from patients and the inability to model the sporadic form of the disease. It may be possible to overcome these challenges by reprogramming primary cells from patients into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here we reprogrammed primary fibroblasts from two patients with familial Alzheimer's disease, both caused by a duplication of the amyloid-β precursor protein gene (APP; termed APP(Dp)), two with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (termed sAD1, sAD2) and two non-demented control individuals into iPSC lines. Neurons from differentiated cultures were purified with fluorescence-activated cell sorting and characterized. Purified cultures contained more than 90% neurons, clustered with fetal brain messenger RNA samples by microarray criteria, and could form functional synaptic contacts. Virtually all cells exhibited normal electrophysiological activity. Relative to controls, iPSC-derived, purified neurons from the two APP(Dp) patients and patient sAD2 exhibited significantly higher levels of the pathological markers amyloid-β(1-40), phospho-tau(Thr 231) and active glycogen synthase kinase-3β (aGSK-3β). Neurons from APP(Dp) and sAD2 patients also accumulated large RAB5-positive early endosomes compared to controls. Treatment of purified neurons with β-secretase inhibitors, but not γ-secretase inhibitors, caused significant reductions in phospho-Tau(Thr 231) and aGSK-3β levels. These results suggest a direct relationship between APP proteolytic processing, but not amyloid-β, in GSK-3β activation and tau phosphorylation in human neurons. Additionally, we observed that neurons with the genome of one sAD patient exhibited the phenotypes seen in familial Alzheimer's disease samples. More generally, we demonstrate that iPSC technology can be used to observe phenotypes relevant to Alzheimer's disease, even though it can take decades for overt disease to manifest in patients.

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Metadata

Authors
Israel, M. A., Yuan, S. H., Bardy, C., Reyna, S. M., Mu, Y., Herrera, C., Hefferan, M. P., Van Gorp, S., Nazor, K. L., Boscolo, F. S., Carson, C. T., Laurent, L. C., Marsala, M., Gage, F. H., Remes, A. M., Koo, E. H., & Goldstein, L. S. B.
Affiliations
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Scripps Research Institute (US)
  • BD Biosciences (United States) (US)
  • University of Oulu (FI)
Corresponding author
Goldstein, Lawrence S. B.
Venue
Nature
Published
2012-01-25
Volume
482
Issue
7384
Pages
216-220
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2088714934
Cited by
1,253
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 45 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 76 · 2016: 108 · 2015: 105 · 2014: 106 · 2013: 95 · 2012: 74
FWCI
81.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
  • (No Title)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • National Institute on Aging (P50AG005131)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008666)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P30NS047101, RC1NS068705)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K12HD001259)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, induced pluripotent stem cells, familial Alzheimer's disease, sporadic Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta secretion, gamma-secretase inhibitors, beta-secretase inhibitors, phosphorylated tau, glycogen synthase kinase-3β, APP proteolytic processing, iPSC-derived neurons, patient-derived fibroblasts
MeSH terms
Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Astrocytes, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Activation, Female, Fibroblasts, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Neurons, Peptide Fragments, Phosphoproteins, Phosphorylation, Protease Inhibitors, Endosomes, Biomarkers, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Synapsins, tau Proteins, Coculture Techniques, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Proteolysis, Cellular Reprogramming

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