Cited by 725Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsEpigenetics and DNA MethylationGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood

Open access
Peters, Marjolein J., Joehanes, Roby, Pilling, Luke C., Schurmann, Claudia, Conneely, Karen N., Powell, Joseph, Reinmaa, Eva, Sutphin, George L. +130 more·2015·Nature Communications

Abstract

Disease incidences increase with age, but the molecular characteristics of ageing that lead to increased disease susceptibility remain inadequately understood. Here we perform a whole-blood gene expression meta-analysis in 14,983 individuals of European ancestry (including replication) and identify 1,497 genes that are differentially expressed with chronological age. The age-associated genes do not harbor more age-associated CpG-methylation sites than other genes, but are instead enriched for the presence of potentially functional CpG-methylation sites in enhancer and insulator regions that associate with both chronological age and gene expression levels. We further used the gene expression profiles to calculate the ‘transcriptomic age’ of an individual, and show that differences between transcriptomic age and chronological age are associated with biological features linked to ageing, such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, fasting glucose, and body mass index. The transcriptomic prediction model adds biological relevance and complements existing epigenetic prediction models, and can be used by others to calculate transcriptomic age in external cohorts.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ncomms9570

Cites

79 of 79 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • A gene-expression study on whole-blood RNA from a large population cohort in Europe and the USA found immune response and inflammation were the most highly upregulated pathways associated with ageing.

    “A gene-expression study conducted on whole-blood RNA samples from a large population cohort in Europe and the USA revealed that immune response and inflammation were the most highly upregulated pathways in association with ageing39.”
  • The transcriptomic clock was found to have associations with some biomarkers and risk factors, including smoking status, and a unique association with systolic blood pressure that was not detected by the Horvath and Hannum clocks.

    “However, the transcriptomic clock was found to have associations with some biomarkers and risk factors, including smoking status, and a unique association with systolic blood pressure that was not detected by the Horvath and Hannum clocks.”

    From Measuring biological age using omics data (2022) · cites this paper as [81]

  • The Peters et al. transcriptomic clock had highly variable age prediction accuracy across cohorts and was significantly less accurate in chronological age prediction than epigenetic clocks in all tested cohorts.

    “The transcriptomic clock had highly variable age prediction accuracy across cohorts and was significantly less accurate in chronological age prediction than epigenetic clocks in all tested cohorts.”

    From Measuring biological age using omics data (2022) · cites this paper as [81]

  • Peters et al.'s transcriptomic age gap correlated with different biological ageing measures than the Horvath and Hannum clocks.

    “Peters et al.’s transcriptomic age gap correlated with different biological ageing measures to those of the Horvath and Hannum clocks81;”

    From Measuring biological age using omics data (2022) · cites this paper as [81]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Sobel M. E. Sociological Methodology Vol. 13, 290– 312 (1982).

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Peters, M. J., Joehanes, R., Pilling, L. C., Schurmann, C., Conneely, K. N., Powell, J., Reinmaa, E., Sutphin, G. L., Zhernakova, A., Schramm, K., Wilson, Y. A., Kobes, S., Tukiainen, T., NABEC/UKBEC Consortium, Nalls, M. A., Hernandez, D. G., Cookson, M. R., Gibbs, R. J., Hardy, J., Ramasamy, A., Zonderman, A. B., Dillman, A., Traynor, B., Smith, C., Longo, D. L., Trabzuni, D., Troncoso, J., van der Brug, M., Weale, M. E., O'Brien, R., Johnson, R., Walker, R., Zielke, R. H., Arepalli, S., Ryten, M., Singleton, A. B., Ramos, Y. F., Göring, H. H. H., Fornage, M., Liu, Y., Gharib, S. A., Stranger, B. E., De Jager, P. L., Aviv, A., Levy, D., Murabito, J. M., Munson, P. J., Huan, T., Hofman, A., Uitterlinden, A. G., Rivadeneira, F., van Rooij, J., Stolk, L., Broer, L., Verbiest, M. M. P. J., Jhamai, M., Arp, P., Metspalu, A., Tserel, L., Milani, L., Samani, N. J., Peterson, P., Kasela, S., Codd, V., Peters, A., Ward-Caviness, C. K., Herder, C., Waldenberger, M., Roden, M., Singmann, P., Zeilinger, S., Illig, T., Homuth, G., Grabe, H.-J., Völzke, H., Steil, L., Kocher, T., Murray, A., Melzer, D., Yaghootkar, H., Bandinelli, S., Moses, E. K., Kent, J. W., Curran, J. E., Johnson, M. P., Williams-Blangero, S., Westra, H.-J., McRae, A. F., Smith, J. A., Kardia, S. L. R., Hovatta, I., Perola, M., Ripatti, S., Salomaa, V., Henders, A. K., Martin, N. G., Smith, A. K., Mehta, D., Binder, E. B., Nylocks, K. M., Kennedy, E. M., Klengel, T., Ding, J., Suchy-Dicey, A. M., Enquobahrie, D. A., Brody, J., Rotter, J. I., Chen, Y.-D. I., Houwing-Duistermaat, J., Kloppenburg, M., Slagboom, P. E., Helmer, Q., den Hollander, W., Bean, S., Raj, T., Bakhshi, N., Wang, Q. P., Oyston, L. J., Psaty, B. M., Tracy, R. P., Montgomery, G. W., Turner, S. T., Blangero, J., Meulenbelt, I., Ressler, K. J., Yang, J., Franke, L., Kettunen, J., Visscher, P. M., Neely, G. G., Korstanje, R., Hanson, R. L., Prokisch, H., Ferrucci, L., Esko, T., Teumer, A., van Meurs, J. B. J., & Johnson, A. D.
Affiliations
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • Boston University (US)
  • University of Exeter (GB)
  • Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (DE)
  • Emory University (US)
  • The University of Queensland (AU)
  • University of Tartu (EE)
  • Jackson Laboratory (US)
  • University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
  • Helmholtz Munich (DE)
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
  • National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
  • Guy's Hospital (GB)
  • University of Edinburgh (GB)
  • King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre (SA)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
  • Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
  • Texas Biomedical Research Institute (US)
  • The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
  • Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Chicago (US)
  • Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (US)
  • University of Leicester (GB)
  • Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum e.V. (DE)
  • Düsseldorf University Hospital (DE)
  • Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
  • Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze (IT)
  • The University of Western Australia (AU)
  • Broad Institute (US)
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
  • QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
  • Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Group Health Cooperative (US)
  • University of Vermont (US)
  • Mayo Clinic (US)
  • National Institute on Aging (US)
Corresponding author
Johnson, Andrew D.
ORCID
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2015-10-22
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
8570-8570
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2173367702
Cited by
725
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 74 · 2025: 82 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 4
FWCI
17.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
  • QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • ScholarWorks @ UTRGV (The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • UNSWorks (UNSW Sydney) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
  • Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
  • mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
  • The Mouseion at the JAXlibrary (Jackson Laboratory) (submittedVersion)
  • Site cant be reached (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München (submittedVersion)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0611-10170)
  • European Commission (HEALTH-F2-2008 35627, 201865)
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (050.060.810, 911-03-012, 175.010.2005.011, 917103521)
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000124)
  • National Institute on Aging (R01AG029451, R01AG031277)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL105756)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK063491)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords
aging, chronological age, peripheral blood gene expression, CpG methylation, enhancers, insulators, epigenetic clocks, blood pressure, cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, European ancestry
MeSH terms
Aging, Humans, Biomarkers, DNA Methylation, Gene Expression Profiling, White People, Transcriptome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review