Targeting mutant p53 for efficient cancer therapy
Abstract
The tumour suppressor gene TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in cancer. Wild-type p53 can suppress tumour development by multiple pathways. However, mutation of TP53 and the resultant inactivation of p53 allow evasion of tumour cell death and rapid tumour progression. The high frequency of TP53 mutation in tumours has prompted efforts to restore normal function of mutant p53 and thereby trigger tumour cell death and tumour elimination. Small molecules that can reactivate missense-mutant p53 protein have been identified by different strategies, and two compounds are being tested in clinical trials. Novel approaches for targeting TP53 nonsense mutations are also underway. This Review discusses recent progress in pharmacological reactivation of mutant p53 and highlights problems and promises with these strategies.
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Self-citationTXNIP maintains the hematopoietic cell pool by switching the function of p53 under oxidative stress
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A temperature‐sensitive mutant of human p53.
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Wild-type p53 induces apoptosis in a Burkitt lymphoma (BL) line that carries mutant p53.
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Self-citationRegulation of Mutant p53 Temperature-sensitive DNA Binding
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Oncogenic Intra-p53 Family Member Interactions in Human Cancers
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PRIMA-1MET inhibits growth of mouse tumors carrying mutant p53.
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More targets, more pathways and more clues for mutant p53
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p53 Reactivation by PRIMA-1Met (APR-246) sensitises V600E/KBRAF melanoma to vemurafenib
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Restoration of Mutant TP53 to Normal TP53 Function by Glycerol as a Chemical Chaperone
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Broadening horizons: the role of ferroptosis in cancer
Chen, X., Kang, R., Kroemer, G., & Tang, D. (2021) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00462-0 · Cited by 2,942 · see citing works
Targeting apoptosis in cancer therapy
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Targeting Ferroptosis as a Vulnerability in Cancer
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Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in anticancer immunity
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Targeting p53 pathways: mechanisms, structures, and advances in therapy
Wang, H., Guo, M., Wei, H., & Chen, Y. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01347-1 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works
“3,4 p53 protein functions primarily as a transcription factor, which regulates a wide variety of pathways, such as cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cell apoptosis, autophagy, and metabolism, 1,5,6 and determines whether cells die under stress conditions.”
BackgroundMutant p53 as a guardian of the cancer cell
Mantovani, F., Collavin, L., & Sal, G. D. (2018) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-018-0246-9 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
The role of ubiquitination in tumorigenesis and targeted drug discovery
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“In addition, p53 also plays an important role in cell metabolism by inhibiting glycolysis and promoting oxidative phosphorylation in response to nutrient stimulation.(214,215) Under the stimulation of low carcinogenicity and genotoxicity, p53 is persistently expressed, but its protein level is often maintained at low…”
BackgroundTargeting mutant p53 for cancer therapy: direct and indirect strategies
Hu, J., Cao, J., Topatana, W., Juengpanich, S., Li, S., Zhang, B., Shen, J., Cai, L., Cai, X., & Chen, M. (2021) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-021-01169-0 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Clinical update on head and neck cancer: molecular biology and ongoing challenges
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Overcoming cancer therapeutic bottleneck by drug repurposing
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“In addition, p53 can induce apoptosis when irreparable damage occurs.(205,206) Accumulating evidence indicates a lack of crucial tumor suppressors (including, but not limited, to RB and p53) stimulating progression to neoplasia.”
BackgroundMutant p53 in cancer: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic modulation
Chen, X., Zhang, T., Su, W., Dou, Z., Zhao, D., Jin, X., Lei, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Cheng, B., et al. (2022) · Cell Death & Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-022-05408-1 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
“Mutp53 spectrum in cancer Evidence suggests that the TP53 mutational spectrum differs between tumors [38, 39].”
BackgroundIdentifying and Targeting Human Tumor Antigens for T Cell-Based Immunotherapy of Solid Tumors
Leko, V., & Rosenberg, S. A. (2020) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.07.013 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
“Several hotspot mSNVs may affect the TP53 gene, which is mutated in almost 50% cases of all human cancers (Bykov et al., 2018).”
BackgroundDrug repurposing for cancer therapy
Xia, Y., Sun, M., Huang, H., & Jin, W.-L. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01808-1 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
“128,129 However, some tumors are able to bypass these suppressor genes or deactivate pivotal tumor suppressors.”
Backgroundp53 modifications: exquisite decorations of the powerful guardian
Liu, Y., Tavana, O., & Gu, W. (2019) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjz060 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Sex differences in cancer mechanisms
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Targeting p53 for the treatment of cancer
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The Role of p53 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer
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Towards precision medicine for AML
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Molecular alterations and targeted therapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Qian, Y., Gong, Y., Fan, Z., Luo, G., Huang, Q., Deng, S., Cheng, H., Jin, K., Ni, Q., Yu, X., et al. (2020) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-020-00958-3 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
“TP53 reactivators include cys-targeting agents such as CP-31398 and APR-246, Zn chelators such as COTI-2, and other proteins that potentially stabilize p53, help p53 refold, or inhibit the aggregation of aberrant p53 [92].”
BackgroundTargeting signaling pathways in prostate cancer: mechanisms and clinical trials
He, Y., Xu, W., Xiao, Y., Huang, H., Gu, D., & Ren, S. (2022) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-022-01042-7 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
“” Activated p53 binds to a specific DNA sequence as a tetramer to promote gene expression (such as CDKN1A, BAX, PUMA, and NOXA), thus inducing cell apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest.(364) The TP53 gene, which encodes the p53 protein, is frequently mutated in PCa, especially in neuroendocrine-like mCRPC.”
BackgroundThe complexity of p53-mediated metabolic regulation in tumor suppression
Liu, Y., & Gu, W. J. (2021) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.010 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
APR-246 reactivates mutant p53 by targeting cysteines 124 and 277
Zhang, Q., Bykov, V. J. N., Wiman, K. G., & Zawacka-Pankau, J. (2018) · Cell Death & Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-018-0463-7 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Self-citationTargeted therapy for head and neck cancer: signaling pathways and clinical studies
Li, Q., Tie, Y., Alu, A., Ma, X., & Shi, H. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-022-01297-0 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
“P53 can be activated by cell cycle checkpoint kinases (such as CHK1 and CHK2), which induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.(113,117) The p53 signaling pathway is shown in Fig.”
BackgroundMutant p53 in cancer therapy—the barrier or the path
Zhou, X. Y., Hao, Q., & Lu, H. (2018) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjy072 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
“In addition to the abovementioned GOF, p53 mutants are also found to induce angiogenesis, enable replicative immortality, regulate GTPase activity and so on, which have been elaborately discussed in other review articles (Freed-Pastor and Prives, 2012; Muller and Vousden, 2014; Bykov et al., 2018; Kim and Lozano, 2018…”
BackgroundWaarts, M. R., Stonestrom, A. J., Park, Y. C., & Levine, R. L. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci154943 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Glutathione S-Transferases in Cancer
Singh, R. R., & Reindl, K. M. (2021) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox10050701 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
“Functional inactivation of p53 gives rise to various unstable genomes that cause more than 60% of all human cancers [144].”
BackgroundLong noncoding RNA AGPG regulates PFKFB3-mediated tumor glycolytic reprogramming
Liu, J., Liu, Z., Wu, Q.-N., Lu, Y., Wong, C., Miao, L., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Jin, Y., He, M.-M., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15112-3 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
“Because PFKFB3 contains a kinase domain and a phosphatase domain, three human FLAG-tagged PFKFB3 vectors harboring FL (1-520), N-terminal (N, 1–245) and C-terminal (C, 246–520) constructs were constructed to identify the PFKFB3 residues that associated with AGPG.”
BackgroundMutant p53 in Cancer Progression and Targeted Therapies
Zhu, G., Pan, C., Bei, J., Li, B., Chen, L., Xu, Y., & Fu, X. (2020) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.595187 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
“Besides, MAPK and mTOR pathways are also involved in COTI-2 induced apoptosis or senescence (80, 94, 95).”
BackgroundInfluentialInjectable thermosensitive hydrogel-based drug delivery system for local cancer therapy
Xiao, Y., Gu, Y., Qin, L., Chen, L., Chen, X., Cui, W., Li, F., Xiang, N., & He, X. (2021) · Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111581 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Liu, H., Liu, Y., Yang, F., Zhang, L., Zhang, F., Hu, X., Shao, Z., & Li, D. (2020) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa130 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
“As the p53 gene is frequently mutated or silenced in human cancer (5,6), most cancer cells have a dysfunctional G1 / S checkpoint and therefore depend on the S and G2 / M checkpoints for survival in response to genotoxic stress (7).”
Kim, J., Yu, L., Chen, W., Xu, Y., Wu, M., Todorova, D., Tang, Q., Feng, B., Jiang, L., Chen, G., et al. (2019) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2018.12.012 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Ferroptosis as a mechanism to mediate p53 function in tumor radiosensitivity
Lei, G., Zhang, Y., Hong, T., Zhang, X., Liu, X., Mao, C., Yan, Y., Koppula, P., Cheng, W., Sood, A. K., et al. (2021) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-021-01790-w · Cited by 201 · see citing works
“p53 is the most mutated tumor suppressor in human cancers, and can also be inactivated through multiple other mechanisms, such as gene deletion and epigenetic silencing [8, 9].”
BackgroundTrial watch: IDO inhibitors in cancer therapy
Naour, J. L., Galluzzi, L., Zitvogel, L., Kroemer, G., & Vacchelli, E. (2020) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.1080/2162402x.2020.1777625 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
The anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides in vitro: A review
Wu, J., Zhang, Y., Ye, L., & Wang, C. (2020) · Carbohydrate Polymers · doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117308 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“The loss of p53 occurs in nearly all human cancers, making it an important tumor suppressor (Bykov et al., 2018; Li et al., 2012; Vogelstein et al., 2000).”
BackgroundInjectable Hydrogels for Localized Cancer Therapy
Fan, D., Tian, Y., & Liu, Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2019.00675 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
“Possible therapies include chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and gene therapy (Wang et al., 2013; Roy and Trinchieri, 2017; Bykov et al., 2018; Senft et al., 2018).”
BackgroundThe role of ubiquitin-specific peptidases in cancer progression
Young, M.-J., Hsu, K., Lin, T. E., Chang, W., & Hung, J. (2019) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0522-0 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Reactive Oxygen Species Induced p53 Activation: DNA Damage, Redox Signaling, or Both?
Shi, T., & Dansen, T. B. (2020) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2020.8074 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“Color images are available online. effects of several of these compounds turned out to derive from elevated ROS levels (9, 24, 184).”
Gain-of-Function Mutant p53: All the Roads Lead to Tumorigenesis
Stein, Y., Rotter, V., & Aloni-Grinstein, R. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20246197 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
“Based on the wisdom of Mother Nature, the development of new cancer medicines, aimed at the correction of the mutant p53 form [96,97], may provide new horizons in cancer treatment.”
Backgroundp53 at the crossroad of DNA replication and ribosome biogenesis stress pathways
Lindström, M. S., Bártek, J., & Maya‐Mendoza, A. (2022) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-022-00999-w · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Thermocatalytic hydrogen peroxide generation and environmental disinfection by Bi2Te3 nanoplates
Lin, Y.-J., Khan, I., Saha, S., Wu, C., Barman, S. R., Kao, F., & Lin, Z. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20445-0 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
The Mevalonate Pathway, a Metabolic Target in Cancer Therapy
Guerra, B., Recio, C., Aranda-Tavío, H., Guerra-Rodríguez, M., García-Castellano, J. M., & Fernández‐Pérez, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.626971 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“Loss-of-function of tumor suppressor protein p53 (TP53) (86, 87) and cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks)- retinoblastome suppressor Frontiers in Oncology | www.frontiersin.org 10 protein (Rb)- transcription factor E2F Transcription Factor 1 (E2F1) pathway (88–90), novel regulators of metabolism, promotes the acquisition a…”
BackgroundInfluentialClassification of adult‐type diffuse gliomas: Impact of the World Health Organization 2021 update
Whitfield, B. T., & Huse, J. T. (2022) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.13062 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
“The aptly named “guardian of the genome,” TP53 encodes a central regulator of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to cellular stress [20].”
BackgroundCurrent developments of targeting the p53 signaling pathway for cancer treatment
Huang, J. L. (2020) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107720 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Yang, R., Chen, H., Xing, L., Wang, B., Hu, M., Ou, X., Chen, H., Deng, Y., Liu, D., Jiang, R., et al. (2022) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-022-01567-z · Cited by 154 · see citing works
“p53 has been widely considered as a tumor suppressor in human cancers, which functions as a transcription factor to suppress cell proliferation by triggering cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through transactivation of its target genes, such as p21 and BAX [42].”
BackgroundMutant p53 on the Path to Metastasis
Tang, Q., Su, Z., Gu, W., & Rustgi, A. K. (2019) · Trends in cancer · doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2019.11.004 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
“Therefore, p53 mutants that are deficient in Zn2+ binding are reactivated [99].”
BackgroundGlutathione metabolism in ferroptosis and cancer therapy
Xue, X., Wang, M., Cui, J., Yang, M., Ma, L., Kang, R., Tang, D., & Wang, J. (2025) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2025.217697 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Targeting apoptotic pathways for cancer therapy
Tian, X., Srinivasan, P. R., Tajiknia, V., Uruchurtu, A. F. S. S., Seyhan, A. A., Carneiro, B. A., Cruz, A. D. L., Pinho-Schwermann, M. P., George, A., Zhao, S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci179570 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Roadmap to Targeted Therapies
Cordo’, V., van der Zwet, J. C. G., Canté-Barrett, K., Pieters, R., & Meijerink, J. P. P. (2020) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0093 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
“Various reactivators of mutant p53 that induce restoration of the wildtype conformation are in preclinical investigation (113).”
BackgroundHow mutations shape p53 interactions with the genome to promote tumorigenesis and drug resistance
Stiewe, T., & Haran, T. E. (2018) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2018.05.001 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
TP53 in bone and soft tissue sarcomas
Thoenen, E. A., Curl, A., & Iwakuma, T. (2019) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.06.010 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Mutation Hotspots in the β-Catenin Gene: Lessons from the Human Cancer Genome Databases.
Kim, S., & Jeong-Yu, S. (2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.14348/molcells.2018.0436 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
“As a novel strategy, the information obtained for mutant β-catenin can be implemented for mutant-specific anti-cancer therapeutics, as utilized for mutant p53 proteins (Bykov et al., 2018; Kotler et al., 2018).”
Backgroundp53 as a hub in cellular redox regulation and therapeutic target in cancer
Eriksson, S. E., Ceder, S., Bykov, V. J. N., & Wiman, K. G. (2019) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjz005 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“PK083, ZMC1, PK7088, stictic acid, and KSS-9, have been identified by rational design, database analysis and/or molecular modeling (Bykov et al., 2018).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPalanikumar, L., Karpauskaite, L., Al‐Sayegh, M., Chehade, I., Alam, M., Hassan, S., Maity, D., Ali, L., Kalmouni, M., Hunashal, Y., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23985-1 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Ubiquitination by HUWE1 in tumorigenesis and beyond
Kao, S.-H., Wu, H., & Wu, K. (2018) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/s12929-018-0470-0 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Pathogenesis and Current Treatment of Osteosarcoma: Perspectives for Future Therapies
Rathore, R., & Tine, B. A. V. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10061182 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
“Mutant p53-reactivating compounds are being explored as a possible mechanism by which to selectively target mutations to TP53, which is encouraging for the field [85].”
BackgroundOptical/electrochemical methods for detecting mitochondrial energy metabolism
Ji, W., Tang, X. X., Du, W., Lu, Y., Wang, N., Wu, Q., Wei, W., Liu, J., Yu, H., Ma, B., et al. (2021) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d0cs01610a · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Development of synthetic lethality in cancer: molecular and cellular classification
Li, S., Topatana, W., Juengpanich, S., Cao, J., Hu, J., Zhang, B., Ma, D., Cai, X., & Chen, M. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00358-6 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“The tumor-suppressor gene TP53, a predominant target in SL research, is the most frequently mutated gene in cancers.(52) Identifying the synthetic lethal partners of p53 is a feasible method in clinical practice.”
MethodOvercoming anti-cancer drug resistance via restoration of tumor suppressor gene function
Gao, L., Wu, Z., Assaraf, Y. G., Chen, Z., & Wang, L. (2021) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2021.100770 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Role of p53 in the Regulation of the Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Suppression
Uehara, I., & Tanaka, N. (2018) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers10070219 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“Among these compounds, several have significant antitumor activities in cultured tumor cells and various mouse tumor models [20,21].”
BackgroundJia, T., Xu, J., Dong, S., He, F., Zhong, C., Yang, G., Bi, H., Xu, M., Hu, Y., Yang, D., et al. (2019) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/c9sc01615e · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Structures of p53/BCL-2 complex suggest a mechanism for p53 to antagonize BCL-2 activity
Wei, H., Wang, H., Wang, G., Qu, L., Jiang, L., Dai, S., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., Li, Y., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40087-2 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
“In approximately 50% of human cancers, p53 function is abrogated by genemutations 17 .”
Regulators of Oncogenic Mutant TP53 Gain of Function
Yamamoto, S., & Iwakuma, T. (2018) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers11010004 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“Although the exact mechanisms of mutp53 reactivation remain to be elucidated, these reactivators have been shown to efficiently induce cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in vitro and in vivo to suppress tumor malignancy and progression [39,53].”
BackgroundQin, J., Li, X., Hunt, C., Wang, W., Wang, H., & Zhang, R. (2018) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2018.07.002 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“, which have been discussed in several reviews.(98,99) Therefore, mutant p53 has been proposed as a preventive and therapeutic target in cancer.”
BackgroundLeu, J. I.-J., Murphy, M. E., & George, D. L. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1821277116 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Tsvetkova, D. D., & Ivanova, S. A. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27082466 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Luo, Y., Fang, L., Yu, H., Zhang, J., Lin, X., Liu, X., Wu, D., Li, G.-X., Deng, H., Zhang, Y., et al. (2020) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.036 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Insights of Crosstalk between p53 Protein and the MKK3/MKK6/p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Cancer
Stramucci, L., Pranteda, A., & Bossi, G. (2018) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers10050131 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
“Consistently with a central role of p53 in tumor suppression, a plethora of studies confirmed that impaired (in the case of loss-of-function) or aberrant p53 activity (in the case of gain-of-functions) [15–17], leads to increased predisposition to tumor development and hence the restoring of physiological p53 activity…”
BackgroundFujihara, K. M., Zhang, B. Z., Jackson, T. D., Ogunkola, M. O., Nijagal, B., Milne, J. V., Sallman, D. A., Ang, C.-S., Nikolic, I., Kearney, C. J., et al. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm9427 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Zhou, X., Zou, L., Chen, W., Yang, T., Luo, J., Wu, K., Shu, F., Tan, X., Yu, Y., Cen, S., et al. (2020) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105305 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Tang, Q., Liu, J., Jiang, Y. Y., Zhang, M., Mao, L., & Wang, M. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.9b17749 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Targeting the Oncogenic p53 Mutants in Colorectal Cancer and Other Solid Tumors
Li, H., Zhang, J., TONG, J. H. M., Chan, A. W. H., Yu, J. Q., Kang, W., & To, K. F. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20235999 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Cell fate regulation governed by p53: Friends or reversible foes in cancer therapy
Song, B., Yang, P., & Zhang, S. (2024) · 癌症:英文版 · doi:10.1002/cac2.12520 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Huang, Y., Liu, N., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Zhang, C., Long, S., Luo, G., Zhang, L., & Zhang, Y. (2019) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.1080/15384101.2019.1688951 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
“The core region of p53 shows as a tetramer that binds to DNA from two different rotation angles according to the cBioportal database, the TP53 website and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) TP53 database [50].”
MethodIdentification of a highly lethal V3 + TP53 + subset in ALK + lung adenocarcinoma
Christopoulos, P., Kirchner, M., Bozorgmehr, F., Endris, V., Elsayed, M., Budczies, J., Ristau, J., Penzel, R., Herth, F. J. F., Heußel, C. P., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.31893 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
“Besides, compounds that restore wild-type p53 transcriptional activity or reduce mutant p53 levels are currently being developed for the treatment of TP53 mutated tumors.(35) In summary, our study shows that TP53 mutations and V3 are independently associated with enhanced metastatic spread, shorter TKI responses and i…”
BackgroundLiao, H., Long, Y., Han, R., Wang, W., Xu, L., Liao, M., Zhang, Z., Wu, Z., Shang, X., Li, X., et al. (2020) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.102 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
“It is also noticeable that AUCs for TP53, of which the somatic mutations contribute to human cancers in different ways, 16,17 reached a value at 0.773 using Method 1 (Table S5).”
MethodInfluentialEmerging next-generation sequencing-based discoveries for targeted osteosarcoma therapy
Zhao, J., Dean, D. C., Hornicek, F. J., Yu, X., & Duan, Z. (2020) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.020 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Stein, E. M., DeAngelo, D. J., Chromik, J., Chatterjee, M., Bauer, S., Lin, C.-C., Suárez, C., Vos, F. D., Steeghs, N., Cassier, P. A., et al. (2021) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1295 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“Increasing p53 activity represents a potential therapeutic target that could offer patients with a range of different tumor types new treatment options (11, 27, 28).”
BackgroundRangel, L. P., Ferretti, G. D. S., Costa, C. L., Andrade, S. M. M. V., Carvalho, R. S., da Costa, D. C. F., & Silva, J. L. (2019) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.ra118.004671 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“Phase I studies of PRIMA-1, a PRIMA-1 analog associated with cisplatin, have been concluded, and phase II trials are now in development (25, 26).”
BackgroundInfluentialZhang, Y., Xia, M., Zhou, Z., Hu, X., Wang, J., Zhang, M., Li, Y., Sun, L., Chen, F., & Yu, H. (2021) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s282489 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Mrózek, K., Eisfeld, A., Kohlschmidt, J., Carroll, A. J., Walker, C. J., Nicolet, D., Blachly, J. S., Bill, M., Papaioannou, D., Wang, E. S., et al. (2019) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-019-0390-3 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Drugging “undruggable” genes for cancer treatment: Are we making progress?
Duffy, M. J., & Crown, J. P. (2020) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.33197 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Emerging Pathological Engagement of Ferroptosis in Gut Diseases
Gao, W., Zhang, T., & Wu, H. (2021) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2021/4246255 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“In response to diverse stimuli, P53 is stabilized to mediate metabolic reprogramming, cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, and even cell death [150].”
DAXX represents a new type of protein-folding enabler
Huang, L., Agrawal, T., Zhu, G., Yu, S., Tao, L., Lin, J., Marmorstein, R., Shorter, J., & Yang, X. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03824-5 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Targeting oxidative stress-mediated regulated cell death as a vulnerability in cancer
Chen, D., Guo, Z., Yao, L., Sun, Y., Dian, Y., Zhao, D., Ke, Y., Zeng, F., Zhang, C., Deng, G., et al. (2025) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2025.103686 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“…its interaction with MDM2, and acetyl transferases such as CREBBP and KAT5, which activate p53 for specific DNA binding by acetylation [166,167]. p53 can also be directly modified by ROS through the oxidation of cysteine residues, thereby altering its conformation and function and…”
Zhao, T., Sun, D., Zhao, M., Lai, Y., Liu, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113908 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Deep CRISPR mutagenesis characterizes the functional diversity of TP53 mutations
Funk, J. S., Klimovich, M., Drangenstein, D., Pielhoop, O., Hunold, P., Borowek, A., Noeparast, M., Pavlakis, E., Neumann, M. M., Balourdas, D.-I., et al. (2025) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-024-02039-4 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Pharmacological reactivation of p53 in the era of precision anticancer medicine
Tuval, A., Strandgren, C., Heldin, A., Palomar-Siles, M., & Wiman, K. G. (2023) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00842-2 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“…reveal opportunities for the treatment of tumours carrying mutant TP53 and/or PMp53 with compounds capable of modulating the dynamic equilibrium between p53 conformations by either stabilizing the wild-type conformation or reverting misfolded p53 proteins to the wild-type conformation 56,57 .”
Self-citationTherapeutic vaccines for breast cancer: Has the time finally come?
Corti, C., Giachetti, P. P. M. B., Eggermont, A. M. M., Delaloge, S., & Curigliano, G. (2021) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2021.10.027 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“p53MVA Mutations in TP53 gene are present in a majority of solid tumours, resulting in the accumulation of oncogenic and potentially immunogenic p53 protein product within tumour cells [102].”
Deregulation and Targeting of TP53 Pathway in Multiple Myeloma
Jovanović, K., Escure, G., Demonchy, J., Willaume, A., de Wyngaert, Z. V., Farhat, M.-M., Chauvet, P., Facon, T. T. F., Quesnel, B., & Manier, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2018.00665 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Germline risk of clonal haematopoiesis
Silver, A. J., Bick, A. G., & Savona, M. R. (2021) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00356-6 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Degtjarik, O., Golovenko, D., Diskin-Posner, Y., Abrahmsén, L., Rozenberg, H., & Shakked, Z. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27142-6 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
COTI-2 reactivates mutant p53 and inhibits growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells
Synnott, N. C., O’Connell, D. J., Crown, J. P., & Duffy, M. J. (2019) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/s10549-019-05435-1 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Li, T., Jiang, S., Zhang, Y., Luo, J., Li, M., Ke, H., Deng, Y., Yang, T., Sun, X., & Chen, H. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38128-x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Venetoclax therapy and emerging resistance mechanisms in acute myeloid leukaemia
Nwosu, G. O., Ross, D. M., Powell, J. A., & Pitson, S. M. (2024) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-024-06810-7 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“Mutations in the tumour suppressor gene TP53 are the most frequently observed genetic aberration in cancers [74] and are found in up to 8% of diagnostic AML patients (Table 1) [29].”
BackgroundUSP15-dependent lysosomal pathway controls p53-R175H turnover in ovarian cancer cells
Padmanabhan, A., Candelaria, N., Wong, K.-K., Nikolai, B. C., Lonard, D. M., O’Malley, B. W., & Richards, J. S. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03599-w · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Analysis and Interpretation of the Impact of Missense Variants in Cancer
Petrosino, M., Novak, L., Pasquo, A., Chiaraluce, R., Turina, P., Capriotti, E., & Consalvi, V. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22115416 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“The tumor suppressor p53 is one of the most frequently mutated proteins found in cancer [52,53,81].”
BackgroundTargeting Ribosome Biogenesis in Cancer: Lessons Learned and Way Forward
Zisi, A., Bártek, J., & Lindström, M. S. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14092126 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“There are efforts underway to restore the function of mutant p53 or re-introduce wild type p53, and such strategies may be used to complement or potentiate the RiBi stress-inducing agents [63].”
BackgroundHuman MYC G-quadruplex: From discovery to a cancer therapeutic target
Wang, W., Hu, S., Gu, Y., Yan, Y., Stovall, D. B., Li, D., & Sui, G. (2020) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188410 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The multiple roles and therapeutic potential of HSP60 in cancer
Tang, Y., Zhou, Y., Fan, S., & Wen, Q. (2022) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115096 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Xiao, W., Du, N., Huang, T., Guo, J., Mo, X., Yuan, T., Chen, Y., Ye, T., Xu, C., Wang, W., et al. (2018) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.019 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
“TP53, a well-known tumor suppressor and transcriptional activator or repressor, is the most frequently mutated genes in cancer [9], mutation of which allows tumor evasion and induces rapid tumor progression [10].”
- Authors
- Bykov, V. J. N., Eriksson, S. E., Bianchi, J., & Wiman, K. G.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Wiman, Klas G.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Cancer
- Published
- 2017-12-15
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 89-102
- ISSN
- 1474-175X (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1768
- OpenAlex
- W2772062014
- Cited by
- 889
- References
- 159
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 100 · 2023: 132 · 2022: 126 · 2021: 150 · 2020: 129 · 2019: 88 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 7.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Keywords
- TP53, mutant p53, p53 reactivation, missense mutations, nonsense mutation, tumor suppressor, cancer therapy, cancer cell death, clinical trials
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Humans, Mutation, Neoplasms, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Cell Death, Mutant Proteins
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