Glutaminolysis and transferrin regulate ferroptosis
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Ferroptosis has emerged as a new form of regulated necrosis that is implicated in various human diseases. However, the mechanisms of ferroptosis are not well defined. This study reports the discovery of multiple molecular components of ferroptosis and its intimate interplay with cellular metabolism and redox machinery. Nutrient starvation often leads to sporadic apoptosis. Strikingly, we found that upon deprivation of amino acids, a more rapid and potent necrosis process can be induced in a serum-dependent manner, which was subsequently determined to be ferroptosis. Two serum factors, the iron-carrier protein transferrin and amino acid glutamine, were identified as the inducers of ferroptosis. We further found that the cell surface transferrin receptor and the glutamine-fueled intracellular metabolic pathway, glutaminolysis, played crucial roles in the death process. Inhibition of glutaminolysis, the essential component of ferroptosis, can reduce heart injury triggered by ischemia/reperfusion, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for treating related diseases.
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Glutamine and transferrin induce ferroptosis under serum-deprivation conditions through glutaminolysis.
“Glutamine and transferrin were found to induce ferroptosis under serum-deprivation conditions, via the glutaminolysis pathway [38, 39].”
From Ferroptosis: Death by Lipid Peroxidation (2016) · cites this paper as [38]
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Kers, J., Leemans, J. C., & Linkermann, A. (2016) · Seminars in Nephrology · doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2016.03.002 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Metabolism and iron signaling in ferroptotic cell death
Gao, M., Monian, P., & Jiang, X. (2015) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.5671 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationDeciphering the acetylation code of p53 in transcription regulation and tumor suppression
Xia, Z., Kon, N., Gu, A. P., Tavana, O., & Gu, W. (2022) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-022-02331-9 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Leu, J. I.-J., Murphy, M. E., & George, D. L. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2009943117 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sun, G. G., Wang, C., Mazzarino, R. C., Perez-Corredor, P. A., Davtyan, H., Blurton-Jones, M., Lopera, F., Arboleda-Velasquez, J. F., & Shi, Y. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114982 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Shining a light on metabolic vulnerabilities in non-small cell lung cancer
Dowling, C. M., Zhang, H., Chonghaile, T. N., & Wong, K.-K. (2021) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188462 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gao, M., Monian, P., Quadri, N., Ramasamy, R., & Jiang, X.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jiang, Xuejun
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 298-308
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4506736
- OpenAlex
- W1589007430
- Cited by
- 2,069
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 199 · 2025: 297 · 2024: 317 · 2023: 311 · 2022: 314 · 2021: 237 · 2020: 151 · 2019: 103 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 35.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG026467)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL102022, P01HL060901, P01-HL60901)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA166413, P30CA008748)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM113013)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Keywords
- ferroptosis, glutaminolysis, transferrin, transferrin receptor, glutamine, amino acid starvation, nutrient deprivation, iron metabolism, redox regulation, cellular metabolism, regulated necrosis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Cystine, Glutamine, Glutathione, Humans, Iron, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Necrosis, Oxidation-Reduction, Receptors, Transferrin, Transferrin, Myocardial Reperfusion Injury, Cell Death, Apoptosis, Mice, Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Metabolic Networks and Pathways
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