An insight into the antifungal pipeline: selected new molecules and beyond

Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis; Casadevall, Arturo; Galgiani, John N.; Odds, Frank C.; Rex, John H.

doi:10.1038/nrd3074

Cited by 432Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityFungal Infections and StudiesFungal Plant Pathogen Control

An insight into the antifungal pipeline: selected new molecules and beyond

Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, Casadevall, Arturo, Galgiani, John N., Odds, Frank C., Rex, John H.·2010·Nature Reviews Drug Discovery

DOI 10.1038/nrd3074

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Abstract

Invasive fungal infections are increasing in incidence and are associated with substantial mortality. Improved diagnostics and the availability of new antifungals have revolutionized the field of medical mycology in the past decades. This Review focuses on recent developments in the antifungal pipeline, concentrating on promising candidates such as new azoles, polyenes and echinocandins, as well as agents such as nikkomycin Z and the sordarins. Developments in vaccines and antibody-based immunotherapy are also discussed. Few therapeutic products are currently in active development, and progression of therapeutic agents with fungus-specific mechanisms of action is of key importance.

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Polyenes are the oldest class of antifungal agents, dating back to the 1950s, with amphotericin B being the first FDA-approved antifungal for invasive fungal infections including candidiasis.
“The polyenes are the oldest class of antifungal agents, their discovery and development dating back to the 1950s, with amphotericin B being the first ever FDA-approved antifungal for the treatment of invasive fungal infections, including candidiasis [23,24].”
From Antifungal therapy of Candida biofilms: Past, present and future (2023) · cites this paper as [24]
Azole derivatives were developed mostly in the 1980s and 1990s and represent the largest class of antifungal agents used today in clinical medicine.
“Azole derivatives was the next class of antifungals, developed mostly in the 1980s and 1990s [23,24]. They represent the largest class of antifungal agents used today in clinical medicine [35].”
From Antifungal therapy of Candida biofilms: Past, present and future (2023) · cites this paper as [24]
The number of available antifungals is limited, and antifungal-resistant Candida strains are emerging.
“Moreover, the number of available antifungals is limited, and antifungal-resistant Candida strains are emerging.”
From In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of a Novel Antifungal Small Molecule against Candida Infections (2014) · cites this paper as [17]

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“The upc2 ∆ / upc2 ∆ mutant exhibited significantly heightened sensitivity to three inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis: FLC (an Erg11 inhibitor) [34], terbinafine (an Erg1 inhibitor) [35,36], and fluvastatin (an Hmg1 inhibitor) [35].”

Authors: Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., Casadevall, A., Galgiani, J. N., Odds, F. C., & Rex, J. H.
Affiliations: Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
University of Arizona (US)
University of Aberdeen (GB)
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) (GB)
ORCID: Casadevall, Arturo
Galgiani, John N.
Rex, John H.
Venue: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-08-20
Volume: 9
Issue: 9
Pages: 719-727
ISSN: 1474-1776 (ISSN-L)
1474-1784
DOI: 10.1038/nrd3074
OpenAlex: W2055593282
Cited by: 432
References: 105
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 3.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (AI-065359)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI065359, U54AI065359)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
Keywords: antifungal drug discovery, invasive fungal infections, azoles, polyenes, echinocandins, nikkomycin Z, sordarin, antifungal vaccines, antibody-based immunotherapy
MeSH terms: Animals, Antifungal Agents, Fungal Vaccines, Humans, Immunotherapy, Mycoses, Drug Design, Drug Delivery Systems

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An insight into the antifungal pipeline: selected new molecules and beyond

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