What is the best diet for cardiovascular wellness? A comparison of different nutritional models
Open accessAbstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent to date the leading cause of mortality in both genders in the developed countries. In this context, a strong need for CVD prevention is emerging through lifestyle modification and nutrition. In fact, several studies linked CVD with unhealthy nutrition, alcohol consumption, stress, and smoking, together with a low level of physical activity. Thus, the primary aim is to prevent and reduce CVD risk factors, such as impaired lipid and glycemic profiles, high blood pressure and obesity. Different types of diet have been, therefore, established to optimize the approach regarding this issue such as the Mediterranean diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet (DASH), vegetarian diet, ketogenic diet, and Japanese diet. Depending on the diet type, recommendations generally emphasize subjects to increase vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and pulses consumption, but discourage or recommend eliminating red meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages, along with processed foods that are high in sugar, salt, fat, or low in dietary fiber. In particular, we evaluated and compared the peculiar aspects of these well-known dietary patterns and, thus, this review evaluates the critical factors that increase CVD risk and the potential application and benefits of nutritional protocols to ameliorate dietary and lifestyle patterns for CVD prevention.
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The Mediterranean diet has been negatively related to various chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other metabolic conditions.
“In addition, it has been negatively related to various chronic diseases, such as CVD [106], cancer [107], obesity [108], type 2 diabetes [88], and other metabolic conditions [109].”
From Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence? (2022) · cites this paper as [106]
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- Authors
- Migliaccio, S., Brasacchio, C., Pivari, F., Salzano, C., Barrea, L., Muscogiuri, G., Savastano, S., Colao, A., & on behalf of Obesity Programs of nutrition, E.
- Affiliations
- Foro Italico University of Rome (IT)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Federico II University Hospital (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Migliaccio, Silvia
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity Supplements
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 50-61
- ISSN
- 2046-2166 (ISSN-L)
- 2046-2174
- PMC
- PMC7371887
- OpenAlex
- W3042667674
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity Supplements (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Keywords
- cardiovascular disease prevention, dietary habits, Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, vegetarian diet, ketogenic diet, Japanese diet, cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle modification, dietary recommendations, sugar-sweetened beverages, processed foods, red meat consumption
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