Cited by 572Chemokine receptors and signalingNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsInflammation biomarkers and pathways

Neutrophil chemoattractant receptors in health and disease: Double-edged swords

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Metzemaekers, Mieke, Gouwy, Mieke, Proost, Paul·2020·Cellular & Molecular Immunology

Abstract

Neutrophils are frontline cells of the innate immune system. These effector leukocytes are equipped with intriguing antimicrobial machinery and consequently display high cytotoxic potential. Accurate neutrophil recruitment is essential to combat microbes and to restore homeostasis, for inflammation modulation and resolution, wound healing and tissue repair. After fulfilling the appropriate effector functions, however, dampening neutrophil activation and infiltration is crucial to prevent damage to the host. In humans, chemoattractant molecules can be categorized into four biochemical families, i.e., chemotactic lipids, formyl peptides, complement anaphylatoxins and chemokines. They are critically involved in the tight regulation of neutrophil bone marrow storage and egress and in spatial and temporal neutrophil trafficking between organs. Chemoattractants function by activating dedicated heptahelical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In addition, emerging evidence suggests an important role for atypical chemoattractant receptors (ACKRs) that do not couple to G proteins in fine-tuning neutrophil migratory and functional responses. The expression levels of chemoattractant receptors are dependent on the level of neutrophil maturation and state of activation, with a pivotal modulatory role for the (inflammatory) environment. Here, we provide an overview of chemoattractant receptors expressed by neutrophils in health and disease. Depending on the (patho)physiological context, specific chemoattractant receptors may be up- or downregulated on distinct neutrophil subsets with beneficial or detrimental consequences, thus opening new windows for the identification of disease biomarkers and potential drug targets.

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  • In the presence of pathogens, host cells such as monocytes and macrophages secrete inflammatory and neutrophil chemoattractant mediators such as LTB4, IL-8, and CXCL6/GCP-2, which bind to specific receptors on the neutrophil surface.

    “In the presence of pathogens, different host cells (such as monocytes and macrophages) secrete inflammatory and neutrophil chemoattractant mediators (such as the leukotriene LTB4 involved in inflammation, the interleukin IL-8, and the chemokine CXCL6, a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, also known as granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 GCP-2) which bind to specific receptors on”

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Authors
Metzemaekers, M., Gouwy, M., & Proost, P.
Affiliations
KU Leuven (BE)
Corresponding author
Proost, Paul
Venue
Cellular & Molecular Immunology
Published
2020-04-01
Volume
17
Issue
5
Pages
433-450
ISSN
  • 1672-7681 (ISSN-L)
  • 2042-0226
OpenAlex
W3014824156
Cited by
570
References
246
Citations by year
2026: 75 · 2025: 124 · 2024: 115 · 2023: 110 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 9
FWCI
6.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cellular and Molecular Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Onderzoeksraad, KU Leuven (C16/17/010)
  • Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (G.0808.18N)
  • EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (779295)
  • Rega Foundation
  • M.M. obtained a PhD fellowship supported by the L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science initiative and the FWO-Vlaanderen
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Chemokine receptors and signaling
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
Keywords
neutrophils, chemoattractant receptors, G protein-coupled receptors, atypical chemokine receptors, formyl peptides, anaphylatoxins, chemokines, neutrophil trafficking, neutrophil maturation, inflammation resolution, tissue repair, disease biomarkers, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Animals, Chemotactic Factors, Disease, Health, Humans, Neutrophils, Signal Transduction, Receptors, Formyl Peptide

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