COVID-19-associated fungal infections

Hoenigl, Martin; Seidel, Danila; Sprute, Rosanne; Cunha, Cristina; Oliverio, Matteo; Goldman, Gustavo H.; Ibrahim, Ashraf S.; Carvalho, Agostinho

doi:10.1038/s41564-022-01172-2

Cited by 482Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityCOVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesFungal Infections and Studies

COVID-19-associated fungal infections

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Hoenigl, Martin, Seidel, Danila, Sprute, Rosanne, Cunha, Cristina, Oliverio, Matteo, Goldman, Gustavo H., Ibrahim, Ashraf S., Carvalho, Agostinho·2022·Nature Microbiology

DOI 10.1038/s41564-022-01172-2PMC PMC9362108

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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated invasive fungal infections are an important complication in a substantial number of critically ill, hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Three groups of fungal pathogens cause co-infections in COVID-19: Aspergillus, Mucorales and Candida species, including Candida auris. Here we review the incidence of COVID-19-associated invasive fungal infections caused by these fungi in low-, middle- and high-income countries. By evaluating the epidemiology, clinical risk factors, predisposing features of the host environment and immunological mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of these co-infections, we set the scene for future research and development of clinical guidance. Hoenigl and colleagues review the epidemiology, immunology and clinical risk factors contributing to COVID-19-associated fungal infections.

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Some studies found higher candidemia incidence among patients with COVID-19 infections compared to those without.
“In fact, some studies found higher candidemia incidence among patients with COVID-19 infections compared to those without.36–40”
From Epidemiology of Invasive Candidiasis (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The proportion of C. glabrata has increased particularly in the United States, Australia, and Northern Europe.
“The proportion of C. glabrata has increased particularly in the US, Australia, and Northern Europe.25,40,41,55,61”
From Epidemiology of Invasive Candidiasis (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
The COVID-19-associated candidiasis section discusses C. albicans and C. auris, but not a geographic increase in C. glabrata. The only C. glabrata mention found is in Immunomodulatory treatment, concerning antibody binding; searches for its proportion and for the US, Australia, and Northern Europe found no supporting passage. Page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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[162]162. Autier, B. et al. Aspergillus lateral flow assay with digital reader for the diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA): a multicenter study. J. Clin. Microbiol. 60, e0168921 (2022).

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Authors: Hoenigl, M., Seidel, D., Sprute, R., Cunha, C., Oliverio, M., Goldman, G. H., Ibrahim, A. S., & Carvalho, A.
Affiliations: Medical University of Graz (AT)
University of Cologne (DE)
University of Minho (PT)
Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author: Hoenigl, Martin
Carvalho, Agostinho
ORCID: Hoenigl, Martin
Seidel, Danila
Sprute, Rosanne
Cunha, Cristina
Oliverio, Matteo
Goldman, Gustavo H.
Ibrahim, Ashraf S.
Carvalho, Agostinho
Venue: Nature Microbiology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2022-08-02
Volume: 7
Issue: 8
Pages: 1127-1140
ISSN: 2058-5276 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01172-2
PMC: PMC9362108
OpenAlex: W4289522338
Semantic Scholar: b0ce17a66713ebb49ad0cd5d8e321baebca66c6e
Cited by: 482
References: 170
Citations by year: 2026: 73 · 2025: 107 · 2024: 139 · 2023: 146 · 2022: 15
FWCI: 15.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Nature Microbiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: NOVA | Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (PTDC/SAU-SER/29635/2017, UIDB/50026/2020 and UIDP/50026/2020)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI153356, R01AI063503)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (no. 847507)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, invasive fungal infections, fungal co-infection, Aspergillus, Mucorales, Candida auris, Candida, critically ill patients, risk factors, pathogenesis, low- and middle-income countries
MeSH terms: Invasive Fungal Infections, COVID-19, Candida, Humans, Mycoses, Coinfection

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