Cited by 1,5893D Printing in Biomedical ResearchMicrofluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis ApplicationsTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

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Human organs-on-chips for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine

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Ingber, Donald E.·2022·Nature Reviews Genetics

DOI 10.1038/s41576-022-00466-9PMC PMC8951665

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Abstract

The failure of animal models to predict therapeutic responses in humans is a major problem that also brings into question their use for basic research. Organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic devices lined with living cells cultured under fluid flow can recapitulate organ-level physiology and pathophysiology with high fidelity. Here, I review how single and multiple human organ chip systems have been used to model complex diseases and rare genetic disorders, to study host–microbiome interactions, to recapitulate whole-body inter-organ physiology and to reproduce human clinical responses to drugs, radiation, toxins and infectious pathogens. I also address the challenges that must be overcome for organ chips to be accepted by the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies, as well as discuss recent advances in the field. It is evident that the use of human organ chips instead of animal models for drug development and as living avatars for personalized medicine is ever closer to realization. This Review discusses the types of single and multiple human organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic devices and their diverse applications for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine, as well as the challenges that must be overcome for organ chips to reach their full potential.

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Authors: Ingber, D. E.
Affiliations: Boston Children's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Ingber, Donald E.
ORCID: Ingber, Donald E.
Venue: Nature Reviews Genetics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2022-03-25
Volume: 23
Issue: 8
Pages: 467-491
ISSN: 1471-0056 (ISSN-L)
1471-0064
DOI: 10.1038/s41576-022-00466-9
PMC: PMC8951665
OpenAlex: W4220652963
Cited by: 1,589
References: 151
Citations by year: 2026: 457 · 2025: 440 · 2024: 389 · 2023: 215 · 2022: 87
FWCI: 25.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Nature Reviews Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
National Institutes of Health
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (UH3HL141797)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Keywords: organ-on-a-chip, microfluidics, disease modeling, drug development, personalized medicine, alternative to animal models, rare genetic disorders, host-microbiome interactions, drug toxicity, infectious agents, regulatory acceptance, pharmaceutical industry
MeSH terms: Drug Development, Animals, Humans, Rare Diseases, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, Precision Medicine

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