Caloric restriction promotes functional changes involving short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis in the rat gut microbiota
Open accessAbstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is known to promote health and longevity, likely via modification of the gut microbiota (GM). However, functional and metabolic changes induced in the GM during CR are still unidentified. Here, we investigated the short- and long-term effects of CR on the rat GM using a metaproteogenomic approach. We show that a switch from ad libitum (AL) low fat diet to CR in young rats is able to induce rapid and deep changes in their GM metaproteomic profile, related to a reduction of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and an expansion of lactobacilli. Specifically, we observed a significant change in the expression of the microbial enzymes responsible for short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, with CR boosting propionogenesis and limiting butyrogenesis and acetogenesis. Furthermore, these CR-induced effects were maintained up to adulthood and started to be reversed after a short-term diet change. We also found that CR alters the abundance of an array of host proteins released in stool, mainly related to epithelial barrier integrity and inflammation. Hence, our results provide thorough information about CR-induced modifications to GM and host functional activity, and might constitute the basis for novel GM-based approaches aimed at monitoring the effectiveness of dietary interventions.
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Calorie restriction, primarily in animals, can improve the composition and associated metabolism of the gut microbiota, including increasing the relative abundances of probiotic and butyrate-producing microbes and increasing SCFA biosynthesis.
“Calorie restriction, primarily in animals, can improve the composition and associated metabolism of the gut microbiota, including increasing the relative abundances of probiotic and butyrate-producing microbes [159] and increasing SCFA biosynthesis [160].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [160]
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- Authors
- Tanca, A., Abbondio, M., Palomba, A., Fraumene, C., Marongiu, F., Serra, M., Pagnozzi, D., Laconi, E., & Uzzau, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Sassari (IT)
- University of Cagliari (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Uzzau, Sergio
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2018-10-03
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14778-14778
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6170429
- OpenAlex
- W2894116593
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UnissResearch (Università degli Studi di Sassari) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (IG 10604, 10604)
- Università degli Studi di Sassari
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- caloric restriction, gut microbiota, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, lactobacilli, acetogenesis, epithelial barrier integrity, intestinal inflammation, dietary intervention, aging
- MeSH terms
- Bacillota, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Lactobacillus, Longevity, Caloric Restriction, Bacteroidetes, Lipogenesis, Adipogenesis, Rats
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