Neural correlates of the DMT experience assessed with multivariate EEG
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Studying transitions in and out of the altered state of consciousness caused by intravenous (IV) N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT - a fast-acting tryptamine psychedelic) offers a safe and powerful means of advancing knowledge on the neurobiology of conscious states. Here we sought to investigate the effects of IV DMT on the power spectrum and signal diversity of human brain activity (6 female, 7 male) recorded via multivariate EEG, and plot relationships between subjective experience, brain activity and drug plasma concentrations across time. Compared with placebo, DMT markedly reduced oscillatory power in the alpha and beta bands and robustly increased spontaneous signal diversity. Time-referenced and neurophenomenological analyses revealed close relationships between changes in various aspects of subjective experience and changes in brain activity. Importantly, the emergence of oscillatory activity within the delta and theta frequency bands was found to correlate with the peak of the experience - particularly its eyes-closed visual component. These findings highlight marked changes in oscillatory activity and signal diversity with DMT that parallel broad and specific components of the subjective experience, thus advancing our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of immersive states of consciousness.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The study excluded participants with more than 15 lifetime psychedelic experiences, resulting in a sample with no or only little previous psychedelic experience.
“While other studies investigating psychedelics often include participants with previous psychedelic experience (17, 18), we excluded participants more than 15 lifetime psychedelic experiences resulting in a sample with no or only little previous psychedelic experience.”
From Potential therapeutic effects of an ayahuasca-inspired N,N-DMT and harmine formulation: a controlled trial in healthy subjects (2024) · cites this paper as [17]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Oostenveld, R., Fries, P., Maris, E., & Schoffelen, J.-M. (2011) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2011/156869 · Cited by 10,323 · see citing works
Buzsáki, G. (2006) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195301069.001.0001 · Cited by 4,873 · see citing works
The origin of extracellular fields and currents — EEG, ECoG, LFP and spikes
Buzsáki, G., Anastassiou, C. A., & Koch, C. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3241 · Cited by 4,225 · see citing works
What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI
Logothetis, N. K. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06976 · Cited by 3,612 · see citing works
Alpha-band oscillations, attention, and controlled access to stored information
Klimesch, W. (2012) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.10.007 · Cited by 3,310 · see citing works
Nichols, D. E. (2016) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.115.011478 · Cited by 1,762 · see citing works
Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443 · Cited by 1,386 · see citing works
(1996) · Journal of Consciousness Studies · Cited by 1,338 · see citing works
Carhart-Harris, R. L., Leech, R., Hellyer, P. J., Shanahan, M., Feilding, A., Tagliazucchi, E., Chialvo, D. R., & Nutt, D. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00020 · Cited by 1,252 · see citing works
Self-citationLimb proportions show developmental plasticity in response to embryo movement
Pollard, A., Charlton, B., Hutchinson, J. R., Gustafsson, T., McGonnell, I., Timmons, J., & Pitsillides, A. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep41926 · Cited by 1,188 · see citing works
Functional neuroanatomy of human rapid-eye-movement sleep and dreaming
Maquet, P., Péters, J.-M., Aerts, J., Delfiore, G., Degueldre, C., Luxen, A., & Franck, G. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/383163a0 · Cited by 1,168 · see citing works
van Kerkoerle, T., Self, M. W., Dagnino, B., Gariel-Mathis, M.-A., Poort, J., van der Togt, C., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1402773111 · Cited by 918 · see citing works
MacLean, K. A., Johnson, M. W., & Griffiths, R. R. (2011) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881111420188 · Cited by 895 · see citing works
Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging
Carhart-Harris, R. L., Muthukumaraswamy, S., Roseman, L., Kaelen, M., Droog, W., Murphy, K., Tagliazucchi, E., Schenberg, E. E., Nest, T., Orban, C., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1518377113 · Cited by 859 · see citing works
Self-citationPalhano-Fontes, F., Barreto, D., Onias, H., Andrade, K. C., Novaes, M. M., Pessoa, J. A., Mota-Rolim, S. A., Osório, F. L., Sanches, R., dos Santos, R. G., et al. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718001356 · Cited by 852 · see citing works
Petitmengin, C. (2006) · Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11097-006-9022-2 · Cited by 791 · see citing works
Korolczuk, I., Burle, B., Coull, J. T., & Śmigasiewicz, K. (2021) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01795 · Cited by 528 · see citing works
The entropic brain - revisited
Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2018) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.010 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Self-citationPeripheral Neuron Survival and Outgrowth on Graphene
Convertino, D., Luin, S., Marchetti, L., & Coletti, C. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00001 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Lutz, A., Lachaux, J.-P., Martinerie, J., & Varela, F. J. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.032658199 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Reduced Self-Control after 3 Months of Imprisonment; A Pilot Study
Meijers, J., Harte, J. M., Meynen, G., Cuijpers, P. J., & Scherder, E. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00069 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Simon, N., Käthner, I., Ruf, C. A., Pasqualotto, E., Kübler, A., & Halder, S. (2015) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.01039 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
Broadband Cortical Desynchronization Underlies the Human Psychedelic State
Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Moran, R., Brookes, M. J., Williams, T. M., Errtizoe, D., Sessa, B., Papadopoulos, A., Bolstridge, M., Singh, K. D., et al. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2063-13.2013 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Self-citationStrassman, R. J. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950020022002 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Separating Fractal and Oscillatory Components in the Power Spectrum of Neurophysiological Signal
Wen, H., & Liu, Z. (2016) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-015-0448-0 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Increased spontaneous MEG signal diversity for psychoactive doses of ketamine, LSD and psilocybin
Schartner, M. M., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Barrett, A. B., Seth, A. K., & Muthukumaraswamy, S. D. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep46421 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Self-citationEnhanced repertoire of brain dynamical states during the psychedelic experience
Tagliazucchi, E., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Leech, R., Nutt, D., & Chialvo, D. R. (2014) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.22562 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Self-citationKometer, M., Schmidt, A., Jancke, L., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3007-12.2013 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
LSD‐induced entropic brain activity predicts subsequent personality change
Lebedev, A. V., Kaelen, M., Lövdén, M., Nilsson, J., Feilding, A., Nutt, D. J., & Carhart‐Harris, R. L. (2016) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23234 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Self-citationDose-Response Study of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Humans
Strassman, R. J. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950020009001 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Human psychopharmacology of N,N-dimethyltryptamine
Strassman, R. J. (1995) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(96)00081-2 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Intrinsic dendritic filtering gives low-pass power spectra of local field potentials
Lindén, H., Pettersen, K. H., & Einevoll, G. T. (2010) · Journal of Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s10827-010-0245-4 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Lowe, A. D., Bawazeer, S., Watson, D. G., McGill, S., Burchmore, R., Pomeroy, P. P., & Kennedy, M. W. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16187-7 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
DMT Models the Near-Death Experience
Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Williams, L., Erritzøe, D., Martial, C., Cassol, H., Laureys, S., Nutt, D., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01424 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationDiscovering the structures of lived experience
Petitmengin, C., Remillieux, A., & Valenzuela-Moguillansky, C. (2018) · Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11097-018-9597-4 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Atasoy, S., Roseman, L., Kaelen, M., Kringelbach, M. L., Deco, G., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17546-0 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Self-citationSzára, S. (1956) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf02157378 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Altered Structure of Dynamic Electroencephalogram Oscillatory Pattern in Major Depression
Fingelkurts, A. A., & Fingelkurts, A. A. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.12.011 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Valle, M., Maqueda, A. E., Rabella, M., Rodríguez-Pujadas, A., Antonijoan, R. M., Romero, S., Alonso, J. F., Mañanas, M. À., Barker, S., Friedlander, P., et al. (2016) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.03.012 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Cameron, L. P., Benson, C. J., DeFelice, B. C., Fiehn, O., & Olson, D. E. (2019) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00692 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Estimating the Entropy Rate of Spike Trains via Lempel-Ziv Complexity
Amigó, J. M., Szczepański, J., Wajnryb, E., & Sanchez-Vives, M. V. (2004) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/089976604322860677 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Kometer, M., Pokorny, T., Seifritz, E., & Volleinweider, F. X. (2015) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4026-7 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Burnout in Health Professionals According to Their Self-Esteem, Social Support and Empathy Profile
Jurado, M. D. M. M., Fuentes, M. D. C. P., Linares, J. J. G., & Martín, A. B. B. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00424 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., & Liley, D. T. J. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.06.068 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationViol, A., Palhano-Fontes, F., Onias, H., de Araújo, D. B., & Viswanathan, G. M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06854-0 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
LSD modulates music-induced imagery via changes in parahippocampal connectivity
Kaelen, M., Roseman, L., Kahan, J., Santos-Ribeiro, A., Orbán, C., Lorenz, R., Barrett, F. S., Bolstridge, M., Williams, T., Williams, L., et al. (2016) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.03.018 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationStrassman, R. J., Qualls, C. R., & Berg, L. M. (1996) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00200-6 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Riba, J., Anderer, P., Morte, A., Urbano, G., Jané, F., Saletu, B., & Barbanoj, M. J. (2002) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01609.x · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Expecting to See a Letter: Alpha Oscillations as Carriers of Top-Down Sensory Predictions
Mayer, A., Schwiedrzik, C. M., Wibral, M., Singer, W., & Melloni, L. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv146 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Türkakın, E., Akbıyık, S., Akyol, B., Gürdere, C., Çakmak, Y. Ö., & Balcı, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00410 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Acute biphasic effects of ayahuasca.
Schenberg, E. E., Alexandre, J. F. M., Filev, R., Cravo, A. M., Sato, J. R., Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Yonamine, M., Waguespack, M., Lomnicka, I., Barker, S. A., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137202 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationSanz, C., Zamberlán, F., Erowid, E., Erowid, F., & Tagliazucchi, E. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00007 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Serotonergic psychedelics temporarily modify information transfer in humans.
Alonso, J. F., Romero, S., Mañanas, M. À., & Riba, J. (2015) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyv039 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
From synaptic plasticity to spatial maps and sequence learning
Mehta, M. R. (2015) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.22472 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Language Prediction Is Reflected by Coupling between Frontal Gamma and Posterior Alpha Oscillations
Wang, L., Peter Hagoort, A., & Jensen, O. B. (2017) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01190 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Microcognitive science: bridging experiential and neuronal microdynamics
Petitmengin, C., & Lachaux, J.-P. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00617 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Timmermann, C., Spriggs, M. J., Kaelen, M., Leech, R., Nutt, D., Moran, R., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Muthukumaraswamy, S. D. (2017) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.10.039 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationCarhart-Harris, R. L. (2007) · Neuropsychoanalysis · doi:10.1080/15294145.2007.10773557 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationIs the alpha rhythm a control parameter for brain responses?
̧ar, E. B., Yordanova, J., Kolev, V., & Başar‐Eroğlu, C. (1997) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s004220050360 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Was it a vision or a waking dream?
Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Nutt, D. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00255 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationNonlinear EEG Changes Associated with Clinical Improvement in Depressed Patients
Thomasson, N., Pézard, L., Allilaire, J., Renault, B., & Martinerie, J. M. (2000) · Nonlinear Dynamics Psychology and Life Sciences · doi:10.1023/a:1009580427443 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Lempel-Ziv and multiscale Lempel-Ziv complexity in depression
Kalev, K., Bachmann, M., Orgo, L., Lass, J., & Hinrikus, H. (2015) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7319310 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Darwin’s evolution theory, brain oscillations, and complex brain function in a new “Cartesian view”
Başar, E., & Güntekin, B. (2008) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.07.018 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Siclari, F., & Tononi, G. (2016) · The Neurology of Conciousness · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800948-2.00007-8 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
QEEG studies of the acute effects of the visionary tryptamine DMT.
Acosta‐Urquidi, J. (2015) · Cosmos and history · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.4069.4248 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
(2022) · doi:10.1162/jocn
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [4]Strassman, R. DMT: The spirit molecule. (Park Street Press, 2001).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Psychedelic drugs: neurobiology and potential for treatment of psychiatric disorders
Vollenweider, F. X., & Preller, K. H. (2020) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-020-0367-2 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Andersen, K. A. A., Carhart‐Harris, R., Nutt, D. J., & Erritzoe, D. (2021) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13249 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Self-citationThe neural basis of psychedelic action
Kwan, A. C., Olson, D. E., Preller, K. H., & Roth, B. L. (2022) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-022-01177-4 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Psilocybin desynchronizes the human brain
Siegel, J. S., Subramanian, S., Perry, D., Kay, B. P., Gordon, E. M., Laumann, T. O., Reneau, T. R., Metcalf, N. V., Chacko, R. V., Gratton, C., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07624-5 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Self-citationGregorio, D. D., Aguilar‐Valles, A., Preller, K. H., Heifets, B. D., Hibicke, M., Mitchell, J., & Gobbi, G. (2020) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1659-20.2020 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Separating Neural Oscillations from Aperiodic 1/f Activity: Challenges and Recommendations
Gerster, M., Waterstraat, G., Vladimir Litvak, A., Lehnertz, K., Schnitzler, A., Florin, E., Curio, G., & Nikulin, V. V. (2022) · Neuroinformatics · doi:10.1007/s12021-022-09581-8 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Human brain effects of DMT assessed via EEG-fMRI
Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Haridas, S., Rosas, F. E., Luan, L., Kettner, H., Martell, J., Erritzøe, D., Tagliazucchi, E., Pallavicini, C., et al. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2218949120 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationModels of psychedelic drug action: modulation of cortical-subcortical circuits
Doss, M. K., Madden, M. B., Gaddis, A., Nebel, M. B., Griffiths, R. R., Mathur, B. N., & Barrett, F. S. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab406 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Consciousness among delta waves: a paradox?
Frohlich, J., Toker, D., & Monti, M. M. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab095 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Consciousness and complexity: a consilience of evidence
Sarasso, S., Casali, A. G., Casarotto, S., Rosanova, M., Sinigaglia, C., & Massimini, M. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab023 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Cameron, L. P., Benson, C. J., DeFelice, B. C., Fiehn, O., & Olson, D. E. (2019) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00692 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Timmermann, C., Bauer, P. R., Gosseries, O., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Vollenweider, F., Laureys, S., Singer, T., Antonova, E., & Lutz, A. (2023) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2022.11.006 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationDavis, A. K., Clifton, J. M., Weaver, E. G., Hurwitz, E. S., Johnson, M. W., & Griffiths, R. R. (2020) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881120916143 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Microdosing with psilocybin mushrooms: a double-blind placebo-controlled study
Cavanna, F., Muller, S. L., de la Fuente, L. A., Zamberlán, F., Palmucci, M., Janeckova, L., Kuchař, M., Pallavicini, C., & Tagliazucchi, E. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-02039-0 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Singleton, S. P., Luppi, A. I., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Cruzat, J., Roseman, L., Nutt, D., Deco, G., Kringelbach, M. L., Stamatakis, E. A., & Kuceyeski, A. F. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33578-1 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationD’Souza, D. C., Syed, S. A., Flynn, L. T., Safi-Aghdam, H., Cozzi, N. V., & Ranganathan, M. (2022) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-022-01344-y · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Consciousness is supported by near-critical slow cortical electrodynamics
Toker, D., Pappas, I., Lendner, J. D., Frohlich, J., Mateos, D. M., Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Paff, M. R., Vespa, P. M., Monti, M. M., et al. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2024455119 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationUpdating the dynamic framework of thought: Creativity and psychedelics
Girn, M., Mills, C., Roseman, L., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Kalina Christoff, A. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116726 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationTimmermann, C., Watts, R., & Dupuis, D. (2022) · Transcultural Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/13634615221082796 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationClassic Psychedelic Drugs: Update on Biological Mechanisms
Vollenweider, F. X., & Smallridge, J. W. (2022) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/a-1721-2914 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Neurophenomenology – The Case of Studying Self Boundaries With Meditators
Berkovich‐Ohana, A., Dor‐Ziderman, Y., Trautwein, F., Schweitzer, Y., Nave, O., Fulder, S. J., & Ataria, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01680 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
The Neuropsychology of Anxiety
McNaughton, N., & Gray, J. A. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198843313.001.0001 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
DMT alters cortical travelling waves
Alamia, A., Timmermann, C., Nutt, D. J., VanRullen, R., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.59784 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationA narrative synthesis of research with 5-MeO-DMT
Ermakova, A. O., Dunbar, F., Rucker, J., & Johnson, M. W. (2021) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811211050543 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Acute effects of intravenous DMT in a randomized placebo-controlled study in healthy participants
Vogt, S. B., Ley, L., Erne, L., Straumann, I., Becker, A. M., Klaiber, A., Holze, F., Vandersmissen, A., Mueller, L., Duthaler, U., et al. (2023) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-023-02477-4 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“Thus, a psychedelic experience can be tailored to the speci fi c needs of patients and therapeutic settings.”
InfluentialLeptourgos, P., Fortier, M., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Corlett, P. R., Dupuis, D., Halberstadt, A. L., Kometer, M., Kozáková, E., Larøi, F., Noorani, T. N., et al. (2020) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa117 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychedelics, Sociality, and Human Evolution
Rodríguez Arce, J. M., & Winkelman, M. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729425 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Effects of External Stimulation on Psychedelic State Neurodynamics
Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Nutt, D., Feilding, A., Kaelen, M., Kringelbach, M. L., Barrett, A. B., Seth, A. K., et al. (2024) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00289 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationNeural and subjective effects of inhaled N,N-dimethyltryptamine in natural settings
Pallavicini, C., Cavanna, F., Zamberlán, F., de la Fuente, L. A., Ilksoy, Y. A., Perl, Y. S., Arias, M., Romero, C., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Timmermann, C., et al. (2021) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881120981384 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationA review on research and evaluation methods for investigating self-transcendence
Kitson, A., Chirico, A., Gaggioli, A., & Riecke, B. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.547687 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
A complex systems perspective on psychedelic brain action
Girn, M., Rosas, F. E., Daws, R. E., Gallen, C. L., Gazzaley, A. H., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2023) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2023.01.003 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationPhenomenology and content of the inhaled N, N-dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT) experience
Lawrence, D. W., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Griffiths, R. R., & Timmermann, C. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11999-8 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychedelic therapy's transdiagnostic effects: A research domain criteria (RDoC) perspective
Kelly, J. R., Gillan, C. M., Prenderville, J., Kelly, C., Harkin, A., Clarke, G., & O'Keane, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.800072 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Pharmacokinetics of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in Humans
Good, M., Joel, Z., Benway, T. A., Routledge, C. A., Timmermann, C., Erritzøe, D., Weaver, R., Allen, G., Hughes, C., Topping, H., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s13318-023-00822-y · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationAperiodic brain activity and response to anesthesia vary in disorders of consciousness
Maschke, C., Duclos, C., Owen, A. M., Jerbi, K., & Blain‐Moraes, S. (2023) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120154 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Pattern breaking: a complex systems approach to psychedelic medicine
Hipólito, I., Mago, J., Rosas, F. E., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2023) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niad017 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationLuppi, A. I., Hansen, J. Y., Adapa, R., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L., Timmermann, C., Golkowski, D., Ranft, A., Ilg, R., Jordan, D., et al. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adf8332 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationClinically relevant acute subjective effects of psychedelics beyond mystical experience
Yaden, D. B., Goldy, S. P., Weiss, B., & Griffiths, R. R. (2024) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-024-00345-6 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Chowdhury, A., van Lutterveld, R., Laukkonen, R., Slagter, H. A., Ingram, D. M., & Sacchet, M. D. (2023) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108694 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Aqil, M., & Roseman, L. (2022) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109300 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationBeyond alpha power: EEG spatial and spectral gradients robustly stratify disorders of consciousness
Colombo, M. A., Comanducci, A., Casarotto, S., Derchi, C., Annen, J., Viganò, A., Mazza, A., Trimarchi, P. D., Boly, M., Fecchio, M., et al. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad031 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A whole-brain model of the neural entropy increase elicited by psychedelic drugs
Herzog, R. A., Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., Lodder, P., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Perl, Y. S., Tagliazucchi, E., & Cofré, R. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-32649-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderstanding brain states across spacetime informed by whole-brain modelling
Vohryzek, J., Cabral, J., Vuust, P., Deco, G., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2022) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2021.0247 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ayahuasca: A review of historical, pharmacological, and therapeutic aspects
Ruffell, S., Crosland‐Wood, M., Palmer, R., Netzband, N., Tsang, W., Weiss, B., Gandy, S., Cowley‐Court, T., Halman, A., McHerron, D., et al. (2023) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports · doi:10.1002/pcn5.146 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Exploring DMT: Endogenous role and therapeutic potential
Schimmelpfennig, J., & Jankowiak-Siuda, K. (2025) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110314 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS)
Zeifman, R. J., Spriggs, M. J., Kettner, H., Lyons, T., Rosas, F. E., Mediano, P. A. M., Erritzøe, D., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28111-3 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationNeural Correlates of the Shamanic State of Consciousness
Huels, E. R., Kim, H., Lee, U., Bel-Bahar, T., Colmenero, A. V., Nelson, A., Blain-Moraes, S., Mashour, G. A., & Harris, R. E. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.610466 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Psychedelic drugs and perception: a narrative review of the first era of research
Aday, J. S., Wood, J. R., Bloesch, E. K., & Davoli, C. C. (2021) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2020-0094 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Psychological and physiological effects of extended DMT
Luan, L. X., Eckernäs, E., Ashton, M., Rosas, F. E., Uthaug, M. V., Bartha, A., Jagger, S., Perai, K. G., Gomes, L., Nutt, D., et al. (2023) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811231196877 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationRETRACTED ARTICLE: A mechanistic model of the neural entropy increase elicited by psychedelic drugs
Herzog, R. A., Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Perl, Y. S., Tagliazucchi, E., & Cofré, R. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74060-6 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationRetractedOrt, A., Smallridge, J. W., Sarasso, S., Casarotto, S., von Rotz, R., Casanova, A., Seifritz, E., Preller, K. H., Tononi, G., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106589 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Vejmola, Č., Tylš, F., Piorecká, V., Koudelka, V., Kadeřábek, L., Novák, T., & Páleníček, T. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01603-4 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Michael, P., Luke, D. P., & Robinson, O. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720717 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Prefrontal contributions to the stability and variability of thought and conscious experience
Zamani, A., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Kalina Christoff, A. (2021) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-021-01147-7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of DMT on mental health outcomes in healthy volunteers
Timmermann, C., Zeifman, R. J., Erritzøe, D., Nutt, D., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53363-y · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationOnofrj, M., Russo, M., Delli Pizzi, S., De Gregorio, D., Inserra, A., Gobbi, G., & Sensi, S. L. (2023) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-023-02691-0 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Relational Processes in Ayahuasca Groups of Palestinians and Israelis
Roseman, L., Ron, Y., Saca, A., Ginsberg, N. L., Luan, L. X., Karkabi, N., Doblin, R., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.607529 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationN,N‐dimethyltryptamine and Amazonian ayahuasca plant medicine
James, E., Keppler, J., Robertshaw, T. L., & Sessa, B. (2022) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2835 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The risk of chronic psychedelic and MDMA microdosing for valvular heart disease
Tagen, M., Mantuani, D., van Heerden, L., Holstein, A., Klumpers, L. E., & Knowles, R. G. (2023) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811231190865 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Taking Different Roads: l ‐Tryptophan as the Origin of Psilocybe Natural Products
Lenz, C., Sherwood, A. M., Kargbo, R. B., & Hoffmeister, D. (2020) · ChemPlusChem · doi:10.1002/cplu.202000581 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Altered states phenomena induced by visual flicker light stimulation
Bartossek, M. T., Kemmerer, J., & Schmidt, T. T. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253779 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Zaccaro, A., Piarulli, A., Melosini, L., Menicucci, D., & Gemignani, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2022.803904 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Psilocybin and Other Classic Psychedelics in Depression
Nutt, D., Peill, J. M., Weiss, B., Godfrey, K., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Erritzøe, D. (2023) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2023_451 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationCatalysts for change: the cellular neurobiology of psychedelics
Banks, M. I., Zahid, Z., Jones, N., Sultan, Z. W., & Wenthur, C. J. (2021) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e20-05-0340 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Significance of mammalian N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT): A 60-year-old debate
Jiménez, J. H., & Bouso, J. C. (2022) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811221104054 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Dissolving the self:Active inference, psychedelics, and ego-dissolution
Deane, G. (2020) · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences · doi:10.33735/phimisci.2020.i · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Egger, K., Aicher, H., Cumming, P. D., & Scheidegger, M. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-024-05353-6 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Meditation and complexity: a review and synthesis of evidence
Atad, D. A., Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., & Berkovich‐Ohana, A. (2025) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niaf013 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Brain activity complexity has a nonlinear relation to the level of propofol sedation
Boncompte, G., Medel, V., Cortínez, L. I., & Ossandón, T. (2021) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2021.04.023 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Aicher, H. D., Mueller, M. J., Dornbierer, D. A., Suay, D., Elsner, C., Wicki, I., Meling, D., Caflisch, L., Hempe, A., Steinhart, C., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1302559 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“While other studies investigating psychedelics often include participants with previous psychedelic experience (17, 18), we excluded participants more than 15 lifetime psychedelic experiences resulting in a sample with no or only little previous psychedelic experience.”
BackgroundExploring mechanisms of psychedelic action using neuroimaging
Erritzøe, D., Timmermann, C., Godfrey, K. E. M., Castro-Rodrigues, P., Peill, J. M., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Nutt, D., & Wall, M. B. (2024) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-023-00172-3 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationBreathwork-induced psychedelic experiences modulate neural dynamics
Lewis-Healey, E., Tagliazucchi, E., Canales‐Johnson, A., & Bekinschtein, T. A. (2024) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhae347 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Within-treatment changes in a novel addiction treatment program using traditional Amazonian medicine
O’Shaughnessy, D. M., Berlowitz, I., Rodd, R., Sarnyai, Z., & Quirk, F. H. (2021) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125320986634 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
McMillan, R. M., & Fernandez, A. V. (2022) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00048674221139962 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Not with a “zap” but with a “beep”: Measuring the origins of perinatal experience
Frohlich, J., Bayne, T., Crone, J. S., Dallavecchia, A., Kirkeby-Hinrup, A., Mediano, P. A. M., Moser, J., Talar, K., Gharabaghi, A., & Preissl, H. T. (2023) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120057 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of psychedelic visual imagery
Stoliker, D., Preller, K. H., Novelli, L., Anticevic, A., Egan, G. F., Vollenweider, F. X., & Razi, A. (2024) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-024-02632-3 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Walter, J. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab047 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A Comprehensive Review of the Current Status of the Cellular Neurobiology of Psychedelics
Banushi, B., & Polito, V. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12111380 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Trautwein, F., Schweitzer, Y., Dor‐Ziderman, Y., Nave, O., Ataria, Y., Fulder, S. J., & Berkovich‐Ohana, A. (2024) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1182-23.2024 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
EEG Lempel-Ziv complexity varies with sleep stage, but does not seem to track dream experience
Aamodt, A., Sevenius Nilsen, A., Markhus, R., Kusztor, A., HasanzadehMoghadam, F., Kauppi, N., Thürer, B., Storm, J. F., & Juel, B. E. (2023) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.987714 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A role for the serotonin 2A receptor in the expansion and functioning of human transmodal cortex
Luppi, A. I., Girn, M., Rosas, F. E., Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Erritzøe, D., Nutt, D., Stamatakis, E. A., Spreng, R. N., Xing, L., et al. (2023) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awad311 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman brain changes after first psilocybin use
Lyons, T., Spriggs, M., Kerkelä, L., Rosas, F. E., Roseman, L., Mediano, P. A. M., Timmermann, C., Oestreich, L., Pagni, B. A., Zeifman, R. J., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71962-3 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationA neuroscientific model of near-death experiences
Martial, C., Fritz, P., Gosseries, O., Bonhomme, V. L., Kondziella, D., Nelson, K. R., & Lejeune, N. (2025) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01072-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The evolution of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine: from metabolic pathways to brain connectivity
Gupta, S., Bhatnagar, R. K., Gupta, D., Maharaj Kumari, K., & Chopra, A. (2025) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-025-06777-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Frohlich, J., Chiang, J. N., Mediano, P. A. M., Nespeca, M., Saravanapandian, V., Toker, D., Dell’Italia, J., Hipp, J. F., Jeste, S., Chu, C. J., et al. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-022-04331-7 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Singleton, S. P., Luppi, A. I., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Cruzat, J., Roseman, L., Nutt, D. J., Deco, G., Kringelbach, M. L., Stamatakis, E. A., & Kuceyeski, A. F. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.14.444193 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationSingleton, S. P., Timmermann, C., Luppi, A. I., Eckernäs, E., Roseman, L., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Kuceyeski, A. F. (2025) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-025-08078-9 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationFalchi-Carvalho, M., Wießner, I., Silva, S. R. B., Maia, L. O., Barros, H., Laborde, S., Arichelle, F., Tullman, S., Silva-Costa, N., Assunção, A., et al. (2023) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.12.006 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
A Computational Account of the Development and Evolution of Psychotic Symptoms
Powers, A. R., Angelos, P. A., Bond, A., Farina, E., Fredericks, C. A., Gandhi, J., Greenwald, M. S., Hernández-Busot, G., Hosein, G. X., Kelley, M., et al. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.08.026 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Padawer-Curry, J. A., Krentzman, O. J., Kuo, C., Wang, X., Bice, A. R., Nicol, G. E., Snyder, A. Z., Siegel, J. S., McCall, J. G., & Bauer, A. Q. (2025) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-025-02069-z · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Young, J. H., Arterberry, M. E., & Martin, J. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.628417 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Nonlinear EEG signatures of mind wandering during breath focus meditation
Lu, Y., & Rodriguez‐Larios, J. (2022) · Current Research in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100056 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Exploring 5-MeO-DMT as a pharmacological model for deconstructed consciousness
Timmermann, C., Sanders, J. W., Reydellet, D., Barba, T., Luan, L. X., Soto-Angona, Ó., Oña, G., Allocca, G., Smith, C. H., Daily, Z. G., et al. (2025) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niaf007 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationPredictors and potentiators of psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences
Gandy, S. (2022) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2022.00198 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Complex slow waves in the human brain under 5-MeO-DMT
Blackburne, G., McAlpine, R. G., Fabus, M. S., Liardi, A., Kamboj, S. K., Mediano, P. A. M., & Skipper, J. I. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116040 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Tagliazucchi, E., Zamberlán, F., Cavanna, F., de la Fuente, L., Romero, C., Perl, Y. S., & Pallavicini, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.720066 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
DMT alters cortical travelling wavesPreprint
Alamia, A., Timmermann, C., VanRullen, R., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.05.06.080937 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationThe science of psychedelic medicine
Siegel, J. S., Liston, C. M., Nicol, G. E., Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Bogenschutz, M. P. (2026) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04194-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationLanguage as a Window Into the Altered State of Consciousness Elicited by Psychedelic Drugs
Tagliazucchi, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.812227 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Eckernäs, E., Timmermann, C., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Röshammar, D., & Ashton, M. (2022) · Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1111/cts.13410 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Schartner, M., Milliere, R., Williams, L. T. J., Erritzoe, D., Muthukumaraswamy, S., Ashton, M., Bendrioua, A., Kaur, O., Turton, S., Nour, M. M., Day, C. M., Leech, R., Nutt, D. J., & Carhart-Harris, R. L.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- University of Geneva (CH)
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- King's College London (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Timmermann, Christopher
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2019-11-19
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16324-16324
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6864083
- OpenAlex
- W2991342487
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 28.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
- Imperial College President's PhD Scholarship Scheme and Albert Hobohm
- RCUK | STFC | Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council
- SM is supported by a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship
- DJN is supported by the Safra Foundation
- RCH is supported by the Alex Mosley Charitable Trust and Ad Astra Chandaria Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- N,N-dimethyltryptamine, DMT, altered states of consciousness, neural oscillations, signal diversity, subjective experience, neurophenomenology, delta oscillations, theta oscillations, plasma drug concentration
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Consciousness, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Electroencephalography, Female, Hallucinogens, Humans, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Case-Control Studies, Administration, Intravenous
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
