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Components of the mediterranean-type food pattern and serum inflammatory markers among patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease
Abstract
Objective To evaluate associations between components of the Mediterranean diet and circulating markers of inflammation in a large cohort of asymptomatic subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease.Subjects/methods A total of 339 men and 433 women aged between 55 and 80 years at high cardiovascular risk because of presence of diabetes or at least three classical cardiovascular risk factors, food consumption was determined by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by immunonephelometry and those of interleukin-6 (IL-6), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, diabetes, smoking, use of statins, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and aspirin, a higher consumption of fruits and cereals was associated with lower concentrations of IL-6 (P for trend 0.005;both). Subjects with the highest consumption of nuts and virgin olive oil showed the lowest concentrations of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6 and CRP; albeit only for ICAM-1 was this difference statistically significant in the case of nuts (for trend 0.003) and for VCAM-1 in the case of virgin olive oil (P for trend 0.02). Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean-type diet did not show significantly lower concentrations of inflammatory markers (P<0.1 for VCAM-1 and ICAM-1).Conclusions The consumption of some typical Mediterranean foods (fruits, cereals, virgin olive oil and nuts) was associated with lower serum concentrations of inflammatory markers especially those related to endothelial function, in subjects with high cardiovascular risk living in a Mediterranean country.
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“Although the postprandial inflammatory response has been known for several years (154) , it is only recently that its probable importance in the generation of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis has been appreciated (155 -157) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [155]
In the citing paper
“The exaggerated postprandial inflammatory response of the obese is reversible upon reduction of body weight (155,164) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [155]
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“Weight loss is accompanied by decreased concentrations of circulating mediators of inflammation, such as CRP, TNF-a, IL-6 and sICAM-1 (155,268 -270) , although it is difficult to dissect whether this effect is due to the weight loss per se or to the nature of the diet used to induce weight loss.”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [155]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Salas-Salvadó, J., Garcia-Arellano, A., Estruch, R., Marquez-Sandoval, F., Corella, D., Fiol, M., Gómez-Gracia, E., Viñoles, E., Arós, F., Herrera, C., Lahoz, C., Lapetra, J., Perona, J. S., Muñoz-Aguado, D., Martínez-González, M. A., Ros, E., & for the PREDIMED Investigators
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- Universitat de València (ES)
- Hospital Txagorritxu (ES)
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (ES)
- Carlos III Hospital (ES)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Municipal Institute for Medical Research (ES)
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Published
- 2007-04-18
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 651-659
- ISSN
- 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5640
- OpenAlex
- W2108428666
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 16.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, dietary adherence, cardiovascular risk, inflammation, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, endothelial function, virgin olive oil, nuts, fruits, cereals, diabetes mellitus, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Olive Oil, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Nuts, Plant Oils, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Cytokines, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Diet, Mediterranean
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