A dietary portfolio approach to cholesterol reduction: Combined effects of plant sterols, vegetable proteins, and viscous fibers in hypercholesterolemia
Abstract
Plant sterols, soy proteins, and viscous fibers are advised for cholesterol reduction but their combined effect has never been tested. We therefore assessed their combined effect on blood lipids in hyperlipidemic subjects who were already consuming a low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol diet before starting the study. The test (combination) diet was 1 month in duration and was very low in saturated fat and high in plant sterols (1 g/1,000 kcal), soy protein (23 g/1,000 kcal), and viscous fibers (9 g/1,000 kcal) obtained from foods available in supermarkets and health food stores. One subject also completed 2 further diet periods: a low-fat control diet and a control diet plus 20 mg/d lovastatin. Fasting blood lipids, blood pressure, and body weight were measured prior to and at weekly intervals during the study. The combination diet was rated as acceptable and very filling. The diet reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol by 29.0% +/- 2.7% (P <.001) and the ratio of LDL-cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol by 26.5% +/- 3.4% (P <.001). Near maximal reductions were seen by week 2. In the subject who took Mevacor and control diets each for 4 weeks, the reduction in LDL:HDL-cholesterol on Mevacor was similar to the combination diet. We conclude that acceptable diets of foods from supermarkets and health food stores that contain recognized cholesterol-lowering dietary components in combination (a dietary portfolio) may be as effective as the starting d…
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The LDL-C lowering effect of the Portfolio dietary pattern components was additive when combined as part of the dietary pattern.
“Controlled feeding trials of the portfolio dietary pattern demonstrated that each of the components had a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering effect of 5-10% [14][15][16][17][18] and that the effect was additive when combined as part of this dietary pattern.[8][9][10][11][12][13]”
From Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (2018) · cites this paper as [8]
The LDL-C lowering effect of 5-10% of each of the 4 core food components can be considered additive.
“These data provide confirmation that the LDL-C lowering effect of 5-10% [14][15][16][17][18] of each of the 4 core food components can be considered additive, [8][9][10][11][12][13]”
From Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (2018) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- Jenkins, D. J. A., Kendall, C. W. C., Faulkner, D., Vidgen, E., Trautwein, E. A., Parker, T. L., Marchie, A., Koumbridis, G., Lapsley, K. G., Josse, R. G., Leiter, L. A., & Connelly, P. W.
- Affiliations
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1596-1604
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2033264037
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 8.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Procter and Gamble
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Natural Products and Biological Research
- Keywords
- hypercholesterolemia, phytosterols, soy protein, LDL cholesterol lowering, serum lipids, LDL/HDL ratio, lovastatin, low-fat diet, dietary acceptability, cholesterol-lowering diet
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Female, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Lipids, Lipoproteins, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Phytosterols, Plant Proteins, Dietary, Viscosity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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