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Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2
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Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2 In this autopsy series, the authors found that SARS-CoV-2 has an organotropism beyond the respiratory tract, including the kidneys, heart, liver, and brai...
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“The finding of coronavirus RNA in brain tissue of deceased patients raised the possibility of a direct brain injury mechanism [153].”
From Cognitive decline following acute viral infections: literature review and projections for post-COVID-19 (2022) · cites this paper as [153]
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“a study detected SARS-CoV-2 in 8 of 21 postmortem brain tissues, based on reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [25].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
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“In addition, human CSF samples have failed thus far to reveal CoV-2 RNA (73, 77), and autopsies from human patients have found that the brain contains the lowest levels of CoV-2 across organs sampled (78).”
From Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia (2020) · cites this paper as [78]
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Citations
Cites
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients
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Renal Involvement and Early Prognosis in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia
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COVID-19 and Diabetes: A Collision and Collusion of Two Diseases
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“, lung, heart, kidney, and nerve (67), leads to tropism, as validated by viral detection within multiple tissues (7,68).”
BackgroundAnimal Models for COVID-19: Hamsters, Mouse, Ferret, Mink, Tree Shrew, and Non-human Primates
Shou, S., Liu, M., Yang, Y., Kang, N., Song, Y., Tan, D., Liu, N., Wang, F., Liu, J., & Xie, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.626553 · Cited by 120
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“It can also be amplified from multiple tissues obtained at autopsy, including heart, liver, kidney, intestine, skin and brain.(5,38,39,68) In-situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry studies support the idea of viral spread throughout the body.”
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“Moreover, viral RNA has been previously reported in COVID-19 patients’ whole heart tissue [13,14], regardless of a cardiac phenotype [15,16].”
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Immune and Metabolic Signatures of COVID-19 Revealed by Transcriptomics Data Reuse
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“Viral RNAs are detected in respiratory tracts and other tissues of patients with COVID-19, including the blood, kidney, and liver (21).”
BackgroundNeuroinvasion and Neurotropism by SARS-CoV-2 Variants in the K18-hACE2 Mouse
Seehusen, F., Clark, J. J., Sharma, P., Bentley, E. G., Kirby, A., Subramaniam, K. S., Wunderlin-Giuliani, S., Hughes, G. L., Patterson, E. I., Michael, B. D., et al. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14051020 · Cited by 116
“COVID-19 patients can harbor SARS-CoV-2 RNA and protein in the brain [9-10,25], and a study using human brain organoids provided strong evidence that SARS-CoV-2 replicates in neurons [26].”
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“Indeed, COVID-19 viral load has been found in the brain tissue samples of patients who died during the pandemic [17,21].”
Background“Neurological manifestations of COVID-19” - guideline of the German society of neurology
Berlit, P., Bösel, J., Gahn, G., Isenmann, S., Meuth, S. G., Nolte, C. H., Pawlitzki, M., Rosenow, F., Schoser, B. G. H., Thomalla, G., et al. (2020) · Neurological Research and Practice · doi:10.1186/s42466-020-00097-7 · Cited by 115
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The choroid plexus and its role in the pathogenesis of neurological infections
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“predominantly infects epithelial tissue of the respiratory tract, but can be found to reside in other tissue including kidneys, intestines, and the brain [223, 224].”
BackgroundSharma, A., Jaiswal, P., Kerakhan, Y., Saravanan, L., Murtaza, Z., Zergham, A. S., Honganur, N.-S., Akbar, A., Deol, A., Francis, B., et al. (2020) · Annals of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.aohep.2020.10.001 · Cited by 115
“Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) mainly affects the respiratory system but as we are gaining more insight about this novel disease, many published studies have also provided evidence of its organotropism and multisystem organ inflammation nature [4,5].”
Espíndola, O. D. M., Brandão, C. O., Gomes, Y. C. P., Siqueira, M. M., Soares, C., Lima, M. A., Leite, A. C. C. B., Torezani, G. S., Araújo, A., & Silva, M. T. T. (2020) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.044 · Cited by 108
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“Viral RNA was detected at low levels in brain tissue and blood samples by another autopsy study which, in contrast to us, performed viral analysis by qPCR on homogenized frozen tissue and in addition in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue [17].”
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MicroRNAs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 in cardiomyocytes
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Periodontal tissues are targets for Sars-Cov-2: a post-mortem study
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Absolute lymphocyte count is a prognostic marker in Covid‐19: A retrospective cohort review
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“Thrombocytopenia Frequency 6 (15) 1 (5) 0.”
Damage to endothelial barriers and its contribution to long COVID
Wu, X., Xiang, M., Jing, H., Wang, C., Novakovic, V. A., & Shi, J. (2023) · Angiogenesis · doi:10.1007/s10456-023-09878-5 · Cited by 111
“Although SARS-CoV-2 cannot cross the endothelial fenestrations, early results have shown that it has a renal tropism and can directly infect podocytes [96].”
The COVID-19 nephrology compendium: AKI, CKD, ESKD and transplantation
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Can SARS-CoV-2 infect the central nervous system via the olfactory bulb or the blood-brain barrier?
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Renal dysfunction in hospitalised children with COVID-19
Stewart, D., Hartley, J. C., Johnson, M. K. A., Marks, S. D., du Pré, P., & Stojanović, J. (2020) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30178-4 · Cited by 105
Inflammasomes in neurological disorders — mechanisms and therapeutic potential
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Krüger, J., Groß, R. M., Conzelmann, C., Müller, J. A., Koepke, L., Sparrer, K. M. J., Weil, T., Schütz, D., Seufferlein, T. T. W., Barth, T. F. E., et al. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.11.003 · Cited by 109
Generation of SARS-CoV-2 reporter replicon for high-throughput antiviral screening and testing
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“In infected tissues, the virus has been detected in multiple cell types (3, 4).”
BackgroundCOVID-19 and the Vasculature: Current Aspects and Long-Term Consequences
Martínez-Salazar, B., Holwerda, M., Stüdle, C., Piragyte, I., Mercader, N., Engelhardt, B., Rieben, R., & Döring, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.824851 · Cited by 106
Kidney Infarction in Patients With COVID-19
Post, A., den Deurwaarder, E., Bakker, S. J. L., de Haas, R. J., van Meurs, M., Gansevoort, R. T., & Berger, S. P. (2020) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.05.004 · Cited by 102
Microvascular injury and hypoxic damage: emerging neuropathological signatures in COVID-19
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COVID-19 Vasculopathy: Mounting Evidence for an Indirect Mechanism of Endothelial Injury
Nicosia, R. F., Ligresti, G., Caporarello, N., Akilesh, S., & Ribatti, D. (2021) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.05.007 · Cited by 105
“13,17 Localization of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in glomerular endothelial cells from autopsy tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) was reported as positive 33 or negative 13,17,19 by different groups.”
A SARS-CoV-2 – host proximity interactomePreprint
Samavarchi‐Tehrani, P., Abdouni, H. S., Knight, J. D. R., Astori, A., Samson, R., Lin, Z., Kim, D., Knapp, J. J., St‐Germain, J. R., Go, C. D., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.09.03.282103 · Cited by 106
Drug Discovery Strategies for SARS-CoV-2
Shyr, Z. A., Gorshkov, K., Chen, C. Z., & Zheng, W. (2020) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.120.000123 · Cited by 98
“In addition, SARSCoV-2mayhave tropismtoward tissuesother than the lungs,which could contribute to disease exacerbation (Puelles et al., 2020).”
BackgroundMassoth, L. R., Desai, N., Szabolcs, A., Harris, C. K., Neyaz, A., Crotty, R. K., Chebib, I. A., Rivera, M. N., Sholl, L. M., Stone, J. R., et al. (2020) · The American Journal of Surgical Pathology · doi:10.1097/pas.0000000000001563 · Cited by 99
Cheng, A. P., Cheng, M. P., Gu, W., Lenz, J. S., Hsu, E. D., Schurr, E., Bourque, G., Bourgey, M., Ritz, J., Marty, F. M., et al. (2021) · Med · doi:10.1016/j.medj.2021.01.001 · Cited by 95
“Detection of the virus in the kidneys, heart, liver, brain, and blood of many patients has been reported.(2,3) The significant viral burden in the kidney seen in some patients may help explain the increased risk of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19.”
Renal Biopsy for Diagnosis in Kidney Disease: Indication, Technique, and Safety
Schnuelle, P. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12196424 · Cited by 105
“Both the receptor protein (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE-2] receptor) and the virus itself have been visualized in tubular cells using fluorescence in situ hybridization [10,11].”
Damiano, R. F., Guedes, B. F., de Rocca, C. C., de Pádua Serafim, A., Castro, L. H. M., Munhoz, C. D., Nitrini, R., Filho, G. B., Miguel, E. C., Lucchetti, G., et al. (2022) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-021-01286-4 · Cited by 98
Moledina, D. G., Simonov, M., Yamamoto, Y., Alausa, J., Arora, T., Biswas, A., Cantley, L. G., Ghazi, L., Greenberg, J. H., Hinchcliff, M., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.12.007 · Cited by 97
Hatzl, S., Reisinger, A. C., Posch, F., Prattes, J., Stradner, M. H., Pilz, S., Eller, P., Schöerghuber, M., Toller, W. G., Gorkiewicz, G., et al. (2021) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-021-03753-9 · Cited by 96
Fumagalli, V., Ravà, M., Marotta, D., Lucia, P. D., Laura, C., Sala, E., Grillo, M., Bono, E. B., Giustini, L., Perucchini, C., et al. (2022) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9929 · Cited by 94
Antibody detection assays for COVID‐19 diagnosis: an early overview
Ejazi, S. A., Ghosh, S., & Ali, N. (2020) · Immunology and Cell Biology · doi:10.1111/imcb.12397 · Cited by 98
“Researchers have reported that the virus affects organs other than the lungs and respiratory tract, mostly the liver and kidney, even with mild infection levels.(4) Chances of this affecting people of older age are more as a result of their already present comorbidities.”
BackgroundCOVID-19 and the Endocrine System: A Comprehensive Review on the Theme
Lisco, G., Tullio, A. D., Stragapede, A., Solimando, A. G., Albanese, F., Capobianco, M., Giagulli, V. A., Guastamacchia, E., Pergola, G. D., Vacca, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10132920 · Cited by 98
“However, as SARS-CoV2 exhibits a wide organotropism, it may affect other tissues, precipitating pre-existing conditions [31].”
BackgroundKäufer, C., Schreiber, C. S., Hartke, A.-S., Denden, I., Stanelle‐Bertram, S., Beck, S., Kouassi, N. M., Beythien, G., Becker, K., Schreiner, T., et al. (2022) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103999 · Cited by 94
Vanslambrouck, J. M., Wilson, S. B., Tan, K. S., Groenewegen, E., Rudraraju, R., Neil, J. A., Lawlor, K. T., Mah, S., Scurr, M., Howden, S. E., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33623-z · Cited by 100
SARS-CoV-2 targets glial cells in human cortical organoids
McMahon, C. L., Staples, H. M., Gaži, M., Carrion, R., & Hsieh, J. (2021) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.01.016 · Cited by 95
Hagman, K., Hedenstierna, M., Gille-Johnson, P., Hammas, B., Grabbe, M., Dillner, J., & Ursing, J. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1285 · Cited by 91
“Detecting SARSCoV-2 in serum is in line with the multiorgan involvement seen in patients with critical disease and autopsy data reporting viral infection in several organs, indicating hematogenic spread of the virus [2, 22, 23].”
Feld, J., Tremblay, D. A., Thibaud, S., Kessler, A. J., & Naymagon, L. (2020) · International Journal of Laboratory Hematology · doi:10.1111/ijlh.13309 · Cited by 90
The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: Research Priorities for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Critical Illness
Coopersmith, C. M., Antonelli, M. M., Bauer, S. R., Deutschman, C. S., Evans, L., Ferrer, R., Hellman, J., Jog, S., Kesecioğlu, J., Kissoon, N. “., et al. (2021) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000004895 · Cited by 99
“Autopsy results revealed substantial deposition of SARS-CoV-2 in pneumocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells, with lesser amounts in heart, liver, brain, and blood (38, 39).”
Nakanishi, N., Liu, K., Kawakami, D., Kawai, Y., Morisawa, T., Nishida, T., Sumita, H., Unoki, T., Hifumi, T., Iida, Y., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173870 · Cited by 93
“The virus has organotropism on kidney and liver [47].”
BackgroundAshhurst, A. S., Tang, A. H., Fajtová, P., Yoon, M. C., Aggarwal, A., Bedding, M. J., Stoye, A., Beretta, L., Pwee, D., Drelich, A. K., et al. (2021) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01494 · Cited by 95
Inflammation at the crossroads of COVID-19, cognitive deficits and depression
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Hypertension, a Moving Target in COVID-19
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SARS-CoV-2 receptor networks in diabetic and COVID-19–associated kidney disease
Menon, R., Otto, E. A., Sealfon, R. S. G., Nair, V., Wong, A. K., Theesfeld, C. L., Chen, X., Wang, Y., Boppana, A., Luo, J., et al. (2020) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.015 · Cited by 89
“The procurement protocol of urinary cells for single-cell analysis is described in the Supplementary Methods, and baseline characteristics of the study participants are summarized in Table 1.”
MethodFerlicot, S., Jamme, M., Gaillard, F., Oniszczuk, J., Couturier, A., May, O., Grünenwald, A., Sannier, A., Moktefi, A., Monnier, O. L., et al. (2021) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfab042 · Cited by 89
“Renal status at the time of kidney biopsy - Time from initial symptoms (days) 18 [10-26] - uPCR (g/g) 2.”
BackgroundInfluentialA potential interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Oliveira, A. S. F., Ibarra, A. Á., Bermúdez, I., Casalino, L., Gaieb, Z., Shoemark, D. K., Gallagher, T. C., Sessions, R. B., Amaro, R. E., & Mulholland, A. J. (2021) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2021.01.037 · Cited by 92
High-Flow Nasal Cannula and COVID-19: A Clinical Review
Crimi, C., Pierucci, P., Renda, T., Pisani, L., & Carlucci, A. (2021) · Respiratory Care · doi:10.4187/respcare.09056 · Cited by 98
“Because pulmonary embolism, acute kidney injury, and myocardial injury are reported in a much higher proportion than non– COVID-19 ARDS, 72 the mortality rate may represent a more-complex outcome in this disease, not entirely affected by different noninvasive respiratory support strategies.”
Rong, Z., Mai, H., Ebert, G., Kapoor, S., Puelles, V. G., Czogalla, J., Hu, S., Su, J., Prtvar, D., Singh, I., et al. (2024) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.007 · Cited by 96
“10,50,51 We also examined viral persistence in mice at 28 dpi after recovery from acute symptoms (Figure 2D).”
Self-citationOn the potential role of exosomes in the COVID-19 reinfection/reactivation opportunity
Elrashdy, F., Aljaddawi, A. A., Redwan, E. M. M. M., & Uversky, V. N. (2020) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2020.1790426 · Cited by 84
Complement Activation in Kidneys of Patients With COVID-19
Pfister, F., Vonbrunn, E., Ries, T., Jäck, H., Überla, K., Lochnit, G., Sheriff, A., i, M. H., Büttner-Herold, M. J., Amann, K., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.594849 · Cited by 91
“In contrast, in other studies SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the kidney (5, 7, 8), so that we cannot exclude the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 was present in the kidney at an earlier time interval before biopsy was taken and that complement was activated directly by the virus.”
BackgroundResultInflammatory Cytokine Patterns Associated with Neurological Diseases in Coronavirus Disease 2019
Espíndola, O. D. M., Gomes, Y. C. P., Brandão, C. O., Torres, R. C., Siqueira, M. M., Soares, C., Lima, M. A., Leite, A. C. C. B., Venturotti, C. O., Carvalho, A. J. C., et al. (2021) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26041 · Cited by 85
“SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in CSF is infrequent,(14) which is in line with the low SARS-CoV-2 RNA load reported in brain tissue biopsies.(9) Although the olfactory route has been suggested for neuroinvasion,(15) events associated with altered blood–brain barrier (BBB) function may not be excluded entirely.”
ResultSARS-CoV-2 RNAemia Predicts Clinical Deterioration and Extrapulmonary Complications from COVID-19
Ram-Mohan, N., Kim, D. A., Zudock, E. J., Hashemi, M., Tjandra, K. C., Rogers, A. J., Blish, C. A., Nadeau, K. C., Newberry, J. A., Quinn, J., et al. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciab394 · Cited by 84
“Histopathologic surveys have identified the virus in myocardial [16, 17], renal [16, 18], gastrointestinal [19], and neurologic tissues [16].”
BackgroundResultLiu, J., Tan, B., Wu, S., Gui, Y., Suo, J., & Li, Y. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.26570 · Cited by 83
“On August 6, Puelles et al.(52) quantified SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load in autopsy tissue samples from 22 patients who died from COVID‐19.”
BackgroundDo an Altered Gut Microbiota and an Associated Leaky Gut Affect COVID-19 Severity?
Kim, H. S. (2021) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.03022-20 · Cited by 86
“The kidneys had the highest viral load among non-respiratory tract organs examined, even in patients without a history of kidney disease (31).”
BackgroundAmanat, M., Rezaei, N., Roozbeh, M., Shojaei, M., Tafakhori, A., Zoghi, A., Darazam, I. A., Salehi, M., Karimialavijeh, E., Lima, B. S., et al. (2021) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-021-02152-5 · Cited by 85
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and global mental health
Lange, K. W. (2021) · Global Health Journal · doi:10.1016/j.glohj.2021.02.004 · Cited by 96
Rabaan, A. A., Al-Ahmed, S. H., Garout, M. A., Al‐Qaaneh, A. M., Sule, A. A., Tirupathi, R., Mutair, A. S. A., Alhumaid, S., Hasan, A., Dhawan, M. K., et al. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10050565 · Cited by 84
“The presence of SARS-CoV-2-RNA has been identified in cerebrospinal fluid in only a few cases and even in an autopsy brain specimen in one case [50].”
BackgroundCognitive dysfunction in post‐COVID‐19 condition: Mechanisms, management, and rehabilitation
Möller, M. C., Borg, K., Janson, C., Lerm, M., Normark, J., & Niward, K. (2023) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13720 · Cited by 94
“Low levels of viral RNA have been detected by PCR in some autopsy studies [106–108], but evidence of causality between virus and COVID-associated neuropathology is controversial.”
Prebensen, C., Myhre, P. L., Jonassen, C. M., Rangberg, A., Blomfeldt, A., Svensson, M., Omland, T., & Berdal, J. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1338 · Cited by 82
SARS-CoV-2 infection: The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 axis
Aghbash, P. S., Eslami, N., Shamekh, A., Entezari‐Maleki, T., & Baghi, H. B. (2021) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119124 · Cited by 84
“Sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) targets cells of the respiratory tract [12,52].”
InfluentialRamírez, S., Fernandez-Antunez, C., Galli, A., Underwood, A. P., Pham, L. V., Ryberg, L. A., Feng, S., Pedersen, M. S., Mikkelsen, L. S., Belouzard, S., et al. (2021) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00097-21 · Cited by 89
Doyle, M. E., Appleton, A., Liu, Q., Yao, Q., Mazucanti, C. H., & Egan, J. M. (2021) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.05.010 · Cited by 98
SARS-CoV-2 Disrupts Proximal Elements in the JAK-STAT Pathway
Chen, D. W., Khan, N., Close, B. J., Goel, R. K., Blum, B. C., Tavares, A. H., Kenney, D., Conway, H. L., Ewoldt, J. K., Chitalia, V. C., et al. (2021) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00862-21 · Cited by 81
“in the intestine (3, 4), liver (5, 6), kidney (7, 8), heart (9, 10), and brain (11, 12).”
SARS-CoV-2 Dissemination Through Peripheral Nerves Explains Multiple Organ Injury
Fenrich, M., Mrdenovic, S., Balog, M., Tomic, S., Zjalic, M., Roncevic, A., Mandic, D., Debeljak, Z., & Heffer, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00229 · Cited by 95
Fuentes‐Prior, P. (2020) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.rev120.015980 · Cited by 84
“Finally, MASP engagement in other organs might explain a number of additional manifestations of COVID-19 reported so far, among them neurological complications including cognitive dysfunction (156) as well as acute kidney injury (151, 157).”
Liver Disease and Coronavirus Disease 2019: From Pathogenesis to Clinical Care
Saviano, A., Wrensch, F., Ghany, M. G., & Baumert, T. F. (2020) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.31684 · Cited by 82
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Viral Infection and Treatment: A Special Focus on SARS-CoV-2
Pasquale, V. D., Quiccione, M. S., Tafuri, S., Avallone, L., & Pavone, L. M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22126574 · Cited by 85
Ning, Q., Wu, D., Wang, X., Xi, D., Chen, T., Chen, G., Wang, H., Lü, H., Wang, M., Zhu, L., et al. (2022) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-022-00907-1 · Cited by 86
Jamison, D. A., Narayanan, S. A., Trovão, N. S., Guarnieri, J. W., Topper, M. J., Moraes‐Vieira, P. M., Zaksas, V., Singh, K. K., Wurtele, E. S., & Beheshti, A. (2022) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-022-01108-8 · Cited by 95
Shah, H., Khan, M. S. H., Dhurandhar, N. V., & Hegde, V. (2021) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-020-01636-z · Cited by 80
Russo, E., Esposito, P. B., Taramasso, L., Magnasco, L., Saio, M., Briano, F., Russo, C., Dettori, S., Vena, A., Biagio, A. D., et al. (2020) · Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s40620-020-00875-1 · Cited by 80
“Receptors that mediate virus internalization, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) [6] are abundant in renal tissue.”
BackgroundHawkins, M., Sockalingam, S., Bonato, S., Rajaratnam, T., Ravindran, M., Gosse, P. J., & Sheehan, K. (2020) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110350 · Cited by 79
Johansson, A., Mohamed, M. S., Moulin, T. C., & Schiöth, H. B. (2021) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577658 · Cited by 80
The development of Nanosota-1 as anti-SARS-CoV-2 nanobody drug candidates
Ye, G., Gallant, J. P., Massey, C., Shi, K., Tai, W., Zheng, J., Odle, A. E., Vickers, M. A., Shang, J., Wan, Y., et al. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.64815 · Cited by 78
“After 3 days, Nanosota1C-Fc remained at high levels in the blood, lung, heart, kidney, liver, and spleen, all of which are targets for SARS-CoV-2 (Puelles et al., 2020); moreover, it remained at low levels in the intestine, muscle, and bones.”
BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 Reinfections and Long COVID in the Post-Omicron Phase of the Pandemic
Boufidou, F., Medić, S., Lampropoulou, V., Siafakas, N., Tsakris, A., & Anastassopoulou, C. G. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241612962 · Cited by 85
The Enigma of Endothelium in COVID-19
Kaur, S., Tripathi, D. M., & Yadav, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00989 · Cited by 78
Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Mutations for Genomic RNA Structure and Host microRNA Targeting
Rad, S. M. A. H., & McLellan, A. D. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21134807 · Cited by 77
Rauch, A., Dupont, A., Goutay, J., Caplan, M., Staessens, S., Moussa, M. D., Jeanpierre, E., Corseaux, D., Lefèvre, G., Lassalle, F., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.120.050907 · Cited by 80
Cardiovascular Manifestations and Mechanisms in Patients with COVID-19
Dou, Q., Wei, X. C., Zhou, K., Yang, S., & Jia, P. (2020) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2020.10.001 · Cited by 82
“Puelles [126] Germany 27 (52–93) Lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 copies in the heart SARS-CoV-2 protein in the glomerular epithelial, endothelial, and tubular cells in kidney by immunofluorescence Trends in Endocrinology &Metabolism”
Can COVID-19 pandemic boost the epidemic of neurodegenerative diseases?
Verkhratsky, A., Li, Q., Melino, S., Melino, G., & Shi, Y. (2020) · Biology Direct · doi:10.1186/s13062-020-00282-3 · Cited by 81
Endothelial Dysfunction in the Brain
Sashindranath, M., & Nandurkar, H. H. (2021) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.120.032711 · Cited by 81
Genome-wide CRISPR activation screen identifies candidate receptors for SARS-CoV-2 entry
Zhu, S., Liu, Y., Zhou, Z. L., Zhang, Z., Xiao, X., Liu, Z., Chen, A., Dong, X., Tian, F., Chen, S., et al. (2021) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-021-1990-5 · Cited by 78
COVID-19, Acute Myocardial Injury, and Infarction
Prete, A. D., Conway, F. M., Rocca, D. G. D., Biondi‐Zoccai, G., Felice, F. D., Musto, C., Picichè, M., Martuscelli, E., Natale, A., & Versaci, F. (2021) · Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccep.2021.10.004 · Cited by 78
“There is also evidence supporting the affinity of the virus for multiple tissues, suggesting that SARSCoV-2 has an organotropism that extends beyond the respiratory system, involving the brain, the liver, the kidney, and the cardiovascular district.(6) When the cardiovascular system is affected a vast range of complic…”
BackgroundACE2 Shedding and the Role in COVID-19
Wang, J., Zhao, H., & An, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.789180 · Cited by 78
Inflammatory leptomeningeal cytokines mediate COVID-19 neurologic symptoms in cancer patients
Remsik, J., Wilcox, J. A., Babady, N. E., McMillen, T. A., Vachha, B. A., Halpern, N. A., Dhawan, V., Rosenblum, M., Iacobuzio-Donahue, C. A., Avila, E. K., et al. (2021) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2021.01.007 · Cited by 77
Gowda, P., Patrick, S., Joshi, S. D., Kumawat, R. K., & Sen, E. (2021) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155496 · Cited by 79
Mapping of SARS-CoV-2 Brain Invasion and Histopathology in COVID-19 DiseasePreprint
Serrano, G. E., Walkera, J., Arce, R., Glass, M. J., Vargas, D., Sue, L. I., Intorcia, A. J., Nelson, C. M., Oliver, J., Papa, J. D., et al. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.02.15.21251511 · Cited by 81
Metadata
- Authors
- Puelles, V. G., Lütgehetmann, M., Lindenmeyer, M. T., Sperhake, J. P., Wong, M. N., Allweiss, L., Chilla, S., Heinemann, A., Wanner, N., Liu, S., Braun, F., Lu, S., Pfefferle, S., Schröder, A. S., Edler, C., Gross, O., Glatzel, M., Wichmann, D., Wiech, T., Kluge, S., Pueschel, K., Aepfelbacher, M., & Huber, T. B.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Huber, Tobias B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2020-08-06
- Volume
- 383
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 590-592
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC7240771
- OpenAlex
- W3024126428
- Cited by
- 1,775
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 138 · 2023: 214 · 2022: 338 · 2021: 595 · 2020: 390
- FWCI
- 50.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, kidney, heart, liver, brain, autopsy findings, viral tissue distribution
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autopsy, Brain, Female, Heart, Humans, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Male, Middle Aged, Pharynx, Pneumonia, Viral, Coronavirus Infections, Viral Load, Viral Tropism, Pandemics
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