The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Observational cohort studies and a secondary prevention trial have shown inverse associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular risk. METHODS: In a multicenter trial in Spain, we assigned 7447 participants (55 to 80 years of age, 57% women) who were at high cardiovascular risk, but with no cardiovascular disease at enrollment, to one of three diets: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts, or a control diet (advice to reduce dietary fat). Participants received quarterly educational sessions and, depending on group assignment, free provision of extra-virgin olive oil, mixed nuts, or small nonfood gifts. The primary end point was a major cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes). After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, the trial was stopped on the basis of a prespecified interim analysis. In 2013, we reported the results for the primary end point in the Journal. We subsequently identified protocol deviations, including enrollment of household members without randomization, assignment to a study group without randomization of some participants at 1 of 11 study sites, and apparent inconsistent use of randomization tables at another site. We have withdrawn our previously published report and now report revised effect estimates based on analyses that do not rely exclusively on the assumption that all the participants were randomly assigned. RESULTS: A primary end-point event occurred in 288 participants; there were 96 events in the group assigned to a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil (3.8%), 83 in the group assigned to a Mediterranean diet with nuts (3.4%), and 109 in the control group (4.4%). In the intention-to-treat analysis including all the participants and adjusting for baseline characteristics and propensity scores, the hazard ratio was 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.91) for a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.54 to 0.95) for a Mediterranean diet with nuts, as compared with the control diet. Results were similar after the omission of 1588 participants whose study-group assignments were known or suspected to have departed from the protocol. CONCLUSIONS: In this study involving persons at high cardiovascular risk, the incidence of major cardiovascular events was lower among those assigned to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts than among those assigned to a reduced-fat diet. (Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Health, and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN35739639 .).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Diets emphasizing whole, minimally processed foods—such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, and lean protein sources—have been consistently associated with a reduced risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease [164,165,166,167].”
From Lifestyle Medicine for Obesity in the Era of Highly Effective Anti-Obesity Treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [165]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and fish, promotes weight maintenance and cardiovascular health even without strict calorie limits [100].”
From Obesity: Clinical Impact, Pathophysiology, Complications, and Modern Innovations in Therapeutic Strategies (2025) · cites this paper as [100]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“They tend to be relatively high in unsaturated fat, particularly from extravirgin olive oil.”
From Popular dietary patterns: alignment with American Heart Association 2021 dietary guidance: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“a Mediterranean-style eating pattern intervention enriched with olive oil or nuts significantly reduced CVD incidence in both people with and without diabetes (91).”
From Nutrition Therapy for Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Consensus Report (2019) · cites this paper as [91]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“To date, improvements in dietary quality rather than restrictive dietary counseling have shown benefits in primary and secondary CVD prevention,98,99”
From Malnutrition and Cachexia in Inpatients With Acute Cardiac Conditions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2026) · cites this paper as [99]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“provided bene fi ts for cardiovascular health (76,77).”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A healthy lifestyle is the basis to optimise health outcomes regardless of WL – increased levels of physical activity have multiple health benefits including improvement of body composition, physical function and cardiorespiratory fitness, and a balanced Mediterranean diet may be associated with cardiovascular benefits [105].”
From What is the pipeline for future medications for obesity? (2025) · cites this paper as [105]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“In a systematic review of trials of > 6 months ' duration, compared with a low-fat diet, the Mediterranean diet demonstrated greater reductions in body weight and HbA1c levels”
From Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) (2022) · cites this paper as [77]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“delayed the requirement for diabetes medication”
From Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) (2022) · cites this paper as [77]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Studies have demonstrated that a variety of eating plans, varying in macronutrient composition, can be used effectively and safely in the short term (1-2 years) to achieve weight loss in people with diabetes.”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [120]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“The Mediterranean diet, rich in fiber, polyphenols, and monounsaturated fats, exemplifies a microbiome-friendly dietary pattern. It promotes beneficial bacterial growth while reducing inflammation and metabolic disorders.”
From The Power of Environment: A Comprehensive Review of the Exposome's Role in Healthy Aging, Longevity, and Preventive Medicine-Lessons from Blue Zones and Cilento (2025) · cites this paper as [102]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Similarly, traditional diets such as the Okinawa diet—high in vegetables, soy, and fish—are associated with diverse gut microbiota and reduced chronic disease risk.”
From The Power of Environment: A Comprehensive Review of the Exposome's Role in Healthy Aging, Longevity, and Preventive Medicine-Lessons from Blue Zones and Cilento (2025) · cites this paper as [102]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“In contrast, urbanized diets, antibiotic overuse, and environmental pollution contribute to declining microbial diversity and the rise of metabolic and autoimmune disorders [7,101,102,103,104,105,106,107].”
From The Power of Environment: A Comprehensive Review of the Exposome's Role in Healthy Aging, Longevity, and Preventive Medicine-Lessons from Blue Zones and Cilento (2025) · cites this paper as [102]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“However, most individuals with type 2 diabetes are asymptomatic at diagnosis, and routine screening is recommended (Box 2).14,22”
From Diagnosis and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“If this diet is supplemented with olive oil or nuts, as in the non-randomized PREvencion con Dieta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) study in individuals at high CV risk (49% T2DM), the risk of ASCVD was reduced by 28-31%.82”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [82]
In the citing paper
“The journal's investigations led to none of the 11 test-positive papers being retracted except for one, which was subsequently republished.40,41”
From Integrity of randomized clinical trials: Performance of integrity tests and checklists requires assessment (2023) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“The Mediterranean diet in the PREDIMED trial, which showed a 30% reduction in CVD risk, was characterized by avoidance of red meat as a protein source.36,37”
From Impact of chronic dietary red meat, white meat, or non-meat protein on trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism and renal excretion in healthy men and women (2019) · cites this paper as [37]
In the citing paper
“Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in forms of olive oil, nuts and seeds in plant-based dietary regimens, may function as the driving force for the amelioration of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, blood lipids and CVD risk, observed either in diabetic individuals [17,40,41] or in the general population [42].”
From Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases (2020) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“Efficacy studies of healthy dietary patterns have resulted in a significant reduction of risk factors.12,13,19,26,97,98”
From Popular dietary patterns: alignment with American Heart Association 2021 dietary guidance: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“The type of fats consumed is more important than total amount of fat when looking at metabolic goals and CVD risk, and it is recommended that the percentage of total calories from saturated fats should be limited (120,172,(200)(201)(202).”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“Multiple RCTs including people with type 2 diabetes have reported that a Mediterranean eating pattern (120,203-208) can improve both glycemic management and blood lipids.”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [120]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
2 retracted
RETRACTED: Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet
Estruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Arós, F., Gómez-Gracia, E., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1200303 · Cited by 4,257
Self-citationRetractedEstruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Arós, F., Gómez-Gracia, E., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., et al. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1806491 · Cited by 1,008
Self-citationRetractedGeneral Cardiovascular Risk Profile for Use in Primary Care: The Framingham Heart Study
D’Agostino, R. B., Vasan, R. S., Pencina, M. J., Wolf, P. A., Cobain, M., Massaro, J. M., & Kannel, W. B. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.699579 · Cited by 7,491
A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials
O'Brien, P. C., & Fleming, T. R. (1979) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530245 · Cited by 3,311
de Lorgeril, M., Salen, P., Martin, J.-L., Monjaud, I., Delaye, J., & Mamelle, N. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.6.779 · Cited by 2,910
Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating
Willett, W., Sacks, F., Trichopoulou, A., Drescher, G., Ferro-Luzzi, A., Helsing, E., & Trichopoulos, D. (1995) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1402s · Cited by 2,461
Weight Loss with a Low-Carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or Low-Fat Diet
Shai, I., Schwarzfuchs, D., Henkin, Y., Shahar, D. R., Witkow, S., Greenberg, I., Golan, R., Fraser, D., Bolotin, A., Vardi, H., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0708681 · Cited by 2,143
Esposito, K., Marfella, R., Ciotola, M., Di Palo, C., Giugliano, F., Giugliano, G., D'Armiento, M., D'Andrea, F., & Giugliano, D. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.292.12.1440 · Cited by 2,126
Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
de Lorgeril, M., Renaud, S., Salen, P., Monjaud, I., Mamelle, N., Martin, J. L., Guidollet, J., Touboul, P., & Delaye, J. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92580-1 · Cited by 2,122
Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Randomized Trial
Estruch, R., Martínez-González, M. Á., Corella, D., Salas-Salvadó, J., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Covas, M. I., Fiol, M., Gómez-Gracia, E., López-Sabater, M. C., Vinyoles, E., et al. (2006) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-1-200607040-00004 · Cited by 1,704
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,013
Jayanama, K., Theou, O., Godin, J., Cahill, L. E., Shivappa, N., Hébert, J. R., Wirth, M. D., Park, Y., Fung, T. T., & Rockwood, K. J. (2021) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-021-01918-5 · Cited by 173
Gardner, C. D., Vadiveloo, M. K., Petersen, K. S., Anderson, C. A. M., Springfield, S., Van Horn, L., Khera, A., Lamendola, C., Mayo, S. M., Joseph, J. J., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001146 · Cited by 172
Nicolau, J. C., Feitosa, G. S., Petriz, J. L. F., Furtado, R. H. D. M., Précoma, D. B., Lemke, W., Lópes, R. D., Timerman, A., Marin‐Neto, J. A., Bezerra, L., et al. (2021) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.36660/abc.20210180 · Cited by 162
Dietary fats and cardiometabolic disease: mechanisms and effects on risk factors and outcomes
Wu, J. H. Y., Micha, R., & Mozaffarian, D. (2019) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-019-0206-1 · Cited by 172
Effects of oils and solid fats on blood lipids: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Schwingshackl, L., Bogensberger, B., Benčič, A., Knüppel, S., Boeing, H., & HOFFMANN, G. E. (2018) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.p085522 · Cited by 169
Red and Processed Meats and Health Risks: How Strong Is the Evidence?
Qian, F., Riddle, M. C., Wylie‐Rosett, J., & Hu, F. B. (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci19-0063 · Cited by 169
Yubero‐Serrano, E. M., Fernández-Gandara, C., García‐Ríos, A., Rangel-Zúñiga, O. A., Gutierrez-Mariscal, F. M., Torres-Peña, J. D., Marı́n, C., López-Moreno, J., Castano, J. P., Delgado‐Lista, J., et al. (2020) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003282 · Cited by 169
Cytokine Circuits in Cardiovascular Disease
Williams, J. W., Huang, L.-H., & Randolph, G. J. (2019) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.007 · Cited by 168
3. Prevention or Delay of Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025
ElSayed, N. A., McCoy, R. G., Aleppo, G., Balapattabi, K., Beverly, E. A., Early, K. B., Bruemmer, D., Ebekozien, O. A., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Ekhlaspour, L., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc25-s003 · Cited by 171
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-s003 · Cited by 167
Impact of α-Linolenic Acid, the Vegetable ω-3 Fatty Acid, on Cardiovascular Disease and Cognition
Sala‐Vila, A., Fleming, J. A., Kris‐Etherton, P. M., & Ros, E. (2022) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmac016 · Cited by 166
Self-citationZhan, J. J., Hodge, R. A., Dunlop, A. L., Lee, M. M., Bui, L., Liang, D., & Ferranti, E. P. (2024) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.08.021 · Cited by 166
Maher, C. A., Davis, C. R., Curtis, R. G., Short, C. E., & Murphy, K. J. (2020) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/17558 · Cited by 165
Dinu, M., Pagliai, G., Angelino, D., Rosi, A., Dall'Asta, M., Bresciani, L., Ferraris, C., Guglielmetti, M., Godos, J., Del Bo', C., et al. (2020) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmaa006 · Cited by 164
Battino, M. A., Forbes-Hernández, T. Y., Gasparrini, M., Afrin, S., Cianciosi, D., Zhang, J., Manna, P. P., Reboredo‐Rodríguez, P., Varela‐López, A., Quiles, J. L., et al. (2018) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1526165 · Cited by 166
Lip, G. Y. H., Lane, D. A., Lenarczyk, R., Boriani, G., Doehner, W., Benjamin, L. A., Fisher, M., Lowe, D., Sacco, R. L., Schnabel, R. B., et al. (2022) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac245 · Cited by 165
Beneficial Effects of Walnuts on Cognition and Brain Health
Chauhan, A., & Chauhan, V. P. S. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12020550 · Cited by 163
INTERDISCIPLINARY CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES "MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY AND ITS COMORBIDITIES"
Dedov, I. I., Shestakova, M. V., Mel'nichenko, G. A., Mazurina, N. V., Andreeva, E. N., Bondarenko, I. Z., Руслановна, Г. З., Dzgoeva, F. K., Елисеев, М. С., Ershova, E. V., et al. (2021) · Obesity and metabolism · doi:10.14341/omet12714 · Cited by 163
3. Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020
American Diabetes Association (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-s003 · Cited by 162
Vitale, M., Masulli, M., Calabrese, I., Rivellese, A. A., Bonora, E., Signorini, S. G., Perriello, G., Squatrito, S., Buzzetti, R., Sartore, G., et al. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10081067 · Cited by 162
Foundations of Lifestyle Medicine and its Evolution
Lippman, D., Stump, M., Veazey, E., Guimarães, S. T., Rosenfeld, R. M., Kelly, J. H., Ornish, D. M., & Katz, D. L. (2024) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings Innovations Quality & Outcomes · doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2023.11.004 · Cited by 162
Fekete, M., Varga, P., Ungvari, Z. I., Fekete, J. T., Buda, A., Szappanos, Á., Lehoczki, A., Mózes, N., Grosso, G., Godos, J., et al. (2025) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-024-01488-3 · Cited by 162
Primary prevention of ischaemic heart disease: populations, individuals, and health professionals
Gupta, R., & Wood, D. A. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31893-8 · Cited by 159
Xie, Y., Bowe, B. C., Gibson, A. K., McGill, J. B., Maddukuri, G. S., Yan, Y., & Al‐Aly, Z. (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-1890 · Cited by 159
Estimating impact of food choices on life expectancy: A modeling study
Fadnes, L. T., Økland, J.-M., Haaland, Ø. A., & Johansson, K. A. (2022) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003889 · Cited by 158
Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Relation to Cardiometabolic Health—Cause or Effect?
Papandreou, C., Moré, M. I., & Bellamine, A. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12051330 · Cited by 157
3. Prevention or Delay of Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024
ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Bannuru, R. R., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Ekhlaspour, L., Gaglia, J. L., Hilliard, M. E., Johnson, E. L., Khunti, K., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-s003 · Cited by 157
Nuts: Natural Pleiotropic Nutraceuticals
Ros, E., Singh, A., & O’Keefe, J. H. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13093269 · Cited by 155
Self-citationZhu, C., Sawrey-Kubicek, L., Beals, E., Rhodes, C. H., Houts, H. E., Sacchi, R., & Zivkovic, A. M. (2020) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2020.03.005 · Cited by 153
The role of the Mediterranean diet on weight loss and obesity-related diseases
Estruch, R., & Ros, E. (2020) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-020-09579-0 · Cited by 153
Self-citationThe role of diet in hyperuricemia and gout
Yokose, C., McCormick, N., & Choi, H. K. (2021) · Current Opinion in Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/bor.0000000000000779 · Cited by 153
Caprara, G. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020429 · Cited by 152
Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, A. S., Martin, N., Bridges, C., Brainard, J. S., Wang, X., Brown, T. J., Hanson, S., Jimoh, F. O., Ajabnoor, S. M., Deane, K. H., et al. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012345.pub3 · Cited by 151
Obas, V., & Vasan, R. S. (2018) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20171156 · Cited by 148
Bray, G. A., & Ryan, D. H. (2021) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14200 · Cited by 148
Dietary Restrictions and Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Brandhorst, S., & Longo, V. D. (2019) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.118.313352 · Cited by 148
Metabolically healthy obesity: what–s in a name?
Magkos, F. (2019) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqz133 · Cited by 148
Olive Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk in U.S. Adults
Guasch‐Ferré, M., Liu, G., Li, Y., Sampson, L., Manson, J. E., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Stampfer, M. J., Willett, W. C., Sun, Q., et al. (2020) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.02.036 · Cited by 148
Self-citationEstruch, R., Martínez-González, M. A., Corella, D., Salas-Salvadó, J., Fitó, M., Chiva-Blanch, G., Fiol, M., Gómez-Gracia, E., Arós, F., Lapetra, J., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30074-9 · Cited by 147
Self-citationRetractedKoliaki, C., Spinos, T., Spinou, Μ., Brinia, Μ.-E., Mitsopoulou, D., & Katsilambros, N. (2018) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare6030073 · Cited by 146
Diagnosis and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults
Kalyani, R. R., Neumiller, J. J., Maruthur, N. M., & Wexler, D. J. (2025) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2025.5956 · Cited by 145
Jiménez-Torres, J., Alcala-Diaz, J. F., Torres-Peña, J. D., Gutierrez-Mariscal, F. M., Leon‐Acuña, A., Gómez-Luna, P., Fernández-Gandara, C., Quintana‐Navarro, G. M., Fernández‐García, J. C., Perez-Martinez, P., et al. (2021) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.120.033214 · Cited by 144
Averna, M. R., Banach, M., Bruckert, É., Drexel, H., Farnier, M., Gaiță, D. I., Magni, P., März, W., Masana, L., Silva, A. M. E., et al. (2021) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.03.039 · Cited by 143
Self-citationRole of the intestinal microbiome and its therapeutic intervention in cardiovascular disorder
Luqman, A., Hassan, A., Ullah, M., Naseem, S., Ullah, M., Zhang, L., Din, A. U., Ullah, K., Ahmad, W., & Wang, G. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321395 · Cited by 145
Spence, J. D. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11030647 · Cited by 141
Long-Term Weight Loss Strategies for Obesity
Kheniser, K., Saxon, D. R., & Kashyap, S. R. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab091 · Cited by 139
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Nut-Related Antioxidants, and Cardiovascular Disease
dos Santos, J. L., de Quadros, A. S., Weschenfelder, C., Garofallo, S. B., & Marcadenti, A. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12030682 · Cited by 139
Healthy Aging—Nutrition Matters: Start Early and Screen Often
Roberts, S. B., Silver, R. E., Das, S. K., Fielding, R. A., Gilhooly, C. H., Jacques, P. F., Kelly, J. M., Mason, J. B., McKeown, N. M., Reardon, M. A., et al. (2021) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmab032 · Cited by 138
Sánchez-Sánchez, M. L., García-Vigara, A., Hidalgo-Mora, J. J., García-Pérez, M.-Á., Tarín, J., & Cano, A. (2020) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.03.008 · Cited by 137
Fekete, M., Szarvas, Z., Fazekas-Pongor, V., Feher, A., Csipo, T., Forrai, J., Dosa, N., Peterfi, A., Lehoczki, A., Tarantini, S., et al. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15010047 · Cited by 137
Karstens, A. J., Tussing-Humphreys, L., Zhan, L., Rajendran, N., Cohen, J., Dion, C., Zhou, X. J., & Lamar, M. (2019) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy275 · Cited by 136
Dietary and policy priorities to reduce the global crises of obesity and diabetes
Mozaffarian, D. (2020) · Nature Food · doi:10.1038/s43016-019-0013-1 · Cited by 135
Perspective: Design and Conduct of Human Nutrition Randomized Controlled Trials
Lichtenstein, A. H., Petersen, K. S., Barger, K., Hansen, K. E., Anderson, C. A. M., Baer, D. J., Lampe, J. W., Rasmussen, H., & Matthan, N. R. (2020) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmaa109 · Cited by 136
Mediterranean diet and the hallmarks of ageing
Shannon, O. M., Ashor, A. W., Scialò, F., Saretzki, G. C., Martin-Ruiz, C. M., Lara, J., Matu, J., Griffiths, A., Robinson, N., Lionetti, L., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-020-00841-x · Cited by 136
Overview of anti-inflammatory diets and their promising effects on non-communicable diseases
Yu, X., Pu, H., & Voss, M. (2024) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114524001405 · Cited by 134
Obesity and cardiovascular disease: an ESC clinical consensus statement
Koskinas, K. C., Craenenbroeck, E. M. V., Antoniades, C. A., Blüher, M., Gorter, T. M., Hanssen, H., Marx, N., McDonagh, T. A., Mingrone, G., Rosengren, A., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae279 · Cited by 134
A Clinician's Guide to Healthy Eating for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Pallazola, V. A., Davis, D. M., Whelton, S. P., Cardoso, R. N., Latina, J. M., Michos, E. D., Sarkar, S., Blumenthal, R. S., Arnett, D. K., Stone, N. J., et al. (2019) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings Innovations Quality & Outcomes · doi:10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2019.05.001 · Cited by 134
Validity of the energy-restricted Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener
Schröder, H., Zomeño, M. D., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Corella, D., Vioqué, J., Romaguera, D., Martínez, J. A., Tinahones, F. J., López‐Miranda, J., et al. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.030 · Cited by 133
Self-citationRosenzweig, J. L., Bakris, G. L., Berglund, L., Hivert, M., Horton, E. S., Kalyani, R. R., Murad, M. H., & Vergès, B. L. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2019-01338 · Cited by 133
The impact of nutrition and lifestyle modification on health
Santos, L. D. C. (2021) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2021.09.020 · Cited by 131
Vegetable-Based Diets for Chronic Kidney Disease? It Is Time to Reconsider
Cases, A., Cigarrán, S., Mas, S., & González‐Parra, E. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11061263 · Cited by 130
Nutrition and the ageing brain: Moving towards clinical applications
Flanagan, E. C., Lamport, D. J., Brennan, L., Burnet, P. W. J., Calabrese, V., Cunnane, S. C., de Wilde, M. C., Dye, L., Farrimond, J. A., Lombardo, N. B. E., et al. (2020) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101079 · Cited by 132
Research gaps and opportunities in precision nutrition: an NIH workshop report
Lee, B. Y., Ordovás, J. M., Parks, E. J., Anderson, C. A. M., Barabási, A.-Ĺ., Clinton, S. K., de la Haye, K., Duffy, V. B., Franks, P. W., Ginexi, E. M., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac237 · Cited by 132
Wadden, T. A., Chao, A. M., Moore, M., Tronieri, J. S., Gilden, A., Amaro, A., Leonard, S., & Jakicic, J. M. (2023) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-023-00534-z · Cited by 129
O'Donnell, M. J., Mente, A., Rangarajan, S., McQueen, M., O’Leary, N., Yin, L., Liu, X., Swaminathan, S., Khatib, R., Rosengren, A., et al. (2019) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.l772 · Cited by 129
Consumption of Olive Oil and Risk of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Among U.S. Adults
Guasch‐Ferré, M., Li, Y., Willett, W. C., Sun, Q., Sampson, L., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Stampfer, M. J., & Hu, F. B. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.10.041 · Cited by 128
Self-citationShared Risk Factors between Dementia and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Nordestgaard, L. T., Christoffersen, M., & Frikke‐Schmidt, R. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23179777 · Cited by 128
Shannon, O. M., Stephan, B. C. M., Granic, A., Lentjes, M. A. H., Hayat, S. A., Mulligan, A. A., Brayne, C., Khaw, K., Bundy, R., Aldred, S., et al. (2019) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqz114 · Cited by 127
Crovetto, F., Crispi, F., Casas, R. M., Martín-Asuero, A., Borràs, R., Vieta, E., Estruch, R., Gratacós, E., IMPACT BCN Trial Investigators, Paulés, C., et al. (2021) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20178 · Cited by 127
Self-citationFranquesa, M., Pujol-Busquets, G., García-Fernández, E., Rico, L., Shamirian-Pulido, L., Aguilar, A., Medina, F. X., Serra‐Majem, L., & Bach-Faig, A. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11030655 · Cited by 126
Self-citation3. Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019
American Diabetes Association (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc19-s003 · Cited by 126
Cluster Analysis of Health-Related Lifestyles in University Students
Bennasar‐Veny, M., Yáñez, A. M., Pericás, J., Brage, L. B., Fernández‐Domínguez, J. C., Tauler, P., & Aguiló, A. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17051776 · Cited by 125
Filippou, C. D., Thomopoulos, C., Kouremeti, M., Sotiropoulou, L., Nihoyannopoulos, P., Tousoulis, D. M., & Tsioufis, C. P. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.01.030 · Cited by 125
Zhang, N., Jin, M., Wang, K., Zhang, Z., Shah, N. P., & Wei, H. (2021) · Carbohydrate Polymers · doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119043 · Cited by 126
Capurso, C. A., Bellanti, F., Buglio, A. L., & Vendemiale, G. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12010035 · Cited by 124
Herrington, W. G., Judge, P. K., Grams, M. E., & Wanner, C. (2025) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01942-7 · Cited by 124
Diet and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Mediterranean Way
Abenavoli, L., Boccuto, L., Federico, A., Dallio, M., Loguercio, C., Renzo, L. D., & LORENZO, A. D. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16173011 · Cited by 123
MolDiscovery: learning mass spectrometry fragmentation of small molecules
Cao, L., Güler, M., Tagirdzhanov, A., Lee, Y.-Y., Gurevich, A. A., & Mohimani, H. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23986-0 · Cited by 123
Writing Committee Members, Blumenthal, R. S., Morris, P. B., Gaudino, M., Johnson, H. M., Anderson, T. S., Bittner, V. A., Blankstein, R., Brewer, L. C., Cho, L., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001423 · Cited by 122
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of stroke and stroke subtypes
Chen, G., Neelakantan, N., Martín‐Calvo, N., Koh, W., Yuan, J., Bonaccio, M., Iacoviello, L., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Qin, L., & van Dam, R. M. (2019) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-019-00504-7 · Cited by 122
Self-citationBartrina, J. A., Partearroyo, T., López-Sobaler, A. M., Anta, R. M. O., Varela‐Moreiras, G., Serra‐Majem, L., Pérez‐Rodrigo, C., & The Collaborative Group for the Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish Population (SENC) (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11112675 · Cited by 122
Self-citationDietary fat intake and metabolic syndrome in adults: A systematic review
Julibert, A., Bibiloni, M. D. M., & Tur, J. A. (2019) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2019.05.055 · Cited by 121
Godos, J., Scazzina, F., Castello, C. P., Giampieri, F., Quiles, J. L., Urbano, M. B., Battino, M. A., Galvano, F., Iacoviello, L., de Gaetano, G., et al. (2024) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-024-05095-w · Cited by 121
Natural Bioactive Compounds Useful in Clinical Management of Metabolic Syndrome
Noce, A., Lauro, M. D., Daniele, F. D., Zaitseva, A. P., Marrone, G., Borboni, P., & Daniele, N. D. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020630 · Cited by 120
Magkos, F., Tetens, I., Bügel, S. G., Felby, C., Schacht, S. R., Hill, J. O., Ravussin, E., & Astrup, A. (2020) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmz090 · Cited by 119
Barnard, N. D., Alwarith, J., Rembert, E., Brandon, L., Nguyen, M., Goergen, A., Horne, T., do Nascimento, G. F., Lakkadi, K., Tura, A., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American Nutrition Association · doi:10.1080/07315724.2020.1869625 · Cited by 119
Guasch‐Ferré, M., Santos, J. L., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Clish, C. B., Razquín, C., Wang, D., Liang, L., Li, J., Dennis, C., Corella, D., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa016 · Cited by 118
Self-citationThe Microbiota and the Gut–Brain Axis in Controlling Food Intake and Energy Homeostasis
Romaní‐Pérez, M., Bullich‐Vilarrubias, C., López‐Almela, I., Liébana-García, R., Olivares, M., & Sanz, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22115830 · Cited by 117
Sustainability of Alternatives to Animal Protein Sources, a Comprehensive Review
Gil, M., Rudy, M., Duma‐Kocan, P., Stanisławczyk, R., Krajewska, A. M., Dziki, D., & Hassoon, W. H. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su16177701 · Cited by 118
Dietary Fats and Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases
Billingsley, H., Carbone, S., & Lavie, C. J. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10101385 · Cited by 116
Dietary Bioactive Fatty Acids as Modulators of Immune Function: Implications on Human Health
Kumar, N. G., Contaifer, D., Madurantakam, P. A., Carbone, S., Price, E. T., Tassell, B. W. V., Brophy, D. F., & Wijesinghe, D. S. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11122974 · Cited by 116
Yoram Vodovotz, B., Barnard, N. D., Hu, F. B., Jakicic, J. M., Lianov, L. S., Loveland, D., Buysse, D. J., Szigethy, E., Finkel, T., Sowa, G., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.585744 · Cited by 116
Luisi, M. L. E., Lucarini, L., Biffi, B., Rafanelli, E., Pietramellara, G., Durante, M., Vidali, S., Provensi, G., Madiai, S., Gheri, C. F., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01366 · Cited by 115
Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk, Hematopoiesis, and Innate Immunity
Schloss, M. J., Świrski, F. K., & Nahrendorf, M. (2020) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.120.315936 · Cited by 114
Obesity phenotypes and cardiovascular risk: From pathophysiology to clinical management
Preda, A., Carbone, F., Tirandi, A., Montecucco, F., & Liberale, L. (2023) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-023-09813-5 · Cited by 114
Legumes: A Vehicle for Transition to Sustainability
Yanni, A. E., Iakovidi, S., Vasilikopoulou, E., & Karathanos, V. Τ. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16010098 · Cited by 114
Cordaro, M., Siracusa, R., Fusco, R., D’Amico, R., Peritore, A. F., Gugliandolo, E., Genovese, T., Scuto, M. C., Crupi, R., Mandalari, G., et al. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9080660 · Cited by 112
Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19
Angelidi, A. M., Kokkinos, A. D., Katechaki, E., Ros, E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2020) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154407 · Cited by 112
Self-citationAnti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging
Stromsnes, K., Correas, Á. G., Lehmann, J., Gambini, J., & González, G. O. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9080922 · Cited by 112
Liu, X., Zheng, Y., Guasch‐Ferré, M., Ruiz‐Canela, M., Toledo, E., Clish, C. B., Liang, L., Razquín, C., Corella, D., Estruch, R., et al. (2019) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005 · Cited by 111
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Estruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Arós, F., Gómez-Gracia, E., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., Lamuela-Raventos, R. M., Serra-Majem, L., Pintó, X., Basora, J., Muñoz, M. A., Sorlí, J. V., Martínez, J. A., Fitó, M., Gea, A., Hernán, M. A., & Martínez-González, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- From the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) Network (RD 06/0045) (R.E., J.S.-S., F.A., E.G.-G., V.R.-G., R.M.L.-R., L.S.-M., X.P., J.B., J.V.S., J.A.M., M.A.M.-G.) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (R.E., E.R., J.S.-S., M.-I.C., D.C., F.A., M. Fiol, J.L., R.M.L.-R., L.S.-M., X.P., J.B., J.V.S., J.A.M., M. Fitó, A.G., M.A.M.-G.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, the Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic (R.E.), the...
- Universitat de València (ES)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2018-06-21
- Volume
- 378
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 1388-1389
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2807970930
- Semantic Scholar
- 580a209e2919f5cc97eaef2baa9bda59f3697e6b
- Cited by
- 3,616
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 470 · 2025: 472 · 2024: 431 · 2023: 489 · 2022: 406 · 2021: 445 · 2020: 455 · 2019: 322 · 2018: 111
- FWCI
- 317.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Acceda (Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) (submittedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- Docusalut (Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears) (submittedVersion)
- RISalud Institutional Health Repository of Andalucía (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia (Public Health Division of the Department of Health)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERobn, CP06/00100, P11/02505, PI 05/2584, PI 07/0473, PI04/0954, PI07/0240, PI07/0954, PI07/1138, PI10/01407, PI10/02658, PI11/01647, RTIC G03/140, RTIC RD06/0045)
- Departamento de Educación, Gobierno de Navarra (P27/2011)
- Generalitat Valenciana (ACOMP06109, CS2010-AP-111, CS2011-AP-042, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (ME-1503-28119)
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (AGL-2009-13906-C02, AGL2010-22319-C03)
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC 06/2007)
- Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0105/2007)
- Fundación Mapfre (Fundación Mapfre 2010)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, extra virgin olive oil, mixed nuts, primary prevention, cardiovascular disease, major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular mortality, high cardiovascular risk, dietary intervention, protocol deviations, propensity score, intention-to-treat analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
