Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among gay and bisexual men: a systematic review.
Open accessAbstract
A systematic review was performed on the evidence of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in gay and bisexual men (GBM). Studies conducted in industrialised countries and published in English from 2000 to 2015 with data on HCV in GBM were included. Pooled estimates of prevalence and incidence of HCV infection were stratified by study settings and participants' HIV status using random effect models. Case-series reports were summarised descriptively. Of the 38 cross-sectional studies, the pooled HCV prevalence was substantially higher in HIV-positive men (8.3%, 95% CI: 6.7-9.9) than in HIV-negative men (1.5%, 95% CI 0.8-2.1), and higher in those who reported injecting drug use (34.8%, 95% CI 26.9-42.7) than in those who did not (3.5%, 95% CI 2.4-4.5). Of the 16 longitudinal studies, the pooled HCV incidence was markedly higher in clinic-based (7.0 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 4.6-9.5) than in community-based (1.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0.7-2.1) studies, and in HIV-positive men (6.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 4.6-8.1) than in HIV-negative men (0.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0-0.9). Since the early 2000s, 15 case-series reports increasingly pointed to the importance of sexual transmission of HCV in mainly HIV-positive men. Injecting drug use remained the major transmission route of HCV in GBM. Receptive condomless intercourse and concurrent ulcerative sexually transmissible infections are likely drivers that facilitated HCV sexual transmission in HIV-positive men. HCV incidence remains very low in HIV-negative GBM.
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A recent systematic review reported an HCV incidence of 6.35 per 1,000 person years among MSM with HIV infection.
“A recent systematic review reported an HCV incidence of 6.35 per 1,000 person years among MSM with HIV infection (1343).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [1343]
The section “HCV incidence stratified by HIV status” reports a pooled incidence of 6.4 per 1,000 person-years across 13 studies of HIV-positive gay and bisexual men. This supports the population and approximate rate, but our copy does not report the more precise figure of 6.35. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among HIV-infected men who have sex with men - New York City, 2005-2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rrp 2011; 60: 945-50.
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- Authors
- Jin, F., Matthews, G. V., & Grulich, A. E.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Jin, Fengyi
- Venue
- Sexual Health
- Publisher
- CSIRO Publishing
- Published
- 2016-10-07
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-41
- ISSN
- 1448-5028 (ISSN-L)
- 1449-8987
- OpenAlex
- W2513898142
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 1.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sexual Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Keywords
- hepatitis C virus, sexual transmission, gay and bisexual men, HIV coinfection, HCV prevalence, HCV incidence, intravenous drug use, sexually transmitted infections, men who have sex with men
- MeSH terms
- Bisexuality, Hepatitis C, Humans, Male, Sexual Behavior, HIV Infections, Incidence, Prevalence, Homosexuality, Male
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