How the Dorsal gradient works: Insights from postgenome technologies
Open accessAbstract
Gradients of extracellular signaling molecules and transcription factors are used in a variety of developmental processes, including the patterning of the Drosophila embryo, the establishment of diverse neuronal cell types in the vertebrate neural tube, and the anterior-posterior patterning of vertebrate limbs. Here, we discuss how a gradient of the maternal transcription factor Dorsal produces complex patterns of gene expression across the dorsal-ventral (DV) axis of the early Drosophila embryo. The identification of 60-70 Dorsal target genes, along with the characterization of approximately 35 associated regulatory DNAs, suggests that there are at least six different regulatory codes driving diverse DV expression profiles.
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Recent evidence shows that positions where cis-regulatory modules act depend on combinatorial activator and repressor inputs, and morphogen concentrations alone do not predict target expression domains except sometimes at extreme high concentrations.
“Much recent evidence, however, shows that the positions where these cis-regulatory modules act depend on combinatorial activator and repressor inputs15–19, and the quantitative values of these ‘morphogens’ alone do not by themselves predict the spatial expression domains of their target genes (except sometimes at the extreme positions where their concentrations are highest).”
From Emerging properties of animal gene regulatory networks (2010) · cites this paper as [15]
In the syncytial Drosophila embryo, spatial stripes of dorsal/ventral and anterior/posterior regulatory gene expression are generated by parallel cis-regulatory responses to maternal and zygotic combinations of diffusing transcription factors.
“In the syncytial embryo spatial stripes of both dorsal/ventral and anterior/posterior regulatory gene expression, which specify the future multicellular embryonic territories, are generated by parallel cis-regulatory responses to maternally localized and zygotically expressed combinations of diffusing transcription factors15–17.”
From Emerging properties of animal gene regulatory networks (2010) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Hong, J.-W., Hendrix, D. A., Papatsenko, D., & Levine, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-12-23
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 51
- Pages
- 20072-20076
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2629255
- OpenAlex
- W2066704768
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 1.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM046638)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Keywords
- dorsal-ventral axis, Drosophila embryo, maternal transcription factors, gene expression gradients, embryonic patterning, anterior-posterior patterning
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Drosophila, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Embryonic Induction, Nuclear Proteins, Phosphoproteins, Transcription Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Body Patterning, Drosophila Proteins
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