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Cited by 5,958Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressPhytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesExercise and Physiological Responses

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 195 of the 195 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging.

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Ames, B N, Shigenaga, M K, Hagen, T M·1993·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915PMC PMC47258
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Abstract

Metabolism, like other aspects of life, involves tradeoffs. Oxidant by-products of normal metabolism cause extensive damage to DNA, protein, and lipid. We argue that this damage (the same as that produced by radiation) is a major contributor to aging and to degenerative diseases of aging such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, immune-system decline, brain dysfunction, and cataracts. Antioxidant defenses against this damage include ascorbate, tocopherol, and carotenoids. Dietary fruits and vegetables are the principal source of ascorbate and carotenoids and are one source of tocopherol. Low dietary intake of fruits and vegetables doubles the risk of most types of cancer as compared to high intake and also markedly increases the risk of heart disease and cataracts. Since only 9% of Americans eat the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables per day, the opportunity for improving health by improving diet is great.

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Citations

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Research works printed but not linked: 25

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Metadata

Authors
Ames, B. N., Shigenaga, M. K., & Hagen, T. M.
Affiliations
University of California, Berkeley (US)
ORCID
Ames, B N
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
1993-09
Volume
90
Issue
17
Pages
7915-7922
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915
PMC
PMC47258
OpenAlex
W2023677185
Cited by
5,958
References
195
Citations by year
2026: 33 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 125 · 2022: 112 · 2021: 127 · 2020: 164 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 158 · 2017: 176 · 2016: 177 · 2015: 198 · 2014: 272 · 2013: 267 · 2012: 293
FWCI
13.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Rockefeller Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health (5r35ca039910-14)
  • National Cancer Institute (CA399 10)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ESO1896, P30ES001896)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords
oxidative stress, free radicals, antioxidants, aging, degenerative diseases, DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, vitamin C, tocopherols, carotenoids, cancer risk, cardiovascular disease, cataract, waning immunity, brain dysfunction
MeSH terms
Aging, Animals, Antioxidants, Diet, Disease, DNA Damage, Humans, Neoplasms, Proteins, Oxidants, Lipid Metabolism

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