Understanding the nature of bilingual aphasia: Diagnosis, assessment and rehabilitation
Abstract
In this chapter, we review the current state of the science with regards to bilingual aphasia. Four important themes emerge from this research. First, bilingual aphasia is an exponentially complex manifestation of a dynamic interaction between age of acquisition, exposure, proficiency, and impairment after brain damage. Second, findings of language coactivation have implications for bilingual aphasia rehabilitation in terms of whether cross language generalization can be expected or not. Third, few studies on bilingual aphasia have begun to examine this notion of domain general versus domain specific language and cognitive control. Finally, there are structural and functional changes in the bilingual brain, and in the case of brain damage, these changes can impact the extent of language impairment and recovery.
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Measures of language abilities may vary widely between studies, as standardized assessments reflect both system damage and individual language mastery.
“Notably, measures of language abilities may vary widely between such studies, as standardized assessments reflect both system damage and individual language mastery26,52.”
From Machine Learning Predictions of Recovery in Bilingual Poststroke Aphasia: Aligning Insights With Clinical Evidence (2025) · cites this paper as [26]
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Self-citation
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Goral, M., Norvik, M. I., Antfolk, J., Agrotou, I., & Lehtonen, M. (2023) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105326 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Executive control in bilingual aphasia: a systematic review
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Marte, M. J., Carpenter, E., Scimeca, M., Russell-Meill, M., Peñaloza, C., Grasemann, U., Miikkulainen, R., & Kiran, S. (2025) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.124.047867 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kiran, S., & Gray, T.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- San Francisco State University (US)
- Venue
- Studies in Bilingualism
- Publisher
- John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Published
- 2018-01-29
- Pages
- 371-400
- ISSN
- 0928-1533 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2789467433
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 170
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.85
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Studies in bilingualism (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Keywords
- bilingual aphasia, age of acquisition, language exposure, language proficiency, cross-lingual generalization, aphasia rehabilitation, domain-specific languages, cognitive control, bilingual brain
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