Exercise training-induced modification of the gut microbiota persists after microbiota colonization and attenuates the response to chemically-induced colitis in gnotobiotic mice
Open accessAbstract
Exercise reduces the risk of inflammatory disease by modulating a variety of tissue and cell types, including those within the gastrointestinal tract. Recent data indicates that exercise can also alter the gut microbiota, but little is known as to whether these changes affect host function. Here, we use a germ-free (GF) animal model to test whether exercise-induced modifications in the gut microbiota can directly affect host responses to microbiota colonization and chemically-induced colitis. Donor mice (n = 19) received access to a running wheel (n = 10) or remained without access (n = 9) for a period of six weeks. After euthanasia, cecal contents were pooled by activity treatment and transplanted into two separate cohorts of GF mice. Two experiments were then conducted. First, mice were euthanized five weeks after the microbiota transplant and tissues were collected for analysis. A second cohort of GF mice were colonized by donor microbiotas for four weeks before dextran-sodium-sulfate was administered to induce acute colitis, after which mice were euthanized for tissue analysis. We observed that microbial transplants from donor (exercised or control) mice led to differences in microbiota β-diversity, metabolite profiles, colon inflammation, and body mass in recipient mice five weeks after colonization. We also demonstrate that colonization of mice with a gut microbiota from exercise-trained mice led to an attenuated response to chemical colitis, evidenced by reduced colon shortening, attenuated mucus depletion and augmented expression of cytokines involved in tissue regeneration. Exercise-induced modifications in the gut microbiota can mediate host-microbial interactions with potentially beneficial outcomes for the host.
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With age, there is a decrease in beneficial microorganisms and an accumulation of potentially pro-inflammatory microorganisms in the gut, leading to a change in microbial composition and a decrease in microbial diversity.
“However, with age, there is a decrease in beneficial microorganisms216,217 and an accumulation of potentially pro-inflammatory microorganisms in the gut,218 leading to a change in microbial composition and a decrease in microbial diversity.”
From Inflammation and aging: signaling pathways and intervention therapies (2023) · cites this paper as [218]
The Discussion describes exercise-related differences in gut bacteria and inflammatory markers, not an accumulation of pro-inflammatory microorganisms with age. The Methods identify the donors as six-week-old mice; searches for aging, age-related microbial changes, and declining diversity found no passage supporting the attributed point. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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Attributes of Physical Activity and Gut Microbiome in Adults: A Systematic Review
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Targeting the Gut Microbiota to Treat Cachexia
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Gut bacteria formation and influencing factors
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Physical Activity, Immune System, and the Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease
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Gut-muscle axis mechanism of exercise prevention of sarcopenia
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Exercise induces tissue hypoxia and HIF-1α redistribution in the small intestine
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Influence of the gut microbiome on inflammatory and immune response after stroke
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Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Microbiota: Which Impact on Lung Cancer?
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Update to the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Based on the Gut-Brain Axis Mechanism
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Exercise, Diet, and Brain Health: From the Perspective of Gut Microbiota Regulation
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The Gut Microbiota: a Novel Player in the Pathogenesis of Uterine Fibroids
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- Authors
- Allen, J. M., Mailing, L. J., Cohrs, J., Salmonson, C., Fryer, J. D., Nehra, V., Hale, V. L., Kashyap, P., White, B. A., & Woods, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Mayo Clinic in Florida (US)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Woods, J. A.
- Venue
- Gut Microbes
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2017-09-22
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 115-130
- ISSN
- 1949-0976 (ISSN-L)
- 1949-0984
- PMC
- PMC5989796
- OpenAlex
- W2751390220
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut Microbes (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- exercise training, gut microbiota, microbiota transplantation, germ-free mice, DSS-induced colitis, chemically induced colitis, host-microbe interactions, colonic inflammation, cytokine expression, body mass, metabolite profiles, beta diversity
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Animals, Body Weight, Cecum, Colitis, Colon, Disease Models, Animal, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Germ-Free Life, Homeostasis, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Sex Factors, Cytokines, Dextran Sulfate, Mice
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