Exercise and gut immune function: evidence of alterations in colon immune cell homeostasis and microbiome characteristics with exercise training
Abstract
There is robust evidence that habitual physical activity is anti‐inflammatory and protective against developing chronic inflammatory disease. Much less is known about the effects of habitual moderate exercise in the gut, the compartment that has the greatest immunological responsibility and interactions with the intestinal microbiota. The link between the two has become evident, as recent studies have linked intestinal dysbiosis, or the disproportionate balance of beneficial to pathogenic microbes, with increased inflammatory disease susceptibility. Limited animal and human research findings imply that exercise may have a beneficial role in preventing and ameliorating such diseases by having an effect on gut immune function and, recently, microbiome characteristics. Emerging data from our laboratory show that different forms of exercise training differentially impact the severity of intestinal inflammation during an inflammatory insult (for example, ulcerative colitis) and may be jointly related to gut immune cell homeostasis and microbiota–immune interactions. The evidence we review and present will provide data in support of rigorous investigations concerning the effects of habitual exercise on gut health and disease.
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Exercise influences the composition of the gut microbiota community.
“These preliminary studies indicate that exercise influences the composition of the gut microbiota community.”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- Cook, M. D., Allen, J. M., Pence, B. D., Wallig, M. A., Gaskins, H. R., White, B. A., & Woods, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Woods, Jeffrey A
- ORCID
- Venue
- Immunology & Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-12-15
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 158-163
- ISSN
- 0004-945X (ISSN-L)
- 0818-9641
- 1440-1711
- OpenAlex
- W2214051764
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Immunology and Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American College of Sports Medicine
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Keywords
- exercise training, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation, ulcerative colitis, microbiota-immune interactions, gut health
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Colitis, Colon, Exercise Therapy, Homeostasis, Humans, Intestines, Exercise, Immunity, Mucosal, Microbiota
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