Having to versus Wanting to Play: Background and Consequences of Harmonious versus Obsessive Engagement in Video Games
Abstract
The present research examined the background and consequences of different styles of engagement in video game play. Based on self-determination theory(1) and the dualistic model of passion,(2) the authors hypothesized that high levels of basic psychological need satisfaction would foster harmonious passion for video play, supporting the subjective sense that play is something one wants to do. It was also predicted that low levels of need satisfaction would promote obsessive passion for games and contribute to the feeling that game play is something one feels compelled to or has to do. It was expected, in turn, that passion for play would directly influence player outcomes closely tied to games, moderate links between play and well-being, and relate to overall levels of well-being as a function of basic need satisfaction. As expected, results showed that low levels of basic need satisfaction were associated with more obsessive passion, higher amounts of play, greater tension following play, and low game enjoyment, whereas high levels of need satisfaction did not predict hours of play but were associated with more harmonious passion, game enjoyment, and energy following play. Moderation analyses showed that high amounts of play related negatively to well-being only to the extent that players reported an obsessive passion and that the unique relations between passion and overall levels of player well-being were quite small once controlling for their basic need satisfaction in daily life. Discussion of the current findings focuses on their significance for understanding disordered play and the value of applying a theory-based approach to study motivation for virtual contexts.
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Gaming is an activity that can fulfil basic psychological needs such as relatedness, autonomy and competence, especially for players able to successfully integrate their gaming activities with other important life domains.
“Research has shown that gaming is an activity that can fulfil basic psychological needs such as relatedness, autonomy and competence 133 , especially for players able to successfully integrate their gaming activities with other important life domains 134-136 .”
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The Effects of Social Exclusion on Play Experience and Hostile Cognitions in Digital Games
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The social factors and functions of media use
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Only Holistic and Iterative Change Will Fix Digital Technology Research
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- Authors
- Przybylski, A. K., Weinstein, N., Ryan, R. M., & Rigby, C. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester (US)
- Immersyve Inc., Orlando, Florida.
- Corresponding author
- Przybylski, Andrew K.
- Venue
- CyberPsychology & Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 485-492
- ISSN
- 1094-9313 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8364
- OpenAlex
- W2000292736
- Cited by
- 262
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 17.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CyberPsychology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Games and Media
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- video gaming, harmonious passion, obsessive passion, psychological need satisfaction, self-determination theory, dualistic model of passion, game enjoyment, player well-being
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Obsessive Behavior, Play and Playthings, Psychological Theory, Video Games, Personal Autonomy, Young Adult
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