Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 799

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Evidence for protection against age-related macular degeneration by carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins

Snodderly, DM·1995·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1448s
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1448s

Cites

10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 128

  1. Snodderly, 1984, The macular pigment. I. Absorbance spectra, localization, and discrimination from other yellow pigments in primate retinas., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 25, 660
  2. Snodderly, 1984, The macular pigment. II. Spatial distribution in primate retinas., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 25, 674
  3. Snodderly, 1992, Neural-vascular relationships in central retina of macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)., J Neurosci, 12, 1169, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.12-04-01169.1992 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Ahmed, 1993, Oxygen distribution in the macaque retina., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 34, 516
  5. Lowry, 1956, The quantitative histochemistry of the retina., J Biol Chem, 220, 879, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)65313-X · DOI · Paper page
  6. Anderson, 1979, The relationship of primate foveal cones to the pigment epithelium., J Ultrastruct Res, 67, 23, 10.1016/S0022-5320(79)80014-3 · DOI
  7. Bone, 1988, Analysis of the macular pigment by HPLC: retinal distribution and age study., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 29, 843
  8. Snodderly, 1991, Distribution of individual macular pigment carotenoids in central retina of macaque and squirrel monkeys., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 32, 268
  9. Zhang, 1991, Carotenoids enhance gap junctional communication and inhibit lipid peroxidation in C3H/10T1/2 cells: relationship to their cancer chemopreventive action., Carcinogenesis, 12, 2109, 10.1093/carcin/12.11.2109 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Azzi, 1995, Vitamin E: a sensor and an information transducer of the cell oxidation state., Am J Clin Nutr, 62, 1337S, 10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1337S · DOI
  11. Handelman, 1986, The role of antioxidants in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium and the nature of prooxidant-induced damage., Adv Free Radie Biol Med, 2, 1, 10.1016/S8755-9668(86)80024-2 · DOI
  12. Taylor, 1993, Oxidation and aging: impact on vision., J Toxicol Ind Health, 9, 349, 10.1177/0748233793009001-226 · DOI
  13. Green, 1985, Pathologic features of senile macular degeneration., Ophthalmology, 92, 615, 10.1016/S0161-6420(85)33993-3 · DOI
  14. Green, 1993, Age-related macular degeneration histopathologic studies., Ophthalmology, 100, 1519, 10.1016/S0161-6420(93)31466-1 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Weiter, 1988, Central sparing in annular macular degeneration., Am J Ophthalmol, 106, 286, 10.1016/S0002-9394(14)76619-X · DOI
  16. Curcio, 1993, Aging of the human photoreceptor mosiac: evidence for selective vulnerability of rods in central retina., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 34, 3278
  17. Crabtree, 1994, A local minimum of vitamin E in macaque retina is anatomically coincident with a common locus of atrophy in human retina., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 35, 1392
  18. Schein, 1988, Anatomy of macaque fovea and spatial densities of neurons in foveal representation., J Comp Neurol, 269, 479, 10.1002/cne.902690403 · DOI
  19. Curcio, 1990, Human photoreceptor topography., J Comp Neurol, 292, 497, 10.1002/cne.902920402 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Cruickshanks, 1993, Sunlight and age-related macular degeneration., Arch Ophthalmol, 111, 514, 10.1001/archopht.1993.01090040106042 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Taylor, 1992, The long-term effects of visible light on the eye., Arch Ophthalmol, 110, 99, 10.1001/archopht.1992.01080130101035 · DOI · Paper page
  22. West, 1994, Are antioxidants or supplements protective for age-related macular degeneration?, Arch Ophthalmol, 112, 222, 10.1001/archopht.1994.01090140098031 · DOI
  23. Klein, 1995, The relationship of age-related maculopathy, cataract, and glaucoma to visual acuity., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 36, 182
  24. Kahn, 1977, The Framingham Eye Study. 1. Outline and major prevalence findings., Am J Epidemiol, 106, 17, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112428 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Kahn, 1977, The Framingham Eye Study. II. Association of ophthalmic pathology with single variables previously measured in the Framingham Heart Study., Am J Epidemiol, 106, 33, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112429 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Paetkau, 1978, Senile disciform macular degeneration and smoking., Can J Ophthalmol, 13, 67
  27. Hyman, 1992, Risk factors for age-related maculopathy., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 33, 801
  28. Liu, 1989, The association of age-related macular degeneration and lens opacities in the aged., Am J Public Health, 79, 765, 10.2105/AJPH.79.6.765 · DOI
  29. Weiter, 1985, Relationship of senile macular degeneration to ocular pigmentation., Am J Ophthalmol, 99, 185, 10.1016/0002-9394(85)90230-2 · DOI
  30. Sandberg, 1994, Iris pigmentation and extent of disease in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 35, 2734
  31. Church, 1985, Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications., Environ Health Perspect, 64, 111, 10.1289/ehp.8564111 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Allard, 1994, Effects of beta carotene supplementation on lipid peroxidation in humans., Am J Clin Nutr, 59, 884, 10.1093/ajcn/59.4.884 · DOI
  33. Stryker, 1988, The relation of diet, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption to plasma beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol levels., Am J Epidemiol, 127, 283, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114804 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Ascherio, 1992, Correlations of vitamin A and E intakes with the plasma concentrations of carotenoids and tocopherols among American men and women., J Nutr, 122, 1792, 10.1093/jn/122.9.1792 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Rimm, 1993, Smoking, alcohol, and plasma levels of carotenes and vitamin E., Ann N Y Acad Sci, 686, 323, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb39195.x · DOI
  36. Bolton-Smith, 1991, Antioxidant vitamin intakes assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire: correlation with biochemical status in smokers and nonsmokers., Br J Nutr, 65, 337, 10.1079/BJN19910094 · DOI
  37. Schectman, 1989, The influence of smoking on vitamin C status in adults., Am J Public Health, 79, 158, 10.2105/AJPH.79.2.158 · DOI · Paper page
  38. Hammond, 1995, The relationship between cigarette smoking and peak macular pigment density., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 36, 1060
  39. Young, 1988, Solar radiation and age-related macular degeneration., Surv Ophthalmol, 32, 252, 10.1016/0039-6257(88)90174-9 · DOI · Paper page
  40. van den Berg, 1991, Dependence of intraocular straylight on pigmentation and light transmission through the ocular wall., Vision Res, 31, 1361, 10.1016/0042-6989(91)90057-C · DOI
  41. Menon, 1992, Quantitative determination of the melanin contents of ocular tissues from human blue and brown eyes., J Ocular Pharmacol, 8, 35, 10.1089/jop.1992.8.35 · DOI
  42. LaVail, 1987, Protection from light damage by ocular pigmentation: analysis using experimental chimeras and translocation mice., Exp Eye Res, 44, 877, 10.1016/S0014-4835(87)80050-7 · DOI
  43. Penn, 1986, Photostasis: regulation of daily photon-catch by rat retinas in response to various cyclic illuminances., Exp Eye Res, 43, 915, 10.1016/0014-4835(86)90070-9 · DOI
  44. Penn, 1987, Effect of light history on retinal antioxidants and light damage susceptibility in the rat., Exp Eye Res, 44, 779, 10.1016/S0014-4835(87)80041-6 · DOI
  45. Klein, 1993, The Beaver Dam Study: the relationship of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors to age-related maculopathy., Ophthalmology, 100, 406, 10.1016/S0161-6420(93)31634-9 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Weiter, 1987, Relationship of senile macular degeneration to refractive error., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 28, 119
  47. Sperduto, 1980, Senile lens and senile macular changes in a population-based sample., Am J Ophthalmol, 90, 86, 10.1016/S0002-9394(14)75081-0 · DOI
  48. Bressler, 1989, Relationship of cataract and macular degeneration in a populationbased study., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 30, 108
  49. Wang, 1994, Refractive status in the Beaver Dam eye study., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 35, 4344
  50. Krinsky, 1990, Structural and geometrical isomers of carotenoids in human plasma., J Nutr, 120, 1654, 10.1093/jn/120.12.1654 · DOI
  51. Handelman, 1988, Carotenoids in the human macula and whole retina., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 29, 850
  52. Schaefer, 1983, The effects of estrogen administration on plasma lipoprotein metabolism in premenopausal females., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 57, 262, 10.1210/jcem-57-2-262 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Tikkanen, 1982, High density lipopro-tein-2 and hepatic lipase: reciprocal changes produced by estrogen and norgestrel., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 54, 1113, 10.1210/jcem-54-6-1113 · DOI · Paper page
  54. Barrett-Connor, 1991, Estrogen and coronary heart disease in women., JAMA, 265, 1861, 10.1001/jama.1991.03460140089033 · DOI · Paper page
  55. Basdevant, 1992, Steroids and lipid metabolism: mechanism of action., Int J Fertil, 37, 93
  56. Niki, 1990, Estrogens as antioxidants., Methods Enzymol, 186, 330, 10.1016/0076-6879(90)86126-G · DOI
  57. Behrens, 1982, Distribution of alpha tocopherol in human plasma lipoproteins., Am J Clin Nutr, 35, 691, 10.1093/ajcn/35.4.691 · DOI
  58. Kayden, 1993, Absorption, lipoprotein transport, and regulation of plasma concentrations of vitamin E in humans., J Lipid Res, 34, 343, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)40727-8 · DOI · Paper page
  59. Krinsky, 1958, The transport of vitamin A and carotenoids in human plasma., Arch Biochem Biophys, 73, 233, 10.1016/0003-9861(58)90259-5 · DOI · Paper page
  60. Bjomson, 1976, The transport of alpha tocopherol and beta carotene in human blood., J Lipid Res, 17, 343, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)34917-8 · DOI
  61. Spear, 1994, Effects of aging on the primate visual system: spatial and temporal processing by lateral geniculate neurons in young adult and old Rhesus monkeys., J Neurophysiol, 72, 402, 10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.402 · DOI
  62. Werner, 1990, Light, vision and aging., Optom Vis Sci, 67, 214, 10.1097/00006324-199003000-00013 · DOI
  63. Curcio, 1991, Distribution and morphology of human cone photoreceptors stained with anti-blue opsin., J Comp Neurol, 312, 610, 10.1002/cne.903120411 · DOI · Paper page
  64. Werner, 1989, Loss of human photoreceptor sensitivity associated with chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation., Ophthalmology, 96, 1552, 10.1016/S0161-6420(89)32693-5 · DOI
  65. Sperling, 1980, Differential spectral photic damage to primate cones., Vision Res, 20, 1117, 10.1016/0042-6989(80)90049-8 · DOI
  66. Haegerstrom-Portnoy, 1988, Short-wavelength-sensitive-cone sensitivity loss with aging: a protective role for macular pigment?, J Opt Soc Am A, 5, 2140, 10.1364/JOSAA.5.002140 · DOI
  67. Dorey, 1989, Cell loss in the aging retina. Relationship to lipofuscin accumulation and macular degeneration., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 30, 1691
  68. Feeney-Burns, 1984, Aging human RPE: morphometric analysis of macular, equatorial, and peripheral cells., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 25, 195
  69. Young, 1971, The renewal of rod and cone outer segments in the Rhesus monkey., J Cell Biol, 49, 303, 10.1083/jcb.49.2.303 · DOI · Paper page
  70. Young, 1976, Visual cells and the concept of renewal., Invest Ophthalmol, 15, 700
  71. Anderson, 1978, Mammalian cones: disc shedding, phagocytosis, and renewal., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 17, 117
  72. Anderson, 1980, Rod and cone disc shedding in the Rhesus monkey retina: a quantitative study., Exp Eye Res, 30, 559, 10.1016/0014-4835(80)90040-8 · DOI
  73. Williams, 1992, Modification of the daily photoreceptor membrane shedding response in vitro by antioxidants., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 33, 3005
  74. Eldred, 1993, Retinal age pigments generated by selfassembling lysosomotropic detergents., Nature, 361, 724, 10.1038/361724a0 · DOI · Paper page
  75. Eldred, 1988, Fluorophores of the human retinal pigment epithelium: separation and spectral characterization., Exp Eye Res, 47, 71, 10.1016/0014-4835(88)90025-5 · DOI · Paper page
  76. Tucker, 1986, Refractile bodies in the inner segments of cones in the aging human retina., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 27, 708
  77. Iwasaki, 1988, Lipofuscin granules in human photoreceptor cells., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 29, 671
  78. Noell, 1980, Possible mechanisms of photoreceptor damage by light in mammalian eyes., Vision Res, 20, 1163, 10.1016/0042-6989(80)90055-3 · DOI
  79. Wiegand, 1983, Evidence for rod outer segment lipid peroxidation following constant illumination of the rat retina., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 24, 1433
  80. Organisciak, 1983, The enzymatic estimation of organic hydroperoxides in the rat retina., Exp Eye Res, 36, 337, 10.1016/0014-4835(83)90116-1 · DOI
  81. Anderson, 1984, Lipid peroxidation and retinal degeneration., Curr Eye Res, 3, 223, 10.3109/02713688408997203 · DOI
  82. Armstrong, 1990, Studies of experimentally induced retinal degeneration: 2. Early morphological changes produced by lipid peroxides in the albino rabbit., Jpn J Ophthalmol, 34, 158
  83. Neuringer, 1986, Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal omega3 fatty acid deficiency on retina and brain in rhesus monkeys., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 83, 4021, 10.1073/pnas.83.11.4021 · DOI · Paper page
  84. Ham, 1976, Retinal sensitivity to damage from short wavelength light., Nature, 260, 153, 10.1038/260153a0 · DOI · Paper page
  85. Ham, 1982, Action spectrum for retinal injury from near-ultraviolet radiation in the aphakic monkey., Am J Ophthalmol, 93, 299, 10.1016/0002-9394(82)90529-3 · DOI · Paper page
  86. Crockett, 1984, Oxygen dependence of damage by 436 nm light in cultured retinal epithelium., Curr Eye Res, 3, 209, 10.3109/02713688408997202 · DOI
  87. Ham, 1984, Basic mechanisms underlying the production of photochemical lesions in the mammalian retina., Curr Eye Res, 3, 165, 10.3109/02713688408997198 · DOI
  88. Ruffolo, 1984, Photochemical lesions in the primate retina under conditions of elevated blood oxygen., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 25, 893
  89. Ham, 1978, Histologic analysis of photochemical lesions produced in rhesus retina by short-wave-length light., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 17, 1029
  90. Aggarwal, 1978, Damage to mitochondrial electron transport and energy coupling by visible light., Biochim Biophys Acta, 502, 367, 10.1016/0005-2728(78)90057-9 · DOI
  91. Cogdell, 1975, Carotenoid triplet states in reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and Rhodospirillum rubrum., Biochim Biophys Acta, 408, 189, 10.1016/0005-2728(75)90122-X · DOI
  92. Foote, 1968, Chemistry of singlet oxygen. VIII. Quenching by beta-carotene., J Am Chem Soc, 90, 6233, 10.1021/ja01024a061 · DOI · Paper page
  93. Krinsky, 1979, Carotenoid protection against oxidation., Pure Appl Chem, 51, 649, 10.1351/pac197951030649 · DOI · Paper page
  94. Krinsky, 1982, Interaction of oxygen and oxy-radicals with carotenoids., J Natl Cancer Inst, 69, 205
  95. Lim, 1992, Antioxidant activity of xanthophylls on peroxyl radical-mediated phospholipid peroxidation., Biochim Biophys Acta, 1126, 178, 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90288-7 · DOI
  96. Lawwill, 1977, Retinal damage secondary to chronic light exposure, thresholds and mechanisms., Doc Ophthalmol, 44, 10.1007/BF00230089 · DOI
  97. Sykes, 1981, Damage to the monkey retina by broad-spectrum fluorescent light., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 20, 425
  98. Organisciak, 1987, Vitamin E in human neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium: effect of age., Curr Eye Res, 6, 1051, 10.3109/02713688709034876 · DOI
  99. Stephens, 1988, Vitamin E distribution in ocular tissues following long-term dietary depletion and supplementation as determined by microdissection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry., Exp Eye Res, 47, 237, 10.1016/0014-4835(88)90007-3 · DOI
  100. Nielsen, 1988, The regional distribution of vitamins E and C in mature and premature human retinas., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 29, 22
  101. Burton, 1984, /3-Carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant., Science, 224, 569, 10.1126/science.6710156 · DOI · Paper page
  102. Vile, 1988, Inhibition of adriamycin-promoted microsomal lipid peroxidation by beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and retinol at high and low oxygen partial pressures., FEBS Lett, 238, 353, 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80511-8 · DOI
  103. Kennedy, 1992, Peroxyl radical scavenging by /3-carotene in lipid bilayers., J Biol Chem, 267, 4658, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42884-0 · DOI
  104. Tso, 1989, Experiments on visual cells by nature and man: in search of treatment for photoreceptor degeneration: Friedenwald lecture., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 30, 2430
  105. Yu, 1987, Amelioration of retinal photic injury by beta-carotene., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 28, 7
  106. Gruszecki, 1990, Orientation of xanthophylls in phosphatidylcholine multibilayers., Biochim Biophys Acta, 1023, 405, 10.1016/0005-2736(90)90133-9 · DOI
  107. Yamamoto, 1978, Carotenoid organization in membranes. Thermal transition and spectral properties of carotenoidcontaining liposomes., Biochim Biophys Acta, 507, 119, 10.1016/0005-2736(78)90379-6 · DOI
  108. Mathews-Roth, 1974, Carotenoid chromophore length and protection against photosensitization., Photochem Photobiol, 19, 217, 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1974.tb06501.x · DOI
  109. Di Mascio, 1989, Lycopene as the most efficient biological carotenoid singlet oxygen quencher., Arch Biochem Biophys, 274, 1, 10.1016/0003-9861(89)90467-0 · DOI · Paper page
  110. Terao, 1989, Antioxidant activity of /3-carotene-related carotenoids in solution., Lipids, 24, 659, 10.1007/BF02535085 · DOI · Paper page
  111. Seely, 1971, The photosensitized oxidation of /3-carotene., Photochem Photobiol, 13, 27, 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1971.tb06088.x · DOI
  112. Subczynski, 1991, Effect of polar carotenoids on the oxygen diffusion-concentration product in lipid bilayers. An EPR spin label study., Biochim Biophys Acta, 68, 10.1016/0005-2736(91)90061-C · DOI
  113. Gruszecki, 1991, Does the xanthophyll cycle take part in the regulation of fluidity of the thylakoid membrane?, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1060, 310, 10.1016/S0005-2728(05)80322-6 · DOI
  114. Demmig-Adams, 1990, Carotenoids and photoprotection in plants: a role for the xanthophyll zeaxanthin., Biochim Biophys Acta, 1020, 1, 10.1016/0005-2728(90)90088-L · DOI · Paper page
  115. Schubert, 1994, In vivo manipulation of the xanthophyll cycle and the role of zeaxanthin in the protection against photodamage in the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa., J Biol Chem, 269, 7267, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)37278-2 · DOI
  116. Snodderly, 1990, Plasma carotenoids of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis and Saimirí sciureus) fed a nonpurified diet., J Nutr, 120, 1663, 10.1093/jn/120.12.1663 · DOI
  117. Bone, 1993, Stereochemistry of the human macular carotenoids., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 34, 2033
  118. Malinow, 1980, Diet-related macular anomalies in monkeys., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 19, 857
  119. Feeney-Burns, 1989, Macular pathology in monkeys fed semi-purified diets., Prog Clin Biol Res, 601
  120. Hayes, 1974, Retinal degeneration in monkeys induced by deficiencies of vitamin E or A., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 13, 499
  121. Woodford, 1984, Exaggeration of photic injury in scorbutic guinea pig retinas., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 90
  122. Tso, 1985, Pathogenetic factors of aging macular degeneration., Ophthalmology, 92, 628, 10.1016/S0161-6420(85)33992-1 · DOI
  123. 1990, Use of vitamin and mineral supplements in the United States., Nutr Rev, 48, 161
  124. Eckhert, 1993, Photoreceptor damage following exposure to excess riboflavin., Experientia, 49, 1084, 10.1007/BF01929917 · DOI
  125. Herbert, 1994, The antioxidant supplement myth., Am J Clin Nutr, 60, 157, 10.1093/ajcn/60.2.157 · DOI
  126. Cooney, 1993, ꙋ-Tocopherol detoxification of nitrogen dioxide: superiority to a-tocopherol., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 1771, 10.1073/pnas.90.5.1771 · DOI · Paper page
  127. Micozzi, 1992, Plasma carotenoid response to chronic intake of selected foods and /3-carotene supplements in men., Am J Clin Nutr, 55, 1120, 10.1093/ajcn/55.6.1120 · DOI · Paper page
  128. High, 1951, Effects of different amounts of lutein, squalene, phytol and related substances on the utilization of carotene and vitamin A for storage and growth in the rat., J Nutr, 43, 245, 10.1093/jn/43.2.245 · DOI

Cited by

See all 799

Metadata

Authors
Snodderly, D.
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1995-12
Volume
62
Issue
6
Pages
1448S-1461S
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1448s
OpenAlex
W2123460349
Cited by
799
References
10
FWCI
13.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.